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vér vildim, Ld. 236; hvat undir mun búa bæn þessi, Eg. 764; þat bjó mest undir ferð Áka, at ..., Fms. xi. 45; jarl spyrr hvat undir kveðju sé, Fas. iii. 567. III. ellipt. or adverbial usages; vóru þau úbrunnin undir, underneath, Nj. 208; mér þótti hann vera í rauðum hosum undir, 214; var þar undir niðri skógr, Eg. 580; meðan töður manna eru undir, whilst the hay is down, of hay mown, but not got in, Nj. 192; hart mun þykkja u. at búa, 90. 2. at þat sé eigi verr undir, enn vara, of not less value, substance, K.Þ.K. 172; ef mér þætti nökkut u. um mik, if I thought it mattered aught, Nj. 19; þykki mér mikit u., at ..., does it matter much to thee? 65; hverjum manni muni þykkja nokkut undir, at ..., Sturl. i. 176.
B. With acc., under, underneath, Lat. sub, denoting motion; var settr undir hann stóll, Nj. 269; koma fótum undir sik, 202; fara undir skipit, Njarð. 376; kominn undir jarðar-menit, Ld. 60; renna u. hendr e-m, Háv. 41; þeim tók undir hendr, Ld. 38; kom u. kverk öxinni, Nj. 84; láta u. belti sér, 168; setjask u. borð, 176; heimtask út u. akkerin, Fms. ix. 44; stýra u. veðr, ... beita undir veðr, Fb. i. 540; leggja út u. Eyjar, Nj. 125; riða austr u. Eyjafjöll, 216; sigla suðr u. England, Hkr. i. 129; leggjask niðr u. hauginn, Eb. 94; ganga u. hamar-skúta nökkurn, Nj. 264; hleypa heim undir Þríhyrning, 105. 2. of time; hrökk undir miðdegi, it drew close to midday, Fas. i. 506; cp. the mod. phrase, það er komið undir dagmál, hádegi, ... náttmál, of time, close to, hard upon. II. metaph. usages; gefa hann undir vápn yður, Njarð. 354; leggja virðing konungs undir vápn mín, to let it depend on, Fms. x. 199; jarl hverr skyldi hafa und sik þrjá hersa (= undir sér), 182; Hjört þótti mér þeir hafa undir, they had him under, had him on the ground, Nj. 95; leggja undir sik, to lay under oneself, subjugate, Fms. i. 3; skattgilda undir sik. Eg. 402; ganga undir e-n, to submit to, Fms. i. 37, 156, Ld. 166; játtask undir e-t, Fms. ix. 227; taka vel ... u. e-t, Ld. 150; þjóna u. e-n, to serve under, Fms. x. 23; draga u. sik, Eg. 61; arf berr undir e-n, devolves upon, Grág. i. 179; þessa laxveiði gaf hann undir kirkjuna, he made it over to the church, Fms. i. 272; Sámsey er undir biskup, is under a bishop, xi. 230; þær eignir liggja undir þá ætt, vi. 432; leita ráðs u. e-n, xi. 80, MS. 686 B. 13; vikja máli u. e-n, Nj. 77; skírskota u. e-n, Ó.H. 86, Eg. 352, N.G.L. i. 348; bera fé u. e-n, to bribe, Ld. 114. Fms. v. 187; játa sik undir at gjalda, to engage oneself, Dipl. ii. 2; leggja e-t undir þegnskap sinn, upon one's honour, Grág. (Kb.) i. 48; þá mælti Einarr svá undir málit, interrupt it, Sturl. i. 66 C. 2. special phrases; ef kona tekr mann undir bónda sinn, if she be untrue to her husband, N.G.L. i. 351, H.E. i. 236; því fylgðu engir mann-lestir, þvíat ek tók engan mann undir Gísla, I was true to G., Gísl. 15; land styrkvara undir bú, at heyföngum, stronger in the way of household, yielding more crops, Sturl. iii. 271; bjóða fé í leigu u. sik, to offer money for a passage, Nj. 128; taka penning veginn u. blóðlát, for letting blood, Rétt. 2. 10; taka eyri u. hvert lispund, id.; líða undir lok, to come to-an end, Nj. 156. III. ellipt., sól er undir, the sun is under, Grág. i. 104; dagr er undir, Fb. iii. 384; slá u. sem mest má þessa viku, to mow as much as possible this week, so as to prepare for drying it the next, Eb. 150; standa undir með e-m, to back, Sturl. i. 20.
undir-alda, u, f. an under-wave, the undertow of a wave.
undir-biskup, m. a suffragan bishop, H.E. i. 406.
undir-borg, f. a suburb, Stj. 342.
undir-brot, u. a breaking down, subduing, subjection, Fms. iv. 84, Mar.
undir-búð, f. an under-booth, cellar, D.N.: undir-bur, id., D.N. v. 283.
undir-búi, a, m. under-dwellers, Fms. ii. 149.
undir-byrli, a, m. an under-cupbearer, Karl. 327.
undir-djúp, n. an 'underdeep,' gulf, abyss, Sks. 151, 626, Skálda 209, Stj. 288, MS. 623. 33, Gen. i. 2.
undir-dráttull, adj. covetous, making unfair gain, Fms. vi. 191.
undir-eldi, n. offspring, breed, of animals, Stj. 178.
undir-fólk, n. subjects, Fms. i. 201, iii. 48, Magn. 472.
undir-furða, u, f., in undir-furðuligr, adj. shy; see undrfurða.
undir-förli, f. craft, wiliness.
undir-förull, adj. dealing underhand, false, Fms. ii. 145, Fas. ii. 365.
undir-gefinn, part. [Dan. under-given], subject, Fbr. 1, Mar., Stj. 23, 61.
undir-gefni, f. submissiveness.
undir-gjöf, f. subjection, H.E. i. 388.
undir-grefill, m. an underminer (cp. Dan. underfundig), Stj. 160.
undir-gröptr, m. undermining, Bs. i. 714.
undir-görð, f. a cushion under a saddle, Flóv. 25, Karl. 440.
undir-haka, u, f. an under-cheek, double-chin.
undir-heimar, m. pl. the nether world, the realm below, Fms. iii. 178, Fas. iii. 391. 2. in Icel. undirheimar is a name given to the lower beach between a reef of rocks and the sea; fara ofan í undirheima, hann er niðri í undirheimum.
undir-hlutr, m. the lower piece, lowest part, Fms, vi, 244, ix. 478, Grett. 36 new Ed.
undir-húfr, m. the under-hull of a ship.
undir-hús, n. the nether part of a house, Stj. 383, 590, Róm. 208.
undir-hvesta, u, f. (undir-hvesti, n., v.l.), the under flesh of a whale; undirhvestu ór hálfum hval, Vm. 79, qs. þvesti, q.v.(?)
undir-hyggja, u, f. 'under-thought,' cunning, wiles, Fms. i. 74, Stj. 187, Háv. 57, Al. 71. COMPDS: undirhyggju-fullr, adj. guileful, Fms, i. 219. undirhyggju-maðr, m. a guileful man, Fms. i. 20, x. 420, Fær. 17. undirhyggju-samr, adj. wily, false, Þórð. 69.
undir-klefi, a, m. an under-cell, Fms. ix. 425, D.N. vi. 84.
undir-klæði, n. an under-garment, Stj.
undir-konungr, m. an under-king, tributary king, Eg. 282.
undir-kyrtill, m. an under-kirtle, Karl. 174.
undir-lag, n. 'under-laying' reservation; með þeim skilmála ok undirlagi. Dipl. v. 16.
undir-land, n. a subjected territory, province, Fms. iii. 174.
undir-leitr, adj. drooping the head, bashful.
undir-lendi, n. nether land, low, level land.
undir-lægja, u, f. the plate on which the spars rest.
undir-maðr, m. an 'under-man,' a subject, Fms. iv. 155, vii. 20.
undir-mál, n. pl. underhand dealings, a secret stipulation, Fms. xi. 24, Grág. i. 148; kaupmáli, ok eru eigi u. né lausa-kjör, 225, Nj. 12, Ld. 104, Ísl. ii. 207.
undir-mörr, m. the kidney fat (mod. garn-mör), Vm. 119, Dipl. iii. 4.
undir-oka, að, to 'under-yoke,' subject, Fms. ii. 122.
undir-orpinn, part. subjected, Stj.
undir-prestr, m. a subordinate priest, H.E. i. 478.
undir-rót, f. the 'under-root,' origin, prime cause of a thing, Grett. 124 A, Sturl. ii. 4, Ó.T. 1, Bs. i. 796, Pass. 16.
undir-seta, u, f. an 'under-sitting,' pressure, influence, Bs. i. 722.
undir-skáli, a. m. = undirklefi, a cellar, Fms. ii. 149.
undir-skemma, u, f. = undirskáli, Hkr. i. 17, Eg. 236, Stj. 383.
undir-staða, u, f. a stand, = stétt; kross með undirstöðum, Vm. 6, 41, 51; kirkja á tvær undirstöður, 36; skrín með undirstöðum, Pm. 10; páska blað með undirstöðu, 108. 2. a groundwork; þær bækr er undirstöður heilagra ritninga, Ver. 1; skilja grundvöll ok undirstöðu á sökunum, Sks. 581. 3. the true sense, true meaning, Skálda 205, Rb. 192; varðar mest til allra orða, at undirstaðan (the substance) sé réttlig fundin, Lil. 96; cp. the senses of the Gr. GREEK.
undir-staðligr, adj. = Lat. substantivus, substantialis, Skálda.
undir-staðning, f. an understanding, making out, Rétt. 50.
undir-stafr, m. a sub-letter, Skálda 171, see Gramm. p. 1.
undir-stakkr, m. an under-jacket, D.N. iv. 564.
undir-stallr, m. a stand, pedestal, Vm. 29,
undir-standa, stóð, [a word borrowed from the Engl. or Low Germ.], to understand; undirstóð engi tungu þeirra, Ann. 1337; skilja eðr u. Látínu, Stj.: ek undirstend, sagði Jón (John the Fleming), Bs. i. 801, passim in mod. usage, Vídal.: to perceive, Bret. 4, Stj. 201, H.E. i. 422, Th. 76; en er þeir undirstóðu hans íhugan, Fb. ii. 667; en þó at hann undirstæði at hans ofsi væri lægðr, Edda (pref.)
undir-stoð, f. a stay, support, Symb. 4.
undir-stokkr, m. an under-post in a building, Hom. 94, Jón. 24.
undir-stólpi, a, m. a pillar, Stj. 415.
undir-stöðuligr, adj. substantive, Skálda.
undir-tekt, f. a responding to; vitrleg u., Fms. iv. 83.
undir-tjald, n. an under-hanging (under the refill, q.v.), B.K. 83, Boldt 166, D.N.
undir-varpning, f. subjection, Karl. 138.
UNDORN, in. (not n. as stated in Lex. Poët.), also spelt undurn and undarn, see the references below: [this word occurs in all ancient Teut, languages; Ulf. undaurni-mats or undurn-meat = GREEK, Luke xiv. 12; A.S. undern; Hel. undorn: O.H.G. untarn. Afterwards it was disused in writing, but in provincial dialects it still survives in all Teutonic countries, Scandinavia, Germany (Bavaria, the Rhine), England (Cumberland, Yorkshire), everywhere, except in Iceland, where, strange to say, it is unknown in speech as well as in writing; thus, Swed. undan, undarn, unden; in Norway undaaln; Bavaria untern (Schmeller); Fris. ounern; provinc. Engl. orndorns, ownder (Brocket); in all these dialects it means a middle-meal, a kind of lunch, taken either in the afternoon at three o'clock (this seems to be the prevailing sense, at least in Scandinavia), or in the forenoon at nine: even a verb has been formed, thus in Sweden sova und is to take a nap at lunch-time, at midday (Rietz); in the Rhine country ondern is said of cattle lying down at midday (Schmeller).]
B. USAGE. -- In old Icel, or Norse writers the word occurs five times, thrice in poets, twice in prose; the original sense was undoubtedly a time of the day, either mid-afternoon, i.e. three o'clock P.M., or mid-forenoon, i.e. nine o'clock A.M., the sense of food being a derived one (like mál, q.v.): 1. mid-afternoon, answering to the nones of eccl. writers; morgin hétu ok miðjan dag, undorn ok aptan, they called morning and midday, 'undorn' and evening, Vsp. 6 (undurn, Hb. l.c.), where undorn is placed midway between noon and eve. 2. mid-forenoon; um morguninn at undurni, in the morning at undurn time,