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denoting ten, so that 'eleven, twelve' are formed just like
thirteen, four-
teen, etc.
él-ligr, adj. [él], stormy, Vápn. 51.
ellri (eldri), compar. elder, and ellstr (eldstr), superl,
eldest; vide
gamall.
elma, u, f. [almr], a branch, twig, Mar. 183.
-eln, adj. in compds, tví-e., þrí-e., etc.,
two, three ...ells long.
elna, að, [cp. Goth. aljanon; A. S. elnjan -- aemulari]
to wax, grow,
a medic. term, in the phrases, sótt elnar á hendr e-m, the
fever grows
upon one's bands, i. e. becomes worse; en sótt
elnaðiá hendr Gizuri
biskupi, Bs. i. 69; þá enaði sótt á hendr
Kveldúlfi, en er dró at því at
hann var banvænn, etc., Eg. 126; e-m einar sótt, id.; ok
elnar honum
sóttin, Band. 14; en Lopthænu einaði sóttin (of a woman
in labour),
Fas. ii. 162; sótt elnaði við Lopthænu, 504.
elptr, f. = álpt, a swan, Str. 52, 62, etc.
elrir, m. . and elri, n. the alder-tree, Lat. alnus, A. S.
alor, aler, Germ,
erle, Edda (Gl.), Ó. H. 250, Fbr. 10.
elska, að, to love, love dearly, with acc.; elskaðr sem
sá er framast
elskaði sannan Guð, Fs. 80; konungr elskaði Hákon meir en
nokkurn
annan mann, Fms. i. 17; Birkibeinar elskuðu því meir sveininn,
sem...,
ix. 244; halt vel trú þína ok elska Gnð, ii. 255;
Hrafnkell elskaði ekki
annat goð meir enn Frey, Hrafn. 4; kona þess hins rika maims
elskaði
Joseph, Sks. 455: hann sá at Guð elskaði David (acc.), 708; ok er
sva
auðr svá sem hann er elskaðr til, 442.2. reflex., elskask
at e-m, to
grow fond of; þorkell var lengi með jarlinum ok elskaðisk at
honum,
Fms. iv. 217 ('elskaði' at jarli, act., Ó. H. 93, is scarcely right).
β.
recipr. to love one another; höfðu þau
Jón elskask frá barnæsku, Bs. i.
282; þessir ungu menu elskask sin í millum mjök hjartanliga,
655 xxxii.
20. Icel. have a playful rhyme referring to lovers, running thus -- elskar
hann (hún) mig, |af öllu hjarta,|ofrheitt UNCERTAIN harla
lítið |og ekki neitt,
which calls to mind the scene in Göthe's Faust, where Gretchen plucks
off the petals of the flower with the words, liebt mich -- nicht -- licbt
mich -- nicht.
ELSKA, u, f. (ælska, Barl. 6, O. H. L.), [this word is peculiar to
the
Scandin. races; it is probably derived from él and an inflexive,
sk, and
properly means storm, whence metaph. passion; the Swedes and Danes
have not the single word, but álskog and elskov, qs. elsk-
hogr; Icel.
elskhugi or elskogi] :-- love; með Guðs elsku ok náungs,
Hom. 48;
hafa elsku á e-m, to love one, Bs. i. 36; mikla elsku hafði
jarl á konungs
svni, Fms. ix. 242; vit höfum lengi saman haldit okkarri elsku, vii. 140;
svá mikla ást sem þú hefir á hinum digra
manni ok elsku við hann lagt,
iv. 182. COMPDS: elsku-band, n. a bond of love, Mar. elsku-
bragð, n. a deed of love, Mar. 220. elsku-fullr,
adj. full of love,ERROR Barl.
179. elsku-geð, n.a loving kindness, Pass. 30. II. elsku-
gras,
n. love's flower, vide brönugrös s. v. brana, p. 76.elsku-
lauss, adj.
loveless, and elsku-leysi, n. want of love, Lex. Poët.
elsku-merki,
n. a love token. elsku-semi, f. lovingness. elsku-
vattr, m. a
love token. Elska never occurs as a verb or noun in old heathen poets;
Arnor is the first poet on record who uses it; old writers prefer using
ást; with Christianity, and esp. since the Reformation, it gained ground;
GREEK of the N. T. is usually rendered by elska (to love) and GREEK by
elska (love) or kærleiki (chanty); so, mann-elska,
humanity, kindness.
elskandi, part. a lover, Greg. 30.
elskan-liga, adv. lovingly, 655 xxxii. 17.
elskan-ligr, adj. beloved, N. T.
elskari, a, m. a lover, Barl. 88, 187, Karl. 545, Mar. 197,
(rare.)
elsk-hugi or elsk-ogi, a, m. [Swed. älskog; Dan.
el s kov], love, Edda
21; vináttu ok elskhuga, Stj. 8; ástúð ok e., 130, Bev.
8 (Fr.) ; elskugi
(ælskugi), Barl. 6: a sweetheart, minn sæti herra ok
á-gætr elskugi (my
love), Fb. i. 514.
elskr, adj., in the phrase, e. at e-m, fondly attached to one, fond of
one, of the attachment of children, or to children; hann var elskr at
Agli, he loved the boy Egil, Eg. 187; Egill (the father) mini honum
mikit, var Böðvarr (the child) ok e. at honum, 599: also used of
animals, ok svá elskir hvarr at öðrum, at hvárr rann
eptir öðruiii, two
steeds that never left one another, Nj. 81; hann (the ox) er injok elskr
at mér, Fms. iii. 132; hence mann-elskr, of pet lambs or tamed animals
(but never used of cats, dogs, or animals that are constant companions of
man); heima-e., home-loving, one who never leaves the hearth, Fs. 4.
elsku-liga, adv. lovingly, heartily, Fms. i. 140.
elsku-ligr, adj. loving; e. alvara, warm affection. Fms.
iii. 63, K. Á. 22:
dear, beloved, þitt e. andlit, 655 xxxii. 7; e. sonr, Th. 7; var
henni mjök
e., Fms. i. 8l; GREEK of the N. T. is usually rendered by elskuligr.
él-skúr, f. a snow-shower, Sks. 227.
ELTA, t, to chase, with acc.; þeir eltu einn hjört,
Flóv. 27 ; elta dýr
á spori, Barl. 199; e. sauði, to run after sheep, in order to
fetch them
back, Nj. 27, Korm. 28 (in a verse); eltu þjálfa, Hbl. 39;
þeir höfðu
elt af skipum Tryggva konung, they had driven king T. from his ships,
Fms. i. 37; Styrkárr elti þá suðr í
Karmsund, ix. 54; hljópu á land upp
ok eltu þá, iv. 304, Gullþ. 21; e. öxn með vendi,
to drive cattle with a
goad, Karl. 471,β reflex, to pursue one eagerly; eltask
eptir e-m, ... Fms. ix. 305: Icel. now say, eltask við e-n, e. g. of
catching a horse,
sheep, when grazing wild in an open field. II. t o knead, work;
elta leir, to mix lime, Stj. 247, cp. Exod. i. 14. 2. a tanner's
term;
e. skinn, to tan a hide, i. e. rub, scratch it, so as to make it
soft; ek skal
yðra húð elta með klungrum, Stj. 395. Judges viii. 7; elt
skinn, tanned
hide; óelt skinn, rough hide, (freq.) 3. = velta, t o
overthrow, in
the Runic phrase, at rita sa varþi es ailti stain þansi eþa
heþan dragi,
Rafn 188, 194.
elting, f., chiefly in pl. pursuing, chasing, Fms, vii. 128, 294,
Fs.
50. II. botan., proncd. elking, [Swed. ältgras] , spearwort,
equisetum vulgare, arvense, Björn.
eltur, f. pl. pursuing, Fms. vii. 407, viii. 406, Róm. 276.
Embla (in Ub. spelt Emla), u, f. a mythol. word, which only occurs
in Vsp. 17; and hence in Edda (where it is said that the gods found two
lifeless trees, the askr (ash)ERROR and the embla; of the ash they
made man, of the embla (woman))ERROR, it is a question what
kind of tree the embla was;
some suggest a metathesis, qs. emla from ahnr, elm, but the compound
emblu-askr, in one of Egil's poems, seems to shew that the embla was in
some way related to the ash.
embætta, tt, mod. að, to attend, wait upon, with dat.;
e. gestum, t o
wait upon guests; kann vera at Guð yðvarr sé á
málstefnu, eðr eiíi
gestum at e., Stj. 593. I Kings xviii. 27; eigi samneytti hon, heldr e.
hon, she ate not with the people, but waited on them, 655 xxxi A. 3; e.
fé, to serve the cattle, to milk, Ísl. ii. 334,
482.2. eccl. to say mass,
to celebrate the eucbarist, D. N. β. in mod. usage since the Reforma-
tion, to officiate as a clergyman.
embætti (embuð, Anecd. 38), n. [Germ, amt; Dan.
embede; as to
the root vide ambátt, p. 19], service, office; bjóða.
e-m af e., to depose
one from office, Bs. i. 550; Guðs e., Hom. 121, 160, Stj. 613. 2 Kings
iv.
13; mikit e., hard work, a great task, Hom. 153; veita e-m e. . to
serve
one, Fms. viii. 332, 406; bindask í e-s e., to enter one's
service, Sks. 357;
fremja e., to perform a service, Bs. i. 426; Guðligt e., holy
service, Fms,
ii. 198; heilagt skirnar e., holy baptism, i. 148: officiating at
mass,
D. N. 2. in mod. use, a. divine service, answering to 'mass'
in the Roman church; fyrir, eptir e., before, after service. p. in a
secular sense, [Germ, ami, Dan. embede], a public office.
COMPDS:
embættis-færr, adj. able to perform one's duties, Ann.
1332. em-
bættis-görð, f. officiating (of a clergyman), Bs.
i. 811. embættis-
lauss, adv. holding no office (of a priest), Sturl. ii. 118.
embættis-maðr, m. a minister (priest), Hom. 119, Sks.
162, Fms. v. 146: in mod.
use, embættismaðr, -lauss, etc. ( -- Germ, beamter, Dan.
embedsman)
mean an officer, chiefly in a secular sense.
emendera, að, to amend (Lat. word), Fb. i. 517.
EMJA, að, to h ow l, Fms. vi. 150. x. 383, Fas. i. 213,
656 B. 10,
Fagrsk. 8.
emjan, f. howling, Fs. 44.
EN, disjunctive conj.; in MSS. spelt either en or enn, [a particle
peculiar to the Scandin.; in Danish men; in Swedish both men, än,
and
endast; Norse enn and also men. Ivar Aasen] :-- but;
en ef hann hefir,
þá..., but if he has, then..., Grág. i. 261; en ef menn
gefa þeini
mat, id.; en heima mun ek sitja, but í will stay at home, Fms. vi.
100;
en fjöldi féll, but a great many fell, Fas. ii. 514; eyrum
hlýðir en
augum skoðar, Hm. 7; en ekki eigu annarra manna orð, Grág. i.
84, 99,
171; en Skíðblaðnir skipa. en jóa Sleipnir, en hunda
garmr, Gin. 44;
en ór sveita sjár, en or beinum björg, Vþm. 21; and
passim. It is even
used with a slight conjunctive sense; þykki mér sem
því muni úhægt
saman at koma, kappi þinu ok dirfð 'en' skaplyndi konungs,
methinks
it will be hard to make the two things go together, thy vehemence and
rashness 'and' (on the other hand) the temper of the
king. Eg. 521; ek
kann ráðum Gunnhildar 'en' kappsemd Egils, I know the devices of
Gunnhilda ' and' (on the other hand) Egil's eagerness, 257: used in
nar-
ratives to begin a sentence, merely denoting the progress of the tale,
much the same as ' and' cp. the use of auk III, p. 33; thus in
Ýt. some
verses begin with 'en, ' -- Eu dagskjarr ..., 2, 3, 14, 23; En Gunnlaugr
grimman tainði. Hit.; En Hróalds ú höfuðbaðmi,
Ad. 19, without any
disjunctive notion.
EN, temporal adv., better spelt enn, [prob. akin to endr and eðr,
q. v.] :-- yet, still; þú hefir enn eigi
(not yet) heyrða kenning Drottins,
Mar. 656 A. ii. 14; vildi hann enn svá, Fms. i. II; at hann mundi enn
svá göra, vi. 100; þá ríkir hann enn fyrir mik, Al.
29; til betri tima en
(than) enn (still) er kominn, Sks. 596 B.2. before a
comparative;
enn síðarr, still later, N. G. L. i. 94; enn betr, still
better; enn fyrr,
still later; enn verri, still worse; enn æðri, still worthier;
enn hærri, still
higher; enn firr. still further off; enn nær, still
nearer; enn heldr, still
more, Sks. 304: separated from the comparative, enn vóru fleiri
dætr
Haralds, the daughters of H. were still more, i. e. H.had more
daughters
yet, Fms. i. 5. β. curious is the use of en (usually spelt in or inn)
in old poems, viz. before a comparative, where in prose the 'en' can
be left out without impairing the sense; thus, hé-lt-a in lengr rúmi,
be kept not his place longer, i. e. ran away, Am. 58;
ráð en lengr dvelja,
to delay no longer, 6I; menu in sælli, a happier
man, Skv. 3. 18; né in