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EYÐISKOGR -- EYRENDL 135
n. a wild rock, skerry, Fs. 18. eyði-skógr, m. a wild 'shaw' (wood), Stj. 485. eyði-staðr, m. a barren place, 655 xiii B, Bs. i. 204. eyði- tröð, f. a desolate lane. Sturl. ii. 209, cp. auða tröð, Hkm. 20. eyði- veggr, m. a deserted building, ruin, Karl. 2. eyði-legging, f. desolation, Matth. xxiv. 15. eyði-leggja, lagði, to lay waste, N. T. eyði-liga, adv. in a forlorn state, Stj. 113. eyði-ligr, adj. empty, in metaph. sense, sad, cheerless; veikligr ok e., weakly and cheerless, Fas. ii. 30; e. veraldar riki, v. 343; ýmislegt né e., 677. 2: medic., e-m er eyðiligt, one feels empty (hollow) and uneasy: also in the phrase, e-t er eyðiligt, strange, unpleasant. eyðsla, u, f. waste, squandering. COMPDS: eyðslu-maðr, m. a spendthrift, þorst. hv. 35. eyðslu-semi, f. extravagance. Ey-firzkr, adj., Ey-firðingar, m. pl. men from Eyjafirth in Icel., Landn. eygir, m. one who frightens, a terror, Lex. Poët. eygja, ð, to furnish with a loop or eye, Fins. xi. 304. β. [Dan. öjne], to see, esp. to see far off, Clar. 176. ey-gló, f. the ever-glowing, poët, the sun, Alm. 17. ey-góðr, adj. [Dan. ejegod], 'ever-good,' cognom. of a Danish king, Fms. xi. EYGR, later form eygðr, which, however, is freq. in MSS. of the 14th century, adj. [auga]:-- having eyes of a certain kind; vel e., with fine eyes, Stj. 460. I Sam. xvi. 12, Nj. 39: e. manna bezt, Ísl. ii. 190, Fms. vi. 438, xi. 79; mjök eygðr, large-eyed, Þorf. Karl. 422; eigi vel eyg, not good looking, Fms, iii. 216; e. mjök ok vel, with large and fine eyes, Eb. 30, Fb. i.545; e. forkunnar vel, with eyes exceeding fine, Fms. iv. 38; esp. freq. in compds: in the Sagas a man is seldom described without marking the colour, shape, or expression ol his eyes, fagr-e., bjart-e., dökk-e., svart-e., blá-e., grá-e., mó-e.; the shape also, opin-e., út-e., inn-e., smá-e., stór-e., etc.; the lustre of the eye, snar-e., fast-e., hvass-e., frán-e., dapr-e., etc.; expressing disease, vát-e., rauð-e., ein-e.; ex- pressing something wrong in the eye, hjá-e., til-e., rang-e., etc., Fél.ix.192. eyj-óttr, adj. full of islands, Fb. i. 541. eyk-hestr, m. a cart-horse, Eg. 149, Fb. ii. 332. eyki, n. a vehicle; hestr ok e., Dropl. 26. EYKR, m., pl. eykir, gen. eykia, [Swed. ök Dan. ög: akin to ok, a yoke]:-- a beast of draught; úlfalda ok eyki, Stj. 393; hross eðr eyk, Grág. i. 434; þat er einn e. má draga, ii. 362; þeir hvildu sik þar ok eyki sína, Eg. 586 (travelling in a sledge); eykja fóðr, fodder for eykr, N.G.L. i. 38: eykr includes oxen, horses, etc.,-- eykjum, hestum ok uxum, cattle, whether horses or oxen, Fms. v. 249; eyk, uxa eðr hross, Jb. 52; uxa ok asna, þá sömu eyki ... , Mar.; hefi ek öngva frétt af at nokkurr þeirra hafi leitt eyki Þórs (of Thor in his wain with the he- goats), Fb. i. 321: metaph., Bs. i. 294. II. the passage Bs. i. 674 --þar er þeir höfðu eykinn búit -- ought to be read 'eikjuna,' vide eikja. eykja-gerfi, n. the harness of an eykr, Ýt. 10; jötuns-e., the giants' e., i. e. a wild ox, poët., 14: in poetry ships are called the eykir of the sea- kings and the sea. eyk-reiði, n. the harness of an eykr, Gþl. 358. EYKT, eykð, f. three or half-past three o'clock P. M.; many commen- taries have been written upon this word, as by Pal Vidalin Skýr., Finn Johnson in H.E. i. 153 sqq. note 6, and in Horologium, etc. The time of eykð is clearly defined in K.Þ.K. 92 as the time when the sun has past two parts of the 'útsuðr' (q.v.) and has one part left, that is to say, half-past three o'clock P.M.: it thus nearly coincides with the eccl. Lat. nona (three o'clock P. M.); and both eykt and nona are therefore used indiscrimi- nately in some passages. Sunset at the time of 'eykð' is opposed to sun- rise at the time of 'dagmál,' q.v. In Norway 'ykt' means a luncheon taken about half-past three o'clock. But the passage in Edda--that autumn ends and winter begins at sunset at the time of eykt--con- founded the commentators, who believed it to refer to the conventional Icel.winter, which (in the old style) begins with the middle of October, and lasts six months. In the latitude of Reykholt--the residence of Snorri-- the sun at this time sets about half-past four. Upon this statement the commentators have based their reasoning both in regard to dagmál and eykt, placing the eykt at half-past four P.M. and dagmál at half-past seven A.M., although this contradicts the definition of these terms in the law. The passage in Edda probably came from a foreign source, and refers not to the Icel. winter but to the astronomical winter, viz. the winter solstice or the shortest day; for sunset at half-past three is suited not to Icel., but to the latitude of Scotland and the southern parts of Scandinavia. The word is also curious from its bearing upon the discovery of America by the ancients, vide Fb. 1. c. This sense (half-past three) is now obsolete in Icel., but eykt is in freq. use in the sense of trihorium, a time of three hours; whereas in the oldest Sagas no passage has been found bearing this sense, -- the Bs. i. 385, 446, and Hem. l.c. are of the 13th and 14th centuries. In Norway ykt is freq. used metaph. of all the four meal times in the day, morning-ykt, midday-ykt, afternoon-ykt (or ykt proper), and even-ykt. In old MSS. (Grág., K.Þ.K., Hem., Heið.S.) this word is always spelt eykð or eykþ, shewing the root to be 'auk' with the fem, inflex. added; it probably first meant the eke-meal, answering to Engl. lunch, and thence came to mean the time of day at which this meal was taken. The eccl. law dilates upon the word, as the Sabbath was to begin at 'hora nona;' hence the phrase, eykt-helgr dagr (vide below). The word can have no relation to átta, eight, or átt, plaga coeli. At present Icel. say, at eykta-mótum, adv. at great intervals, once an eykt, once in three hours. I. half-past three; þá er eykð er útsuðrs-átt er deild í þriðjunga, ok hefir sól gengna tvá hluti en einn ógenginn, K.Þ.K. 92; net skal öll upp taka fyrir eykð, 90; helgan dag eptir eykð, 88; ef þeir hafa unnit á eykð, 94; enda skal hann undan honum hafa boðit fyrir miðjan dag en hinn skal hafa kosit at eykþ, Grág. i. 198; ok á maðr kost at stefna fyrir eykþ ef vill, 395; í þat mund dags er tók út eyktina, Fms. xi. 136; eptir eykt dags, rendering of the Lat. 'vix decima parte diei reliqua,' Róm. 313; þeir gengu til eyktar, ok höfðu farit árla morguns, en er nón var dags, etc., Fs. 176; at eykð dags þá kómu heim húskarlar Barða. Ísl. ii. 329; nú vættir mik at þar komi þér nær eykð dags, 345; var þat nær eykð dags, 349; var hón at veraldligu verki þangat til er kom eykð, þá fór hón til bænar sinnar at nóni, . Hom. (St.) 59. COMPDS: eykðar-helgr, adj. = eykthelgr, Hom. (St.) 13. eyktar-staðr, m. the place of the sun at half-past three P. M.; meira var þar jafndægri en á Grænlandi eðr Íslandi, sól hafði þar eyktar-stað ok dagmála-stað um skamdegi, Fb. i. 539, -- this passage refers to the discovery of America; but in A.A. l.c. it is wrongly explained as denot- ing the shortest day nine hours long, instead of seven; it follows that the latitude fixed by the editors of A.A. is too far to the south; frá jafn- dægri er haust til þess er sól setzk í eykðarstað, þá er vetr til jafndægris, Edda 103. eykðar-tíð, n. the hour of eykð,=Lat. nona, Hom. (St.) 1.c. II. trihorium; en er liðin var nær ein eykt dags, Bs. i. 446; at þat mundi verit hafa meir en hálf eykt, er hann vissi ekki til sín, 385; þessi flaug vanst um eina eykð dags, Hem. (Hb.) eykt-heilagr, adj. a day to be kept holy from the hour of eykt, or half- past three P.M., e.g. Saturday, Grág. i. 395. ey-kyndill, m. 'isle-candle,' cognom. of a fair lady, Bjarn. ey-land, n. an island, Fms. i. 233, xi. 230, Eb. 316. β. the island Öland in Sweden, A.A. 290. ey-lífr, v. eilífr. EYMA, d, [aumr], to feel sore; in the phrase, e. sik, to wail, Hom. 155: reflex., eymask, id., Post.(Fr.) β. impers., in the metaph. phrase, það eymir af e-u, one feels sore, of after-pains, Fas. iii. 222: in mod. usage also of other things, whatever can still be smelt or felt, as if it came from eimr, q.v. eymd (eymð), f. misery, Fms. i. 223, ii. 126, vi. 334, viii. 242: in pl., Stj. 38; af lítilli e., Fas. i. 215. COMPDS: eymðar-skapr and eymdar-háttr, m. wretchedness. eymðar-tíð, f. and eymðar- tími, a, m. time of misery, 655 xxxii. 2. Stj. 404, Karl. 248. eymðar-ligr, adj. (-liga, adv.), pitiful, piteous, Post. eymstr, n., medic. a sore, sore place. EYRA, n., pl. eyru, gen. eyrna, [Lat. auris; Goth, ausô: A. S. eâre; Engl. ear; O.H.G. ôra; Germ, ohr; Swed. öra, öron; Dan. öre, ören]: --an ear; eyrum hlýðir, en augum skoðar, he listens with his ears, but looks with his eyes, Hm. 7:--proverbs, mörg eru konungs eyru, many are the king's ears, Orkn. 252; þar eru eyru sæmst sem óxu, the ears fit best where they grow, i.e. a place for everything and everything in its place, Nj. 80; láta inn um eitt eyrat en út um hitt, to let a thing in at one ear and out at the other; láta e-t sem vind um eyrun þjóta, to let a thing blow like the wind about one's ears, i.e. heed it not; Grími var sem við annat eyrat gengi út þat er Þorsteinn mælti, Brand. 60; svá var sem Kálfi færi um annat eyrat út þótt hann heyrði slíkt talað, Fms. xi. 46; skjóta skolla-eyrum við e-u, to turn a fox's ear (a deaf ear) to a thing; þar er mér úlfs ván er ek eyru sé'k, I can guess the wolf when I see his ears, Fm. 35, Finnb. 244; við eyra e-m, under one's nose, Ld. 100; mæla í e. e-m, to speak into one's ear, Fg. 549; hafa nef í eyra e-m, to put one's nose in one's ear, i.e. to be a tell-tale, Lv. 57; leiða e-n af eyrum, to get rid of one, Ísl. ii. 65; setja e-n við eyra e-m, to place a person at one's ear, of an unpleasant neighbour, Ld. 100; UNCERTAIN (hnefann) við eyra Hými, gave Hymir a box on the ear, Edda 36; e-m loðir e-t í eyrum, it cleaves to one's ears, i. e. one remembers, Bs. i. 163; reisa, sperra eyrun, to prick up the ears, etc.; koma til eyrna e-m, to come to one's ears, Nj. 64; roðna út undir bæði eyru, to blush from ear to ear. COMPDS: eyrna-blað, n. (Sks. 288, v.l.), eyrna-blaðkr, m., eyrna-snepill, m. (Korm. 86, H. E. i. 492), the lobe of the ear. eyrna-búnaðr, m. (Stj. 396), eyrna-gull, n. (Stj. 311, 396), eyrna-hringr, m. ear-rings. eyrna- lof, n. 'ear-praise,' vain praise, Barl. 63. eyrna-mark, n. ear-crop- ping, of animals, Grág. ii. 308, cp. 309, Jb. 291. eyra-runa, u, f. a rowning of secrets in one's ear, poët, a wife, Vsp. 45, Hm. 116. eyrna-skefill, m. an ear-pick. II. some part of a ship, Edda (Gl.) β. a handle, e.g. on a pot. γ. anatom., óhljóðs-eyru, the auricles of the heart. δ. hunds-eyru, dogs-ears (in a book). eyra-rós, f., botan. a flower, epilobium montanum, Hjalt. EYRENDI or öreneji, erendi, n. [A. S. ærend = mandatum; Engl. errand; Hel. arundi; O.H.G. arunti; Swed. ärende; Dan. œrende; akin to árr, a messenger, vide p. 45, and not, as some suggest, from