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graf-kyrr, adj. quiet as if rooted to the spot.
graf-letr, n. an epitaph.
grafningr, m. or f. expounding, Stj. 412. II. a local name,
Graveling, in Flanders, Thom.
graf-silfr, n. a buried treasure, Landn. 146, 243.
graf-skript, f. an epitaph, (mod.)
graf-svín, m. a battering swine = a battering ram, Sks. 412.
graf-tól, n. pl. digging tools, Eg. 398, Eb. 176, Bs. i. 331, Fms. vi. 271.
graf-vitnir, m., poët. a serpent, Lex. Poët.
gram-fullr, adj. dire, Art. 109.
gram-ligr, adj. vexatious, Hom. 143.
GRAMR, adj. [mid. H.G. gram; Dan. gram; gramr and grimmr
(q.v.) are kindred words from a lost strong verb, grimman, gramm] :--
wrath, esp. of the gods, in the heathen oath formula, sé mér goð holl ef
ek satt segi, gröm ef ek lýg, whence the Christian, Guð sé mér hollr ef ek
satt segi, gramr ef ek lýg, N.G.L. ii. 397, 398, (cp. the Engl. so help
me God); goð gramt, Grág. i. 357 : esp. in poetry, gramr er yðr Óðinn,
Fas. i. 501; mér skyli Freyr gramr, Fs. 95; Dönum vóru goð gröm, Fms.
vi. 385. II. gramir or gröm, n. pl. used as subst., fiends, demons;
deili gröm við þik, Hkv. Hund. 1. 40; taki nú allir (allar MS.) gramir
við honum! (a curse), Fs. 147; gramir munu taka þik, segir hann, er
þú gengr til banans, Mork. 43; farþú nú, þars þik hafi allan gramir,
Hbl. (fine); mik taki hár gálgi ok allir gramir ef ek lýg, Fas. i. 214;
hence gramendr, f. pl., qs. grama hendr : farið ér í svá gramendr allir!
Dropl. 23, (vide tröll, tröllendr); glama með grömum, Hm. 30. III.
in poetry, gramr means a king, warrior, Edda 104, Hkr. i. 25, Lex. Poët. :
name of a mythical sword, Edda.
GRAN, n. a pine-tree, Lex. Poët.; but better fem. grön, q.v.
gran-bein, n. the bone of a fish's gills, Bs. i. 365.
gran-bragð, n. grinning, moving the lips with pain, N.G.L. i. 67 :
granbragðs-eyrir, m. a law term, a fine for an injury causing the pain
of granbragð, 172.
GRAND, n. a grain, Thom.; ekki grand, not a grain. II.
metaph. (prop. a mote?), a hurt, injury, Fms. iii. 80, viii. 112, xi. 228,
277, N.G.L. i. 74 (freq.) 2. in poetry freq. that which causes evil,
ruin, Lex. Poët. 3. evil doing, guile, Symb. 19, Skv. 3. 5 : granda-
lauss, adj. guileless, Lex. Poët. 4. medic. mortification, Al. 120.
granda, að, to hurt, damage, with dat., Fms. i. 31, Sks. 69, Fas. iii.
250, Bs. ii. III (freq.)
grand-gæfiligr, adj. (-liga, adv.), minute, (mod.)
grandi, a, m. an isthmus, a strip of beach above the water at ebb tides,
or on the edge of the snow, Gþl. 419, Stj. 14, Mar.
grand-lauss (mod. grann-laus), adj. guileless, Bær. 21, Al. 106 :
esp. suspecting no evil, single-minded, eg var grannlaus, etc.; hence
grann-leysi, n. singleness of heart, eg gerði það í grannleysi.
grand-ligr, adj. dangerous, Grett. 145.
grandvar-liga, adv. without guile, Hom. 141.
grand-varr, adj. guileless, 656 C. 30, Pr. 133, Mar. 291.
grand-veri, f. guilelessness, Róm. 332, Bs. ii. 40, Stj. 302, Hom. 17.
granna, u, f. a female neighbour, Str. 16, 23.
grann-fengr, adj. slender, tiny, Korm. (in a verse).
grann-hygginn, adj. silly, of weak understanding.
GRANNI, a, m. [for etym. see p. 186 A. II], a neighbour, N.G.L. i. 11,
341; granna-stefna, a meeting of neighbours, Gþl. 383; granna sætt, 380 :
the saying, garðr er granna sættir, N.G.L. i. 40, cp. Jb. 258, (freq.)
grann-kona, u, f. = granna, N.G.L. i. 340.
grann-leikr (-leiki), m. slenderness, Bs. ii. 164.
grann-leitr, adj. thin looking, Ld. 274, Fms. i. 185.
grann-liga, adv. tenderly, Skálda 198.
grann-ligr, adj. slender of build, Edda 81, Ld. 274, Eg. 486, Eb. 42.
GRANNR, adj., compar. grennri and grannari, [as to etym., grannr
is prob. akin to grein, a branch, hence the long vowel (vide II); but both
are different from grœenn, green, which is from gróa] :-- thin, slender, very
freq. in mod. usage, = Lat. gracilis, epithet of a lady, Edda 85 (in a verse);
mittis-grannr, thin in the waist : in gramm. single, of vowels, opp. to
digr, of diphthongs; þat hljóð er grannara, Skálda 177 : neut. grannt,
adv. nicely; ör-grannt, id. II. it appears with a long vowel in
grón (or gr&aolig-acute;n UNCERTAIN, qs. grönn) ván, thin, slender hope, Gísl. 66 (in a verse);
friðv&aolig-acute;n UNCERTAIN segi gr&aolig-acute;na UNCERTAIN (granna), Sturl. iii. 216 (in a verse); and perhaps also
in grón lind, a thin, slender shield, Edda 106 (in a verse).
grann-vaxinn, part. slender of stature, Fms. vii. 175, Bs. ii. 164.
grann-vitr, adj. thin-witted, silly.
gran-rauðr, adj. [grön], red bearded, a nickname = Barbarossa. Fms. xii.
gran-selr, m. a kind of seal, Sks., Fms. ii. 270.
gran-síðr, adj. long bearded, Akv. 34.
gran-sprettingr, m. [cp. Dan. grönskolling], =Lat. puber, Róm. 304.
gran-stæði, n. the lips, where the beard grows, Eg. 304.
GRAS, n. [Ulf. gras = GREEK ; A.S. græ and gærs; Engl.
grass; Germ, gras; Swed. and Dan. gras] :-- grass, herbage, opp. to
wood, trees, Vsp. 3, Fm. 25, Hm. 20; hrísi ok grasi, 120; grös ok viðu,
Rb. 78; fölr sem gras, Nj. 177; góðir landa-kostir at grösum ok skógum,
Fs. 26; svá er sagt, at á Grænlandi eru grös góð, good pastures, Sks. 44
new Ed.; reyta gras, to pick grass, Nj. 118; þar var náliga til grass
at ganga (better görs), Ld. 96; bíta gras, to graze, Grág. ii. 299; gras
grær, grass grows, Edda 145 (pref.); tak af reiðinginn ok fær hestinn
á gras, Sturl. iii. 114; þú ætlaðir mik þat lítilmenni at ek munda hirða
hvar hestar þínir bitu gras, Fs. 57; þar þótti Grelöðu hunangs-ilmr ór
grasi, Landn. 140 : vegetation, in such phrases as, þar sem mætist gras ok
fjara, grass and beach, Dipl. iii. 11 : the grassy earth, opp. to a wilderness
or the sea, þat var í ofanverðum grösum, high up, near the wilderness,
Dropl. 33; allt austr undir jökla sem grös eru vaxin, Landn. 65 :--
phrases, hníga í gras, to bite the dust, Ísl. ii. 366; mun ek hafa mann
fyrir mik áðr ek hníga at grasi, Njarð. 378; lúta í gras, id., Fbr. 90 new
Ed.; heyra gras gróa, to hear the grass grow (of the god Heimdal),
cp. Edda 17 : sugared language is said to make the grass grow, við hvert
orð þótti grös gróa, Clar.; þau vóru orðin, at gróa þóttu grösin við,
Mirm. : ganga eptir e-m með grasið í skónum, to go after one with grass
in one's shoes, i.e. to beg hard, intercede meekly with one who is cross
and angry. 2. a herb, a kind of grass; ek hefi þat eitt gras, etc.,
Fms. ix. 282; af grasi því er vér köllum hvann-njóla, x. 336 : esp. in plur.
herbs with healing powers, þau grös sem mandragore heita, Stj. 175; afl
dauðfærandi grasa, Johann. 26; með góðum grösum, Blas. 43; ilmuð
grös, sweet herbs, Bb. 2. 20; tína grös, to clean grass, pick the moss clean :
-- botan. in plur., Iceland moss, Jb. 310; and in composition, brönu-grös,
mandrake; esp. of lichens, fjalla-grös, fell lichen, Lichen Islandicus;
fjöru-grös, seaweeds, sea-wrack; Gvendar-grös, id.; Mariu-grös, lichen
nivalis; Munda-grös, lichen coacervatus edilis; trölla-grös, lichen albus.
COMPDS: grasa-fjall, n., in the phrase, fara á grasafjall, to go gathering
moss. grasa-fó1k, n. folk gathering moss. grasa-grautr, m. a
porridge of Iceland moss. grasa-leit, f. herb-gathering, Pm. 7.
grasa-mjólk, f. milk cooked with Iceland moss. grasa-poki, a, m. a
grass-poke, of Iceland moss. UNCERTAIN In derivative compds, blá-gresi, geranium;
star-gresi, sedge; íll-gresi, evil grass, weeds; blóm-gresi, flowers, etc.
grasa, að, to collect moss.
grasaðr, part. prepared with herbs (of mead), Ó.H. 71, Barl. 136.
gras-bítr, m. a 'grass-biter,' a beast, brute, Nj. (in a verse), freq.
gras-blettr, m. a grass-plot.
gras-dalr, m. a grassy dale, Karl. 14.
gras-garðr, m. a garden, Hkr. i. 71, Gþl. 178, Fas. i. 530 : hortus,
þat köllum vér g., Stj. 68, Bs. i. 698, N.T., Pass. (Gethsemane). gras-
garðs-maðr, m. a gardener, D.N.
gras-gefinn, part. grassy, fertile.
gras-geilar, f. pl. grassy lanes, Hrafn. 20.
gras-geiri, a, m. a grass goar, strip of grass.
gras-gott, n. adj. a good crop of grass, Fb. i. 522.
gras-grænn, adj. grass-green, Sks. 49.
gras-hagi, a, m. a grass pasture.
gras-kyn, n. grass kind, the species 'grass,' Stj. 389.
gras-laukr, m. a kind of leek, garlic, Hom. 150.
gras-laust, adj. without grass, barren.
gras-leysa (-lausa), u, f. 'grasslessness,' barren ground; í graslausu,
Grág. i. 383, Sturl. i. 121, 127, ii. 128, Ann. 1181.
gras-leysi, n. barrenness, Sturl.
gras-ligr, adj. grassy, Hom. 37.
gras-loðinn, adj. rich in grass, Ld. 156, Fas. iii. 276; mýrar víðar ok
grasloðnar, Bs. i. 118; but gras-loðnur, f. pl. a rich crop, 306, l.c.
gras-lægr, adj. lying in the grass, touching the grass, Hkr. i. 293, (of
a ship's keel); a scythe is called graslægr, if it cuts too close.
gras-maðkr, m. a grass maggot.
gras-mikill, adj. rich in grass, Konr. 56.
gras-nautn, f. the use of grass (grazing), Grág. ii. 222, Jb. 215, Vm. 48, 79.
gras-rán, n. grass-stealing, N.G.L. i. 40. grasráns-baugr, m. a
law term, a fine payable for grazing one's cattle in another's field, N.G.L.
i. 40, Js. 99.
gras-rætr, f. pl. roots of herbs or grass, Bs. ii. 81, Sks. 48.
gras-setr, n. 'grass-farming,' opp. to sowing and tilling; þrjú ár seri
hann jörðina ok fjórða sat hann gras-setri, D.N. ii. 248.
gras-skaði, a, m. loss in crop, D.N.
gras-sótt, f. grass-fever, in a pun, Fb. ii. 365.
gras-svörðr, m. greensward.
gras-toppr, m. grass-top, Bb. 2. 23.
gras-tó, f. a strip of grass among rocks or in a wilderness, Fbr. 156.
gras-vaxinn, part. grown with grass, Str. 4, Gþl. 405.
gras-verð, n. a fine for grazing, = grasránsbaugr, Gþl. 405.
gras-víðir, m. a kind of willow, salix herbacea, Hjalt.
gras-völlr, m. a grassy plain, Str. 4, Art.
gras-vöxtr, m. growth of grass, crop.
graut-nefr, m. a nickname, porridge nose, Sturl.
GRAUTR, m., gen. grautar, [A.S. grut, gryt; Engl. groats; Dan.
gröd; Swed. gröt; Ivar Aasen graut; hence Germ. grütze] :-- porridge,
a favourite mess with Scandin. peasants, see the tale of Grautar-Halli,