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bási, köttr í búri..., cp. the Engl. in the cow's boose, Bosworth s. v.; has,
bás is an interj. exclam. for driving cows into stall: also used in Icel. of
basins formed in rocks, e. g. at the foot of a waterfall; in local names,
Básar, Básendar, etc.: the phrase, hafa sér markaðan bás, to have one's
course of life marked out, Ísl. Jjjóðs. i. 538; einginn veit sér ætlaðan bás
í örlaganna solli, n o o ne knows what boose is kept for him in the turmoil
of the fates, Grönd. 194; vide bjarnbass.
BÁSUNA, u, f. (for. word), bassoon, Fas. ii. 511.
bát-festr, f. a rope by which a boat is made fast, Jb. 398, 655 xvii.
bát-lauss, adj. and bátleysi, n. being without a boat, Eb. 142, Jb. 399-
bát-maðr, m. a boatman, Hkr. iii. 128, Fms. vi. 320.
BÁTR,, m. [a Scandin. and Low Germ, word used in A. S., Engl.,
Dutch, but alien to O. H. G. and middle H. G.; even Luther (v. Grimm
y. v.) never uses the word; it was later introduced into mod. High Germ.,
but has a foreign sound there, (Engl. t answers to High Germ, z); the
word is in Germ, borrowed from Dutch or English] :-- a boat, either
a small open fishing vessel or a shi p- boat. In Icel. only small boats
are called so, those of two or four oars; an eight-oared boat is a
'ship, ' Eg. 121, 373, Eb. 142, Nj. 122, Jb. 398, Bs. 1. 422, 423: in
phrases, ausa bat sinn, Fms. vii. 331; sjá fyrir báti sínum, to go
one's own course, to mind erne's own business, Sturl. iii. 247: allitera-
tion, eiga bygð í báti, metaph., Bs. i. 422. COMPDS: báts-borð,
n. the s ide of a boat, Sturl. i. 119. báts-farmr, m. a boat's freight,
Ann. 1342.
bát-stafn, m. a boat's prow, Fms. viii. 223.
beð n. c bed in a garden, (mod. and rare, cp. reitr.)
beð-dúkr, m. a bed-covering, Dipl. iii. 4.
beðja, u, f., poet, a wife, bed-fellow, Lex. Poët.
beð-mál, n. pl. a curtain lecture, Hm. 85.
BEÐR, jar, m. pl. ir, [Ulf. badi; Hel. bed; A. S. bedd; Engl. bed;
Germ, belt] , a bed; in Icel. sæng is the common word, beðr poët. and
rare; in the N. T. Kp&fi&a. rov is always rendered by sæng (tak sæng
þína og gakk, Mark ii. 9); beðr is used in alliterative phrases, e. g. beor
eðr blaeja, Jb. 28; í beðjum eðr bólstrum, N. G. L. i. 351; deila beð ok
blíðu, (pi\6rr)Ti KOÍ tiivrj, Od. v. 126; and mostly in the sense of bolster;
saxit nam í beðinum staðar, Ld. 140, Gísl. 114: the sea-shore is poet.
called sævar-beðir (sofa ek né mátta'k sævarbeðjum á, Edda 16 (in a
verse); hvíl-beðr, a resting bed, Akv. 30; rísa upp við beð, to lift the
body against the pillow, Bkv. 2. 23: the conjugal bed, bjóða á beð, Ls.
52; sitja á beð, Gh. 19; ganga á beð e-m, to marry, 14: pl., sofa á
beðjum, Hm. 96, loo: metaph. a swelling sea, lauðr var lagt í beði
(acc. pl.), Fms. vi. 180 (in a verse); cp. skýbólstrar, ' bolster-clouds, '
heavy piles of cloud. COMPDS: beðjar-dýna, u, f. a feather-bed,
Vm. 177. beðjar-ver, n. a bolster case, Dipl. 4.
beð-vina, u, f. = beðja, Lex. Poët.
begla, u, f. [bagr], a bungle; sem b. hjá fögru smíði, hence the name
Rimbegla, Rb. (pref.)
BEIÐA, dd, [cp. A. S. beade; Old Engl. bead-roll, bidding-prayer,
bedes-man; biðja, bað, beðið, Lat. orare, and bíða, beið, beðit, Lat.
expectare.] I. t o as k, beg, with the notion of right; almost
as a law term, to request [but biðja, ora re]; b. e-n e-s, or b. e-m (for
one) e-s; beiða griða Baldri, Edda 36, Gs. verse 2; beiða sér bjarg-
kviðar búa sína fimm, Grág. i. 113, 275; b. sonar bóta, Nj. 21; b. e-s
af e-m, Fms. i. 47: with acc., in the law term, b. lögbeiðing, to m a ke a
lawful request, Grág. (freq.); ef hann vill eigi eið vinna þá er hann er
beiddr (requested) þá verðr hann sekr urn þat tólf mörkurn, þá er hann
beiddr (requested) er hann er beðinn (asked), K. b. K. 146: adding ut,
b. e-s út, to request the payment of a right, etc., Gþl. 375; b. til e-s, t o
request, 656 B. p. reflex., beiðast, to request on one's own behalf; b. laga,
Ld. 76; fars, Grág. i. 90; griða, Fms. viii. 423, x. 172, Nj. 10, 76, Eg.
239, Fms. i. ii: in active sense, Land. 293; beiðast út réttar sins, t o
c l a im as o ne's ri^ ht, Gþl. 187: with infin., Grág. i. 489: with ' at' and a
subj., Fms. i. 12, Grág. i. 7. II. [Dan. bede], as a hunting term,
to hunt, chase; b. björnu, to hwnt bear s: part, beiddr and beiðr,
bunted about, Gísl. 112; hann kvað sveininn hafa verið ilia beiddan, Fs.
69, Mirm. 39: the phrase by Kormak, sá er bindr beiðan (i. e. beiddan)
hiin, seems to mean one who pinions the young hunted bear, viz. as if it
were sheep or cattle, Edda 96 (in a verse), symbolical of the earl Sigurd,
a mighty Nimrod, who surpassed the wild deer in strength and swiftness;
beiðr (= beiddr) for ek heiman at biðja þín Guðrún, Am. 90, seems to
mean hunted by love, amore captus: the verse of Kormak, -- bands man
ek beiða rindî, fascinating, charming woman (1), by whom the poet is
made prisoner in love; cp. the poët. compds beiði-hlökk, beiði-sif,
beiði-rindr, all epithets of women, Lex. Poët., v.
beiðing and beiðning (Mar. Fr.), f. request, demand, El. II: waiting,
Fms. viii. 151 (dub. reading).
beiðni, f. a request, demand, Fms. i. 208; pl., 655 iii. 4; holds b., carnal
lust, Hom. 17, 25 (Lat. petulantia).
beiðsla, u, f. a request, demand, Sturl. iii. 231, Sks. 772. beiðslu-
xnaðr, m. a person asking, Sks. 776, Anecd. 88.
BEIGR or beygr, m. fear; hafa b. af e-m (freq.) :-- beiguðr, m.
a n athlete, one who inspires fear (?), Edda.
BEIMAR, m. pl. [etym. uncertain], poet, men, heroes, the followers
of king Beirni, according to Edda 109; it is more likely that it is a rela-
tion to Engl. bea w, beaming, and means illustrious, Lex. Poët.
BEIN, n. a word common to the Teut. idioms and peculiar to them j
[the Goth, word is not on record, as Luke xxiv. 39 and John xix. 36 are
lost in Ulf.; A. S. ban; Engl. bone; Germ, bein; Swed. -Dan. ben (been).
Sansk., Gr., Lat., and the Slav, languages agree in a totally different
root; Sansk. asihi; Gr. oariov; Lat. os; the Slav, branch all with an
initial c, cp. the Lat. cosia. Vide Grimm (s. v.), who suggests a rela-
tion to Gr. jSeuVu;; but the native Icel. words beinn, rectus, and beina,
promovere, are more likely roots; the original sense might thus be crus,
Gr. er/ceAos, but Lat. os the secondary one] :-- a bone. I. spec.
the le g" from the knee to the foot; freq. in Swed. and Dan., but very
rare and nearly obsolete in Icel., where leggr is the common word;
hosa strengd at beini, Eg. 602, Fms. x. 331; kálfar á beinum fram,
N. G. L. i. 339. II. gener. = Lat. os, a bone, but originally
the bones with marrow (Germ, knocben), as may be inferred from the
passages, pa er mergund ef b. er í sundr til mergjar, þat er mergr er i,
Grág. ii. II, i. 442, Fms. vii. 118, Vápn. 21, Fas. i. 66, Vígl. 20; stór
bein í andliti, with a strongly-marked, high-boned face, Band. 7, whence
stórbeinóttr, q. v.; viðbeina, a collar-bone; höfuðbein, pl. he a d- b on e s,
the scull around the temples and the forehead; er gamlir grisir skyldu
halda mér at höfuðbeinum, Grett. (in a verse); strjúka hó'fuðbeiniu;
málbein, o s loquendi, a small bone in the head; hence the phrase, láta
málbeinið ganga, of one talking incessantly and foolishly: metaph.
in phrases, lata ganga með beini, to deal blows to the very marrow,
deal severely, Ld. 230; hafa bein í hendi (the Danes say, have been
i nœsen), to have a boned hand, i. e. strength and power, Hrafn. 10, Al.
29. 2. pl. relics, remains (ashes); the phrase, bera bein, to repose,
rest, be buried; far þú út til islands, þar mun þér auðit verða beinin at
bera, Grett. 148, Nj. 201; ok iðrast nú að aptr hvarf að bera b. blú við
hrjóstr, Bjarni, 57 :-- of the reli cs of saints, Bs. 468, 469; hence beina-
færsla, u, f. removal of bones (translatio); in the Catholic age, when
churches were removed, the churchyard was dug up and the bones removed
also, vide Eb. (in fine), Bjarn. 19, K. b. K. 40, Eg. (in fine). COMPDS:
beina-vatn, n. water in which relics have been washed, Bs. ii. 173. Fél.
ix. records many medic, terms; beina-griud, f. a skeleton; bein-áta,
u, f. necrosis, caries ossiitm; bein-brot, \\. fractura ossium, Lv. 68, Grág.
ii. 17; bein-kröm, f. rachitis: bein-kveisa, u, f. osteocopus; bein-
sullr, in. sarcostosis; bein-verkir, m. pl. lassitudo febrilis dolorosa
universalis, Gísl. 48, cp. Fél. ix. As a poet, circumlocution, the s to ne is
foldar bein, bone of the earth; sævarbein, bone of the sea, Hit., Edda (Ht.)
19, 23; cp. the Gr. myth of
beina, d. I. to stretch out, to put into motion; b. flug, of birds,
to stretch the wings for flight, Edda 13, Orkn. 28; b. skrið, of a serpent,
Stj. 98; b. raust, to lift up the voice, speak loud, Gísl. 57. II.
metaph. to promote, forward; b. for (ferð) e-s, to help one forwards,
Fms. vi. 63, Grág. i. 343, Bret. 38; b. til með e-m, to lend one help; ek
vii b. til með þér baenum mínum, / will ass i s t thee in my prayers, Bs. i.
472; b. e-u til e-s, to contribute to a thing; þessu vii ek b. til brennu
þinnar, Fb. i. 355; b. at með e-m, to help, assist one; hlauptu her ut,
ok mun ek b. at með þér, Nj. 201; b. at e-u, to lend a hand to, Bjarn.
64; b. fyrir e-m, to entertain, of alms or hospitable treatment (whence
beini); b. fyrir fátækum, Post. 656
bein-brjóta, braut, to bre a kone's bones, Bárð. 167.
bein-brot, n. the fracture of bone, v. above.
bein-fastr, adj., b. sár, a wound to the bone, Stud. ii. 222, 655 xi.
bein-fiskr, m., v. beitfiskr.
bein-gjald, n. a law term, compensation for a lesion of bone, N. G. L.
i. 172.
bein-gróinn, part, healed (of a bone fracture), Fas. ii. 295.
bein-hákall, m. squalus maximus.
bein-hinna, u, f. periosteum.
bein-högg, n. a blow injuring the bone, opp. to svoðu sár, Stud. i. 13.
beini, m. help, but exclusively used of hospitable entertainment, kind
treatment, hospitality; vinna, veita, e-m beina, Eb. 268; þykir yðr eigi
sá b. beztr, at yðr sé borð sett ok gefinu náttverðr ok síðan fari þér
at sofa, Eg. 548; ofgorr er beininn, t oo much trouble taken, too much
attendance, Lv. 38 (Ed. badly 'beinan'); höfðu þar blíðan beina, Fms.
ii. 248, iv. 336; mikit er mi um beina þinn, w hat hospitable treatment I
ísl. ii. 155, Bjarn. 53 -- 55, Fas. i. 79: ganga um beina, to w a it upon
the guests, in old times (as at present in Icel.) an honourable task; in
great banquets the lady or daughter of the house, assisted by servants,
did this office; bórhildr (the daughter) gékk um beina, ok báru þaer
Bergþóra (the mother) mat á borð, Nj. 50, cp. Lv. 1. c., Fms. xi. 52; Hit
(the hospitable giantess) gékk um b., Bárð. 174; þiðrandi (the son of
the house) gékk um beina, Fms. ii. 194; -- but it is added, 'because he
was humble and meek, ' for it was not regarded as fit work for a man; cp.
þá er konur gengu um b. um dagverð, Sturl. i. 132. COMPDS: beina-