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DREKKHLAÐINN -- DREPA. 105
Mar. 656 A. 23, cp. Gþl. 504. /3. to hold a feast, the feast in
acc.; d. Jól, Fms. vi. 100, Fagrsk. 4 (in the poem of Hornklofi); d.
veizlu, Nj. ii; d. brullaup, Fms. xi. 88; d. erfi, Nj. 167. "y- denot-
ing the modq of drinking; d. ein-menning, to drink one t o o ne, Eg.
551; d. tvi-menning, to drink twoto two, id.; d. fast, to drink hard,
Eb. 184; d. úmælt, to drink without measure (cp. mál-drykkja), Fms.
iii. 18; d. til e-s, to drink toa person, Eg. 552, Sturl. iii. 305, Bs. i. 848,
798; d. á e-n, id., Fms. iv. 333, vi. 442 (cp. a-drykkja); d. e-n af
stokki, to drinkone under the table, iv. 167; d. frá sér vit, to drink one's
wits away, ix. 339, Hm. u; the allit. phrase, d. ok dæma, to drink and
chatter, Rm. 29: adding the prepp. af, or, to drink off a cup; å. af
dýra hornum, Fms. vi. 442, Eg. 206, 207: absol. to drink, bold a feast,
Eg. 43. 8. impers. (vide a-drykkir) of a ship, to ship a sea, metaph., Al.
139. t. recipr., drekkask á, to drink to one another, Hkr. ii. 249,
N. G. L. i. 211, Js. 78. 2. part. pass, drukkinn, drunken, tipsy, Eb.
154, Fms. i. 59, Eg. 552.
drekk-hlaðinn, part. ' drench-loaden, ' a ship laden till she sinks.
drekkja, t and ð, [Ulf. dragkjan; Engl. dren c h], to drown, with dat.,
Edda (pref.) 144, Fms. iii. 28, Fas. ii. 35: metaph. to swamp, Fms. x. 395:
with acc., Hom. 154 (rarely): reflex, to be submerged, Fms. xi. 66.
drembi-liga, adv. (-ligr, adj.), haughtily, Fms. vi. 155, x. 237, Nj.
78, Fas. i. 39; cp. rembiligr.
drengi-liga, adv. brave, bravely, Korm. 238, Nj. 180, 258, Ld. 206.
drengi-ligr, adj. brave, valiant, Ld. 272, Fms. vii. 105, xi. 57:
generous, vi. 96, Nj. 73, Boll. 348.
drengja, d, a naut. term, to bind fast, haul taut to a pole (drengr);
taka akkeri ok d. við ása, Fms. vii. 54; d. með köðlum, 82.
dreng-leysi, n. want of generosity, unmanliness, Stj. 396.
dreng-lundaðr and -lyndr, adj. noble-minded, Hkr. i. 327, Nj. 30,
Fms. ii. 220; hogvaerr ok drenglyndr, gentle-minded and high-minded,
Nj. 30 (ofNjal).
dreng-maðr, m. a bachelor, opp. to bóndi, N. G. L. i. 31, 98: a stout
doughty man, Lex. Poët.
dreng-mannliga, adv. (-ligr, adj.), bravely, doughtily, Nj. 78, v. l.
dreng-menska, u, f. boldness, Fas. i. 404.
DRENGR, m., pl. ir, gen. drengs, pl. drengir, on Runic stones drengjar;
this is a most curious word, and exclusively Scandinavian; it occurs in the
A. S. poem Byrnoth, but is there undoubtedly borrowed from the Danes, as
this poem is not very old. 1. the earliest form was probably drarigr, q. v.,
a rock or pjllar, which sense still remains in Edda (Gl.) and in the compd
as-drengr, cp. Ivar Aasen; it also remains in the verb drengja. 2. it
then metaphorically came to denote a young unmarried man, a bachelor,
A. S. hagestald, N. H. G. hagestolz; drengir heita ungir menn ok búlausir,
Edda 107; ungr d., a youth, 623. 22, Post. 656 C. 32, Edda 35; drengr,
a youth, Stj. 409; hverrar ættar ertú d., 465; (hence the mod. Dan.
sense of a boy); far-d., a sailor. 3. hence came the usual sense, a
bold, valiant, worthy man, and in this sense it is most freq. in all periods
of the language. Drengr is a standing word in the Swed. and Dan.
Runic monuments, góðr drengr, drengr harða góðr, denoting c. good,
brave, gallant man, a bold and gentle heart; lagði þá hverr fram
sitt skip sem d. var ok skap hafði til, Fms. vi. 315; drengir heita vaskir
menn ok batnandi, Edda 107; hraustr d., a gallant d., Ld. 50; d. fullr,
a bluff, out-spoken man, Ísl. ii. 363; göfuligr d., Bær. 12; d. góðr, noble-
minded; auðigr at fé ok d. góðr, Fms. vi. 356; hann var enn bezti d. ok
hófsmaðr um allt, Ld. loo; drengr góðr ok öriggr í öllu, Nj. 30; ekki
þyki mér þú sterkr, en drengr ertú góðr, thou art not strong, but tbou art
a good fellow, Lv. 109; drengs dáð, a ' derring do, ' the deed of a drengr,
Fbr. 90 (in a verse): also used of a lady, kvennskörungr mikill ok d.
góðr ok nokkut skaphörð, Nj. 30 (of Bergthora); allra kvenna grimmust
ok skaphörðust ok (but) d. góðr þar sem vel sk)'ldi vera, 147 (of Hildi-
gunna): the phrases, litill d., a s mall dreng, or d. at verri, denoting a
disgraced man, Nj. 68; at kalla þik ekki at verra dreng, to call thee
a dreng none the le ss for that, Ld. 42; drengir en eigi dáðleysingjar,
' drengs' and no lubbers, Sturl. iii. 135; drengr and níðingr are opposed,
N. G. L. ii. 420: at Hallgerðr yrði þeim mestr drengr, greatest helper,
prop, Nj. 76; at þú mættir drengrinn af verða sem beztr, that thou
couldst get the greatest credit from it, Gísl. 48: the phrase, hafa dreng
i serk, to have a man (i. e. a stout, bold heart) in one's sark, in one's
breast, Fms. ix. 381: in addressing, góðr d., my dear fellow, Eg. 407:
cp. ' et quod ipsi in posterurn vocarentur Drenges, ' Du Cange (in a letter
of William the Conqueror). COMPDS: drengja-móðir, f. a mother of
heroes, a cognom., Hdl. 18. drengja-val, n. chosen, gallant men, Fas.
i. 73, 304. drengs-aðal, n. the nature of a d., Km. 23. drengs-
bót, f. w hat make s a man the better d., Fms. ii. 276, vi. 107, Karl. 120.
drengs-bragð, n. the deed of a d., brave deed, Sturl. ii. 84.
dreng-skapr, m., gen. ar, courage, high-mindedness; the phrase, falla
með drengskap, to fall sword in hand, Fms. ii. 42; vit ok d., xi. 112;
deyja með drengskap, opp. to Ufa með skömm, v. 136; þínum drengskap
(manliness) skal ek við bregða, Nj. 13: allit., dáð ok d.; með litlum
drengskap, cowardly, Fms. viii. 29; má þat verða til drengskapar, Ísl. ii.
366; drengskapar-raun, trial o/d., Sturl. ii. 62.
drep, n. [A. S. drepe; Germ. treff~\, a smart, blow; the legal bearing
of this word is defined Grág. Vsl. ch. 10-13; wound and ' drep' are distin-
guished -- þat ero sár er þar blæðir sem á kom, en drep ef annars-staðar
blæðir, ch. 51, cp. N. G. L. i. og, 164, Eb. ch. 23: trail, vide dögg. 2.
slaying, killing, = dráp, Grág. Vsl. ch. in. 3. plague, p es t, = drep-
sutt, Stj. 546, Bret. 46, Sks. 731 B: a malignant disease, N. G. L. i. 145;
metaph., Al. 86. 4. medic, mortification, gangrene, Fms. iii. 184.
ix. 36, Bs. i. 346, Fél. ix. 207.
DREPA, pret. drap, 2nd pers. drapt, mod. drapst, pl. drápu; pret. subj.
draepi; part, drepit; pres. drep; with the suft". neg. pret. drap-a. Orkn.:
[A. S. drepan; Dan. drœbe; Swed. drapa; O. H. G. trefan; mod. Germ.
treffen, whence the mod. Dan. treffe, in the sense to hit; Ulf. uses slahan
and stautjan, but never dripan; in Engl. the word is lost.]
A. WITH ACC., OR ABSOL. högg (a blow) or the like being under-
stood, to strike, beat: I. act. of music, to strike the chords, (cp.
phrases such as, slá danz, to strike up for a dance; slagr is battle and poem,
Trolla-slagr and Gygjar-slagr are names of poems); hann tók hörpu sína
ok drap strengi (struck the strings) til slags, Stj. 458 (hence drápa, a so?ig);
d. e-n vendi, t o s trike with a rod, Skm. 26: to knock, å. á dyrr, or d.
hogg á dyrr, to knock at a door, Nj. 150; síðan gengu þau heim bæði
ok drápu á dyrr, 153; cirápu þar á dyrr, Sturl. iii. 154: metaph., d. á
e-t, to tou c h slightly on a matter; d. botn or keraldi, to knock the bottom
out of a jar, Fms. xi. 34; d. jam, to beat iron (a blacksmith's term)
with a sledge-hammer, Grett. 129, cp. drep-sleggja. 2. esp. with the
sense of violence, to knock, strike; áfallit hafði drepit hann inn í bátinn,
Bs. i. 422; at eigi drepir þú mik í djúp, that thou knockest me not into the
deep, Post. 6568. 9; herða klett drep ek þór hálsi af, Ls. 57. p. as
a law term, to smite, strike; ef maðr drepr (smites) mann, ok varðar þat
skóggang, Grág. ii. 116; eigu menu eigi at standa fyrir þeim inanni er
drepit hefir annan, id.; ef maðr drepr mann svá at bein brotna, 14; nú
vænisk sá maðr því er drap, at..., 15; þat er drep cf bein brotna, ok
verðr sá úæll till dóms er drepit hefir, 16; mi vænisk hinn því, at hann
hafi drepit hann, 19. y- tnc phrases, d. e-n til heljar, Grág. ii.
161, or d. til dauðs, to smite todeath; Josua drap til dauða alia
þjóð Anakim, Stj. 456; d. í hel, id., Hbl. 27; hence 3. metaph.
or ellipt. to kill, pwt todeath, cp. Lat. caedere, Engl. smite; eigi er
manni skylt at d. skógarmann, þótt..., Grág. ii. 162; skulu vór mi fara
at honum ok d. hann, Nj. 205; þar varð ilia með þeim því at Ásgrímr
drap Gaut, 39; til þess at d. Grim, Eg. 114; tóku þeir af eignum jarla
konungs en drápu suma, Fms. i. 6; er drepit hafði fóstra hans ..., eigi hæfir
at d. svá fríðan svein ..., d. skyldi hvern mann er mann údæmðan vá, 80;
konung drápum fyrstan, Am. 97; drap hann (smote with the hammer)
hina öldnu jötna systur, ^kv. 32; d. mátti Freyr hann með hendi
sinni, Edda 23. p. in a game (of chess), to take a piece; þá drap
jarl af honum riddara, Fms. iv. 366; îaflsins er hann hafði drepit, vi. 29;
Hvítserkr hélt töfl einni er hann hafði drepit, Fas. i. 285. y. adding
prepp. af, niðr, to slaughter, kill off'; þótt hirðmenn þínir so drepnir niðr
sem svín, Fms. vii. 243: d. af, to slaughter (cattle); yxni fimm, ok d. af,
Ísl. ii. 330; láttu mik d. af þenna lyð, Post. 656 B. 9. 4. metaph.
phrases; d. e-m skúta, to taunt, charge one with; áfelli þat er konungr
drap oss skvita um, Fms. iv. 310; hjarta drepr stall, the heart knocks as it
were against a block of stone from fear, Hkr. ii. 360, Orkn., Fbr. 36 (hence
stall-dræpt hjarta, a ' block-beating'faint heart): d. upp eld, to strike fire,
Fms. iv. 338: d. sik or droma, to throw off the fetter, Edda 19: d. e-t undir
sik, to kn oc k or dra g- down, skahii standa hjá er fjandi sá drepr mik undir
sik, Grett. 126, 101 A: d. slóð, to make a slot or sleuth (trail); d. kyrtlarnir
slóðina, the cloaks trailed along the ground so as to lea. vea track, Gísl. 154:
to trail or w ake a tr ac k of droves or deer, Lex. Poët.: d. e-t út, to divulge a
thing (in a bad sense), Fms. vi. 208; d. yfir e-t, to hide, suppress,, dTzp hann
brátt yfir (he soo n mastered) harm sinn, Bs. i. 140 (hence yfir-drep, hyp o-
c ri s y, i. e. cloaking). II. reflex., drepask, to perish, die, esp. of
beasts; fé hans drapsk aldrei af megrð ok drephríðum, Eb. 150; drapsk allt
hans folk, Fms. v. 250. 2. recipr. to put one another to death; þá
drepask bræðr fyrir ágirni sakar, Edda 40; mi drepask merm (smite one
another), eðr særask eðr vegask, Grág. ii. 92; ef menu d. um nætr, Fms.
vii. 296; er sjálfir bárusk vápn á ok drápusk, viii. 53; en er bændr fundu
at þeir drápusk sjálfir, 68; drepask niðr á ieið fram, Ld. 238; drepask
menn fyrir, to killone another's men, Fms. vii. 17?! görðisk af því
fjandskapr með þeim Steinólfi svá at þeir drápusk þar (menn ?) fyrir, Gullþ.
14. III. impers., drepr honum aldregi ský (acc.) í augu, hi s eyes
never get clouded, of the eagle flying in the face of the sun, Hom. 47;
ofrkappit (acc.) drepr fyrir þeim (their high spirits break down) þegar
hamingjan brestr, Fms. vi. 155; drap þó heldr í fyrir honum, he rather
grew worse, i. e. his eyes . gr ew weaker, Bjarn. 59; nú drcpr ór hljóð (acc.)
fyrst or konunginum, the kin g" became silent at once, Fms. xi. 115; stall
drepr or hjarta e-s, Fbr. 36 (vide above, I. 4); ofan drap flaugina (acc.),
the flaug wa s knocked down, Bs. 1. 422; regn drepr í gögnum e-t, the rain
beats through the thatch or cover, Fagrsk. 123 (in a verse). p. in
mod. usage, drepa is even used in the sense to drip (= drjupa), e. g. þak,
hús drepr, the thatch, house lets water
B. WITH DAT,; I. denoting gentle movement; in many cases