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töf, f., gen. tafar, [tefja], a delay, hindrance; mikil töf; vera e-m til tafar, to be a hindrance to one. tafar-laust, n. adj. without delay.
töfl, f. [tafl], a tablet, a piece in a game, Fms. vi. 29, Fas. i. 285.
töfr, töfra, töfrar, see taufr.
töfring, f. a delay, D.N. v. 622.
töggla, að, to tug; er tögglað hefir eyrendin fram, Skálda H. 7. 63; tögglast á e-u, to harp on the same thing.
tögr, m. ten, = tigr, q.v.
töku-, see taka.
tök-vísi, f. rapacity: tök-víss, adj. rapacious, Hom. 19, MS. 645. 83.
tölta, að, [A.S. tealtjan; Engl. tilt], to 'tilt,' amble; hence also tölt, n. an ambling pace; hóf-tölt, 'hoof-tilt.'
tölu-, see tala.
tölugr, adj. well-spoken, Fas. iii. 269.
töl-vísi, f. skill in numbers, arithmetic, Edda 110, Clem. 33.
töl-víss, adj. skilled in arithmetic, Clem. 33; as a nickname, Bjarni inn tölvísi, of a learned Icel. of the 12th century, Rb.
TÖNG, f., gen. tangar, pl. tangir and tengr: the gen. tangu, Þd., refers to a form tanga, u, f., dat. töngu, Sturl. i. 121 (vellum), but else töng; [A.S. tanga; Engl. tongs; Germ. zange; Dan. tang; cp. tangi] :-- a smith's tongs; tangir ok tól, Vsp.; dregit á með rauðum steini hamarr ok töng, fyrir því at smiðr var faðir hans, Þiðr. 98; hamar, töng ok steðja, Edda 9; tók Geirröðr með töng járnsíu glóandi, 61; skerðu til járnsins svá at vel megi ná með tönginni, ... síðan tók Þormóðr töngina ok kipði braut örinni, Ó.H. 223; drógu tveir karlar beinit með töngu, Sturl. i. 121 (töng, Bs. i. 425, l.c.); eigi þykkjumk ek slíkar tengr séð hafa, such tiny tongs, i.e. limbs so poorly knit, Grett. 119; kalla má höndina long axla, Edda; tangar-armr, the tongs-fork, Þiðr. 96; spenni-t., klýpi-t., 'clip-tongs,' pincers: in N.G.L. i. 349 for 'töng' eða reipi, read 'taug' eða reipi. tangar-hald, n. a tongs-hold.
TÖNN, f., this word (like nagl, q.v.) was originally a masc. tann or tannr, like maðr, mannr, of which gender there are remnants in pr. names, Hildi-tannr, gen. Hildi-tanns, Edda (in a verse); dat. Hildi-tanni, see hildr B; it then became fem, tönn, gen. tannar, dat. acc. tönn, gen. pl. tanna, dat. tönnum; nom. pl. tenn (as if from maðr), skakkar tenn rhymes with menn, Skíða R. 5, 9; litlar tenn, Al. 3; with article, tennrnar, Fms. xi. 139; brjóta tenn ór höfði manns, Grág. ii. 11; acc. tennar, Bs. i. 641, l. 21 (perh. an error); old poët. pl. teðr rhyming with veðr, Lex. Poët.; mod. plur. is tönnur: [a word common to all Indo-Germ. languages; Goth. tunþus; A.S. tóð; Engl. tooth, pl. teeth; O.H.G. zand; Germ. zahn; Dan. and Swed. tand; Lat. dent-is; Gr. GREEK] :-- a tooth, including the sense of tusk; teðr hans, Eluc. 49; ór tönnum, Nj. 185; með tönnum, Eg. 233: phrases, glotta um tönn, or við tönn, to grin scornfully, Edda 30, Nj. 182, Ó.H. 114; rjóða tönn á e-m, to redden one's teeth, taste blood, metaph. from a beast of prey; hefi ek nú nakkvat roðit tönn á þeim er ek tók höndum Hákon jarl, Ó.H. 32: allit., tönn ok tunga, hafa tönn og tungu á öllu, to have tooth and tongue on everything, of a quick-witted child learning to speak; tungan vefst um tönn, see tunga; tungan leikr við tanna sár, the tongue touches on the tooth-wound, a saying, Mkv.; tæja tanna, see tæja; fram-tennr, the front teeth. 2. a tusk (of the walrus), Krók. ch. 9, Bs. i. 641; biskups-staf af tönn görvan ... grafa tönn, to carve, Bs. i. 143, cp. Skíða R. 199: a thing worked in walrus-tusk, Máríu-skript með tönn ..., húslker með tönn, Vm. 22, 54; buðkr með tönn, B.K. 84: in Icel. an ivory box, scent-box, snuff-box, or the like, is called tönn. 3. metaph. the tooth or iron of a plane, hefil-tönn: poët., lagar-tönn, 'sea-tooth' = a stone; foldar tönn, 'earth-tooth,' id., Lex. Poët.: the golden teeth of Heimdal, the Lucifer of the Northern mythology, represent the rays of the dawn. 4. hildi-tönn, a dog-tooth, usually called víg-tönn; skögul-tönn or skæl-tönn, a tusk; cp. tann-. COMPDS: tanna-far, n. tooth-marks. tanna-gangr, m. a tearing with the teeth, of beasts, Fas. iii. 378. tanna-gnastran, f. a gnashing of teeth, Fms. iii. 168; so also, tanna-gnistran, f., N.T. (gnísta tönnum).
tönnla, að, to attack with the teeth, backbite, quarrel; ... þér tönnlið ok upp etið hverr annan innbyrðis, Gal. v. 15; tönnlast og tyggjast, to quarrel.
töpun, see tapan.
törgu-, see targa.
töstugr, adj. harsh.
tötrug-hypja, u, f. a tattered frock, Rm., Hkv. Hjörv.
tötrugr, adj. tattered, torn, Fas. i. 30, Hom. (St.)
TÖTURR, m., dat. tötri, pl. tötrar; or better tötturr with tt, and so töttrar, Barl. 60, l. 5; töttrug, Hkv. 1. 43 (Bugge); hvatt and töttra make a rhyme, Fms. vii. 153; [Engl. tatters] :-- tatters, rags; margir tötrar saman vafðir, Fær. 187; vefju saumaða saman af mörgum tötrum, Fbr. 92 new Ed.; slitnum tötri, Bs. i. 381; svartr fats-töturr, 506; undan tötrum hans, því hann var ílla klaeddr, Fas. i. 230; var þar ekki í nema tötrar ok þat er öngu var nýtt, Fms. vi. 379, vii. 153 (in a verse). 2. hence mod. tetr, n. in speaking to one, poor! poor thing! so and so; tetrið, tetrið að tarna! COMPDS: tötra-baggi, a, m. a rag-bag, Fær. 186, Fms. ii. 59. töttra-bassi, a, m. a ragamuffin, Glúm. 328.
U-Ú
U (ú), the twentieth letter, was represented in the Runic alphabet, both on the stone in Tune and in the later Runes, by RUNE, and was called úr, Skálda 176, -- úr er af eldu járni, the Runic poem: u is sounded like eu in Fr. feu, ö in Germ. hören; ú like oo in Engl. root. In mod. Engl. the Icel. ú is represented by ou, ow, e.g. Icel. út, hús, búr, = Engl. out, bouse, bower, such words being in Early Engl. written ût, hûs, etc.; they still retain their Scandinavian pronunciation in North England. For the changes between o and u and ó and ú see the introduction to the letter 0, p. 462. As with o, so with u, the words with initial v have, in the Scandinavian languages, dropped that letter, e.g. una = wone; undr = wonder; und = wound; ull = wool; úlfr = wolf.
U
Ubbi, a, m. [A.S. Uffa], a pr. name and a nickname, Skjöld. S., Skíða R.; Úlfr er ubbi var kallaðr, Fms. xi. 212.
Uðr, f. a pr. name, = Unnr: as masc. Uðr, a son of the Night, Edda.
UGGA, pres. uggi; pret. uggði; subj. yggði; imperat. uggi; part. uggat :-- to fear, suspect, apprehend; ugga e-n, uggi eigi þú (fear thou not) Isungs-bana, Hkv. 1. 20; eigi uggi ek bræðr þína, Fas. i. 289; kann vera at þeir uggi oss, Rd. 226; ef maðr uggir. eigi andvitni mót, Gþl. 475; ugga sér e-t, to apprehend; ef hann yggði sér áljót eðr fjörrán, Grág. i. 493; þeir uggðu alls ekki at sér, to apprehend no danger, be off one's guard, Nj. 252, Fms. i. 117, Ld. 262; er þat ugganda (gerund.), it is to be feared, Fms. ii. 286, xi. 98; þeim er ugganda (hugganda Cod.), at, = 'metuendum est, ne,' Hom. 13: with infin., ugga, at viðinn mundi skorta, Fms. vii. 97. 2. impers., mik uggir, at ..., it fears me, I fear that ..., Ísl. ii. 146; hitt mik uggir hann komi eigi aptr heill, Skíða R.
uggi, a, m. a fin of a rish; eyr-uggi, a fore fin; bak-uggi, a back fin; the word seems, strange to say, not to occur in old writers; cp. the following word.
uggiðr or uggaðr, part. 'finned,' provided with fins; hjalt-u. (q.v.)
ugg-lauss, adj. fearless, unconcerned, without apprehension, Harms. 46: neut. ugglaust, as adv. no doubt, undoubtedly, forsooth, Rekst. 6, and freq. in mod. usage.
ugg-ligr, adj. [hence Engl. ugly(?)], to be feared; e-t þykkir uggligt, Fms. iii. 129, Greg. 25, Eb. (in a verse); þat þykki mér uggligt, at ek þurfa skamma hrið ráð at göra fyrir jarli þessum, Orkn. 418: in Fs. 22 read ú-glíkt.
uggr, m. fear, apprehension; mér er uggr á, at ..., Fms. i. 285; hræzlu-uggr, Mar.; görðisk mönnum mikill uggr á um samþykki konunganna, Fms. vi. 221, x. 410; ala ugg of e-t, Edda (in a verse); ráða af hendi mér þenna ugg, Fms. i. 84: allit., með ugg ok ótta, Phil, ii. 12. 2. = Yggr, a name of Odin, Edda.
-uggr, adj., in ör-uggr, q.v.
ugg-víss, adj. = uggligr, Fær. 116.
UGLA, u, f. [A.S. ule; Engl. owl; Germ. eule; Dan. ugle; Lat. &u-short;l&u-short;la]:-- an owl, Al. 169; nátt-ugla. II. metaph. a hook-formed clothes-peg is called ugla, from the resemblance to an owl's beak. 2. a part of a ship, a tally(?).
ULL, f., dat. ullu; [Goth. wulla; A.S. wull; Engl. wool; O.H.G. wolla; Germ. wolle; Dan.-Swed. uld or ull; cp. Lat. vellus] :-- wool, Fms. v. 314, Fs. 44; sauða-ullar, Grág. i. 505; í ullu eða gærum, K.Þ.K. 148; fé gilt ok í ullu, Grág. i. 503; ullar-tíund, H.E. i. 395; ær ok af ullin, Sturl. i. 159; hvít, svört, mórauð, mislit ull; haust-ull: greiða, tægja, kemba, spinna ull. 2. with gen. woollen; ullar-skyrta, ullar-sokkar, ullar-peysa, etc. COMPDS: ullar-hnoðri, ullar-lagðr, m. a flock or lock of wool, Grett. 127, Edda 74. ullar-reyfi, n. a fleece, Ver. 25, Grág. ii. 401.
ull-band, n. woollen yarn, Fas. iii. 240.
ull-góðr or ullar-góðr, adj. of good wool or well-fleeced.
ull-hvítr, adj. white as wool, Fms. x. 321.
ull-höttr, m. wool-hood, a nickname, Vápn.
ullir, m. a tree, = yllir, Edda (Gl.)
ull-kambr (ullar-kambr), m. a wool-comb, Fas. iii. 471, Grett. 91, Blas. 44.
ull-laupr, m. a wool-chest, Orkn. 28.
Ullr and Ulli, m. [akin to Goth. wulþus = glory], the name of one of the gods, the step-son of Thor, Edda, Gm. 2. Ulli, a dimin. = Erlendr, Hkr. i, see Gramm.
ull-serkr, m. a nickname, Fms. x.
ull-strengr, m. a nickname, Fms. vii.
ull-þel, n. soft wool (see þel), Pm. 61.
UM, umb, of, prep. (sounded umm); umb is used in the oldest vellums (the Eluc., Greg., Miracle-book, Jb.), and occurs now and then in later vellums (e.g. Orkn. 218, Fms. x. 378, xi. 63, 64), perh. from being a transcript of an old vellum; in rhymes, umb, trumbu, Fms. viii. (in a