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ís-gicel v. gicel.
ísig; adj. Icy, covered with ice :-- Ðæ-acute;r stód hringedstefna ísig and útfús, Beo. Th. 65; B. 33. v. eall-ísig.
ísig-feðera; adj. Having ice on the wings :-- Stearn ísigfeðera, Exon. 81 b; Th. 307, 15; Seef. 24.
í-síðes; adv. At that time, at once, directly :-- Man ísíðes sóna ðæ-acute;ræfter swytelaþ it is immediately thereafter manifested, L. I. P. 24; Th. ii. 338, 11. [Cf. í-dæges.]
Ismahéli; pl. m. Ishmaelites, Bedouins :-- Ðá þiccodan ðider semninga ða ismahéli on horsum and on olfendum then crowded thither on a sudden the Bedouins, on horses and camels, Shrn. 38, 4.
Ismahélitas; pl. m. Ishmaelites :-- Ismæhélita, Ismahelitum, Ps. Th. 82, 6. Ysmahélitum Ismaelitis, Gen. 37, 28.
Ismahélitisc; adj. Ishmaelite :-- Æt ðám Ismahélitiscum mannum de manu Ismaelitarum, Gen. 39, 1.
ís-mere, es ; m. A mere covered with ice :-- Scíneþ sunne sóna ísmere weorþeþ tó wætre the sun shines, at once the icy lake turns to water, Bt. Met. Fox 28, 123; Met. 28, 62.
Ispania Spain; Hispania, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 24, 1, 7. 9.
-isse. This suffix, Lat. -issa, which in later English became the common suffix to mark the feminine gender, is found before the Norman Conquest in the word abbud-isse abbess. [Cf. -estre.]
Ístas; pl. m. The Esthonians :-- Ic wæs mid Ístum, Exon. 86 a ; Th. 323, 31; Víd. 87. [Icel. Eistir.] v. Éste; and see Grmm. Gesch. D. S. 499, sqq.
istoria history :-- Istoriam Indéa ríces, Salm. Kmbl. 7; Sal. 4.
-istre. v. -estre.
Italie, a; pl. The Italians or Italy :-- Pencentes Italia folc, Ors. 4, 2 ; Swt. 160, 27. Pirrus fór of Italium (ab Italia), 4, 1; Swt.158, 30 : 154, 32.
íð, iéð, ýð; adv. compve. More easily :-- Ðæt hie hiera godum ðé iéð blótan mehten that they might the more easily sacrifice to their gods, Ors. 2, 2 ; Swt. 64, 29. Hwá meahte iéð monnum ræ-acute;dan bútan scylde ðonne se ðe hí gescóp quis principari hominibus tam sine culpa, quam is, qui hos nimirum regeret, quos ipse creaverat? Past. 3. 1; Swt. 33, 16. Ðý ýþ, Exon. 120 b ; Th. 463, 6 ; Hö. 66. v. eáðe, éð.
íðan; p. de To lay waste, desolate, destroy :-- Ic ýðde eotena cyn and on ýðum slóg niceras nihtes, Beo. Th. 846; B. 421. Ýðde ðisne eardgeard ælda scyppend the creator of men laid waste this world, Exon. 77 b ;
Th. 291, 20; Wand. 85. Ýðan, 126 a; Th. 484, 13; Rä. 70, 7. Íðende depopulis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 27, 27. [Icel. eyða to lay waste, destroy, waste desolate : O. H. Ger. ódian desolare, Grff. i. 150 : Ger. ver-öden.] v. á-íðan.
íðast, íðost ; adv. superl. Most easily :-- Ýðast meahtan frófre findan might find comfort most easily, Exon. 19 b; Th. 50, 15; Cri. 800. Ýðæst, 26 b; Th. 79, 1; Cri. 1284. Ýðost, Hy. 7, 3; Hy Grn. 287, 3. v. íð.
íð-belig; adj. Easily made angry :-- Ne wé tó ýðbelige [eáðbylige, MS. D.] ne sýn, ne tó langsum yrre hæbben, Wulfst. 253, 11.
íð-dæ-acute;de; adj. Easy to do :-- Hit wæs Gode ýðdæ-acute;de, ðá hé hit swá gedón habban wolde, Wulfst. 15, 18. v. eáð-dæ-acute;de.
íðe; adj. Easy, pleasant :-- Nó ðæt ýðe byþ tó befleónne that is not easy to flee from, Beo. Th. 2009; B. 1002 : 4822; B. 2415. On his heortan hé Gode þancie ealles ðæs ðe hé him forgeaf æ-acute;gðer ge ýðran ge unýðran in his heart let him thank God for all that he has given him, both pleasant and unpleasant, L. E. I. 29; Th. ii. 426, 11. Ús ðis se æðeling ýðre gefremede this the prince has made easier for us, Exon. 17 a ; Th. 39, 25; Cri. 627. v. eáðe, éðe, un-íðe.
íðe-líce; adv. Easily :-- Iéðelíce and scortlíce ic hæbbe nú gesæ-acute;d hiora ingewinn without making the account difficult or long I have now related their intestine struggle, Ors. 2, 6; Swt. 88, 28. Iéðelíce forneáh búton æ-acute;lcon gewinne easily, almost without any struggle, 3, 7 ; Swt. 112, 28. Ýðelíce, Beo. Th. 3116; B. 1556. Forðæm se lytega feónd swá micle iéðelícor ðæt mód gewundaþ swá hé hit ongiet nacodre ðare byrnan wær-scipes quia hostis callidus tanto liberius pectus percutit, quanto nudum a providentiæ lorica deprehendit, Past. 56, 1; Swt. 431, 10. v. eáðe, éðelíce, un-íðelíce.
íð-fynde; adj. Easy to find :-- Ýðfynde, Andr. Kmbl. 3092; An. 1549. v. eáð-, éð-fynde.
íð-gesýne; adj. Easy to see :-- Ýðgesýne, Beo. Th. 2493; B. 1244. v. éð-gesýne.
íð-ness, e ; f. Easiness, freedom, ease, sati faction, delight :-- Hwelce íðnesse hæfþ God æt úrum wítum neque Deus nostris cruciatibus pascitur, Past. 54, 5 ; Swt. 425, 11. v. un-íðness, éðness.
iú. v. geó.
iuc, ioc a yoke; jugum, Wrt. Voc. 284, 54 : ii. 46, 37 : juger, 38. Ioc jugum, Ælfc. Gl. 3 ; Som. 55, 58; Wrt. Voc. 16, 30 : Ps. Spl. C. 2, 3 : Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 11, 29, 30 : Rtl. 108, 21. [These examples should be given under geoc.] v. geoc.
iuc-boga, an; m. The bow or curved part of a yoke :-- Iucboga jujula [among things connected with vehicles], Wrt. Voc. 284, 50 : jugula, ii. 46, 36.
iucian; p. ode To join, yoke :-- Ic iucige jungo, Ælfc. Gr. 28; Som. 31, 53. v. ge-iukod.
iuc-sticca, an; m. The bar of a yoke :-- Ioc-sticca obicula, Ælfc. Gl. 3; Som. 55, 61; Wrt. Voc. 16, 33. (Cf. O. H. Ger. iuh-rota pertica, Grff. ii. 491.]
iuc-téma, an; m. An animal yoked with another :-- Ioctéma jugalis, Ælfc. Gl. 3; Som. 55, 59; Wrt. Voc. 16, 31. [cf. ge-týme.]
Iudan burh Jedburgh, Chr. 952 ; Erl. 118, 26.
iú-dæ-acute;d, e ; f. A deed done of old or formerly :-- Gú-dæ-acute;da, Exon. 64 a ; Th. 235, 12; Ph. 556. Iúdæ-acute;dum, 76 a; Th. 284, 26; Jul. 703 : Cd. 217; Th. 276, 10; Sat. 186.
Iudéa Judea :-- Fram Iudéa de Judæa, Mt. Kmbl. 4, 25. On ðam wéstene Judéæ in deserto Judææ, 3, 1.
Iudéas; gen. a ; pl. m. The Jews; Judæi, Jn. Skt. 2, 20. Eal Iudéa þeód omnis Iudæa Mt. Kmbl. 3. 5. Betwux ðám Iudéum, Jn. Skt.10, 19.
Iudéisc; adj. Jewish :-- Ðá stód án Iudéisc wer, ðæs nama wæs Nichodemus, Nicod. 11; Thw. 5, 38 : Jn. Skt. 18, 35. Crist cwæþ be ðám ungeleáffullum Iudéiscum wá eów Christ said of the unbelieving Jews 'Woe to you,' Ælfc. Gr. 48; Som. 49, 5.
iú-geára; adv. Formerly :-- Breoton wæs iúgeára Albion háten Brittania cui quondam Albion nomen fuit, Bd. 1, 1; S. 473, 8. v. geó-geára.
iugian to join, yoke :-- Ic iugie hí tó syl jungo eos ad aratrum, Coll. Monast. Th. 19, 15. v. iucian.
iúgoþ youth, young people, Jos. 5, 5 : Homl. ii. 506, 21: Homl. Skt. 6, 2. v. geógoþ.
Iúla, an ; m. December or January :-- Mónaþ Decembris, æ-acute;rra Iúla, Menol. Fox 439; Men. 221. v. Geóla.
iú-leán, es ; n. A reward for something done long ago :-- Iúleán ðæs ðe hine of nearwum Widia út forlét a reward, because in time past Widia released him from straits, Wald. 2, 7.
iú-mann, es; m. A man of old, of a former time :-- Iúmonna gold, Beo. Th. 6096; B. 3052. v. gió-mann.
iú-meówle, an; f. One who was a maiden long ago, an old woman :-- Ió-meówlan, Beo. Th. 5854; B. 2931.
iung; adj. Young :-- Sum iung man, Th. Ap. 3, 23 : 4, 7 : Bd. 2, 12; S. 514, 27 : Ælfc. Gl. 45 ; Som. 64, 106; Wrt. Voc. 32, 41 : 64, 93 ; Wrt. Voc. 32, 28. v. geong.
iung-líc; adj. Youthful :-- Iunglícre ylde, Ælfc. T. Grn. 16, 40. v. geong-líc.
iung-ling, es ; m. A youth :-- Iunglingc juvenis, Wrt. Voc. 73, 19: Gen. 4, 23. Sum iungling him fyligde adulescens quidam sequebatur eum, Mk. Skt. 14, 51 : Homl. Th. ii. 312, 16. v. geong-ling.
Iútan, Iútas. v. Iótas.
iú-wine, es ; m. A friend of old or former times :-- Wát his iúwine eorþan forgiefene knows that his friends of old are committed to earth, Exon. 82 b; Th. 311, 15 ; Seef. 92.
ÍW, es; m. Yew :-- Íw taxus, Ælfc. Gl. 46; Som. 64, 131; Wrt. Voc. 32, 65 : Wrt. Voc. 79. 74 : 285, 49. Se hearda íw, Exon. 114 a ; Th. 437, 18; Rä. 56, 9. On ðone ealde íw ðonan of ðon íwe to the old yew; thence from the yew, Cod. Dipl. Kmbl. iii. 218, 35. In proper names, vi. 306, col. 2 ; 307, col. 1. [Chauc. ew : Icel. ýr a yew, a bow : O. H. Ger. íwa taxus : Ger. eibe.] v. eow.
íwan; p. de To show, bring before the eyes, display, reveal :-- Ýweþ and yppeþ shews and reveals, Salm. Kmbl. 985; Sal. 494. Ðá ýwde hé ðæ-acute;r synne wisan culpam esse demonstravit, Bd. 1, 27; S. 496, 2. Ðá ýwde ic him sóna ða ylcan bóc ðara reogola quibus statim protuli eundem librum canonum, 4, 5 ; S. 572, 25. Mid his sylfes dæ-acute;de ýwde and cýdde propria actione præmonstraret, 4, 27; S. 604, 40. Ýwaþ mé ánne peninc ostendite mihi denarium, Lk. Skt. 20, 24. Wénþ gif hé hit him iéwe ðæt hé him nylle geþafigean ðæt hé hine sníðe he expects, if he show it [the knife] to him, that he will not allow him to cut him, Past. 26, 3 ; Swt. 185, 25. Ðíne miltse ýwe show thy mercy, Exon. 11 b; Th. 15, 32; Cri. 245. Ðæt land ðe ic ðé ýwan wille the land that I will show thee, Cd. 83; Th. 105, 11 ; Gen. 1751. Ord and ende ðæs ðe him ýwed wæs the beginning and end of what was revealed to him, 180; Th. 225, 31; Dan. 162. DER. æt-, ge-, óþ-íwan [-ýwan] ; and see eáwan, eówan.
K
K THE letter k appears to have had no distinct duty to perform in the oldest English, but to have been a mere variant of c. In the MSS. (more particularly the Cotton) of Alfred's translation of Gregory's Pastoral Care, where in the words kyning, kyun &c. it occurs not unfrequently, this writing is not uniform. Thus in Sweet's edition Angelkynn is found p. 2, ll. 3, 13, but Angelcynn l. 4 ; whilst in each case the Hatton MS. has c. So in the following page in l. 10, kynn, in l. 20, cynn. On pp. 2, 3, l. 1 kyning is the writing of both MSS. while pp. 34, 35, l. 14 it is cyning : p. 32, 20-1 we find kyning, kynehad, the Hatton MS. in the same passage has c : p. 38, ll. 13, 18 kyning, kynestol, where the Hatton MS. has cyning, kynestol : pp. 6, 7, l. 18 both have kynerice : p. 84, ll. 10, 12, 13 kynelic occurs four times, in the Hatton MS. it is twice written with c, twice with k. On p. 212, l. 15 is found Crist, while the Hatton writes Krist; on p. 152, line 5 the Cotton MS. has kræft, the Hatton MS. cræft. On p. 459, ll. 29, 31, 32 (Hatton MS.) occur the forms kokka, kokkum, kok. So in the Chronicle. Erl. p. 8, l. 15 kyning; but p. 6, l. 23 cyning : p. 24, l. 1, kyning; 26, 1, cyning. The later use with regard to the letter may be, to some extent, illustrated from the concluding years. For many years previous to 1111 the form is cyng, in that year we have Kyng Henri; again until 1122 the opening line of each annual contains the phrase Cyng Henri, then until the end the spelling is k.
Words beginning with k are to be looked for under c.