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658 Ú -- ÚDAUNAN.
gamlan, uxanum, Glúm. 348; uxana, Rd. 257; uxarnir, Dropl. 8; uxar, Dipl. iii. 4; uxa þrévetran, Sturl. i. 72; uxum, Eg. 742; uxann, Edda i. 208, but oxanum, 210, l. 1; uxna (gen.), 484; oxa-húð, Landn. 226; oxa höfuð, Edda i. 168, 169 (Cod. Reg.), but uxa, Hým. l.c.; oxans, Ísl. ii. 331; lær af oxa þrévetrum, Fms. x. 398; oxa líki, Bær. 19; uxa-báss, Sturl. ii. 43; uxa-fótr, a nickname, Fb. i; uxa-gjöf, Glúm. 390; uxa-kjöt, Stj. 91; uxa-knúta, -horn, -húð, Fms. iii. 18, 186, Fas. i. 288, ii. 337; uxa merki, Taurus, in the zodiac, Rb. 100; uxa síða, Dipl. iii. 4: oxa-stútr, m., see stútr. II. yxna-megn or öxna-megn, a nickname, Grett., Landn. 2. in local names, Öxn-ey, Landn., Eb.: Öxna-brekkur, Öxna-dalr, Öxna-lækr, Öxna-skarð, Landn., Ísl. ii: Öxna-furða, Oxford, Fms. iv. 64 (v.l.), cp. Thom. 544. Ú Ú- or ó- is the negative prefix before nouns, adjectives, and adverbs (Engl. and Germ. un-), for the spelling of which see p. 469, col. 2. The use of this particle is almost unlimited; it may e.g. be prefixed to almost every past part., in frequent instances answering to Engl. 'not;' ókominn, not come; ófarinn, not gone; úgefinn, not given; or to the part. act. as gerundive, það er óhafandi, unfit for use; ógöranda, not feasible; ódrekkandi, undrinkable; óetandi, uneatable; úsigrandi, óvinnandi, invincible; ótakandi, impregnable. 2. special usages: α. prefixed to comparatives, answering to Engl. 'less;' eigi úauðgari, not less rich; údaufligra, less dull; and so in endless instances, see the references below: esp. after a negative, eigi ósannara en, not less true than. β. often with another negative, with an intensive force; hann var aldrei úgrátandi, 'he was never unweeping,' i.e. he cried all along; aldrei ósofandi, never unsleeping, i.e. always sleeping: so also, eigi úgaman, not unpleasant, i.e. very pleasant; eigi úákafr, 'not uneager,' i.e. very eager; eigi úþessligr, not unlike that, i.e. quite of that kind; eigi úfóthvatr, not unswift, i.e. very swift indeed. γ. eiga skamt úlifað, see úlifað; at úsögðum sundr griðum, hafa úfengit þess fjár. B. COMPDS: ú-aflátliga (ú-aflátanliga), adv. incessantly, Fms. i. 231, x. 291, Sks. 628. ú-aflátsamr, adj. (-semi, f.), unintermittent, Fms. iii. 175. ú-afskiptinn, adj. not meddlesome, Lv. 73. ú-afskiptasamr, adj. id., Fms. vii. 358. ú-alandi, part. a law term, one who must not be fed, of an outlaw, Grág., Nj. passim. ú-aldar, see úöld. ú-alinn, part. unborn, Js. 73. ú-andligr, adj. unspiritual, Skálda. ú-annt, adj. not busy, not eager, Fs. 99; see annt. ú-aptrbætiliga, adv. irreparably, H.E. i. 476. ú-arfgengr, adj. not entitled to inherit, Grág. i. 228. ú-argr, adj.; this word is perh. not from ú- and argr (q.v.), but qs. of-vargr; cp. the spelling of the word in the old Norse vellum, Þiðr. l.c.; in the phrase, dýr et úarga, the worrier, the great beast of prey, the fierce animal, i.e. the lion; dýrum enum úörgum, ... úörgu dýr, Stj.; úarga dýrinu, Fas. iii. 95; óarga dýr, Rb. 102; et óarga dýr (ovarga, the vellum), Þiðr. 183; as a nickname, enn úargi, Landn. ú-athugasamr, adj. inattentive, 623. 35. ú-athygli, f. inattention, Fms. v. 195. ú-auðigr, adj. unwealthy, destitute, Hm., Grág. i. 324; bændr allir þeir er úauðgari eru (less wealthy), enn þingfarar-kaupi eigu at gegna, 133. ú-auðligr, adj. poorly, Hm. 74, Vþm. 10, Fas. iii. 603. ú-auðna, u, f. ill-luck, misfortune, Fms. viii. 286. ú-auðráðinn, part. not easily managed, Hkr. ii. 222. ú-auðsóttligr, adj. not easy to overcome, Ld. 238. ú-aukinn, part. 'uneked,' unaugmented, Gþl. 149. ú-áfenginn, adj. not intoxicating, Bs. i. 394. ú-ágangsamr, adj. not encroaching upon others, peaceful, Fs. 29. ú-ágengiligr, adj. not aggressive, Ísl. ii. 181. ú-ágjarn, adj. uncovetous, Hkr. ii. 31. ú-áhlýðinn, part. unlistening, self-willed, Orkn. 40, Fms. xi. 246. ú-ákafliga, adv. listlessly, Fms. vii. 288. ú-ákafr, adj. not eager, slovenly, Fms. vi. 312; engu úákafari, less eager, Fas. i. 503, Fms. vi. 312, Lv. 6l. ú-áleitinn, adj. unencroaching; maðr góðgjarn ok ú., Fms. ii. 248, Eg. 754 ú-áran, n. a bad season, dearth, Rb. 388, Stj. 333, Fms. xi. 7; úárani, x. 400; mikit ú. í búi, Sks. 322; ú. á fólki, 324; átta tigum vetra síðarr varð annat óáran, Landn. (App.) 323; úárans-vetr, Ver. 18; óárans-auki, increase of dearth, Bs. i. 76. ú-árenniligr, adj. not easy to run against or attack, Nj. 187, Ld. 102. ú-árligr, adj. unseasonable; görði Grím mjök úárligan, G. became very famished, Brandkr. 60. ú-árvænn, adj. an unpromising season; sumar úárvænt, Hkr. ii. 183. ú-áræðiligr, adj. unlikely, Fms. viii. 445, v.l. ú-ástfólginn, part. unbeloved; úástfólgnari, less beloved, Fas. ii. 408. ú-ástugr, adj. loveless; úástugt var með þeim hjónum, little love, coldness, Landn. 151, v.l. ú-ástúðligr, adj. loveless. ú-átan, f. a thing not to be eaten, forbidden in the eccl. law; eta úátan, 655 xii. 3, K.Þ.K. 136, 172, N.G.L. i. 342; átu menn hrafna ok melrakka, ok mörg ú. íll var etin, Landn. (App.) 323. ú-ávaxtasamr, adj. unproductive, Fms. iii. 166. ú-barðr (-barínn), part. unbeaten, Fms. i. 75; enginn verðr úbarinn biskup, a saying. ú-bastaðr, part. unbasted, unbound, D.N. ii. 560. ú-beðinn, part. unbidden, K.Þ.K. 50, (Kb.) 16; óbeðit, Hm. 146. ú-beiðull, adj. not requesting, 686 C. 2. ú-beinn, adj. not straight, crooked, Ver. 19. ú-beit, n. dislike; hafa óbeit á e-u, to have a dislike for a thing; this word is not found in old writers. ú-bergan, n. an 'unrock,' a flinty rock, Barl. 181. ú-bernskliga, adv. unchildishly, like a grown-up man, Fms. xi. 53. ú-bernskligr, adj. unchildish, manly, Fbr. ú-berr, adj. 'unbare,' hidden, Skálda 194. ú-bilgjarn, adj. wrong-headed, Skv. 3. 21, Hkr. iii. 138, Sturl. i. 104: impatient, Hákon var óbilgjarn, Fms. vi. 334, Fas. ii. 426; íllt er at eggja úbilgjarnan, a saying, Grett. 91. ú-bilt (see bilt), láta sér verða úbilt, to take no fright, Fas. i. 126. ú-birgr, adj. (not úbyrgr), unprovided, Vm. 16, Bs. i. 868, Fb. i. 431, Háv. 47, Ísl. ii. 142. ú-birktr, part. unbarked, of trees, Stj. 177. ú-birta, u, f. darkness, Fms. vii. 108. ú-bíðingr, m. an 'unbiding one,' runaway, Landn. (in a verse). ú-bítalaðr, part. [Germ.], unpaid, Vm. 26. ú-bjartr, adj. not bright, dark, Flóv. 30. ú-bjúgr, adj. not convex, Rb. 468. ú-blandinn, part. unblended, Hom. 59. ú-blauðr, adj. not blauðr (q.v.), Fm.; a pr. name, Landn. ú-blindr, adj. not blind, Fms. iv. 13 (in a verse). ú-blíða, u, f. a disfavour, Fms. v. 235, Fas. i. 531, Stj. 200, Bs. i. 714. ú-blíðliga, adv. 'unblithely,' unkindly, Stj. 212. ú-blíðligr, adj. unkind, Arons S. (MS.) ú-blíðr, adj.froward, frowning, Eg. 524, Sks. 285. ú-blóðigr, adj. unbloody, Fas. i. 425. ú-boðinn, part. unbidden, N.G.L. i. 93, Odd. 61; koma úboðit, to come unbidden, Fms. viii. 46. ú-borinn, part., see bera; þá er sem úborit sé, of a witness, Grág. i. 40: unborn, Stj. 159; in the phrase, alnir ok úbornir, born and unborn; ek mælta eitt orð úborinn (of king Völsung), Fas. i. 123; úborins erfð, N.G.L. i. 49; fé úborit, bewitched or charmed things, charms, K.Þ.K.: as a law phrase, 'unborn,' i.e. illegitimate, hón varðveitti barn drottningar úborit meðan hón var í laugu: as a nickname, Uni enn úborni, Landn.; ... Úlfrún en úborna, id. ú-bókfróðr, adj. unlettered, H.E. i. 584. ú-bóta, gen. pl. from úbætr, q.v. úbóta-maðr, m. a criminal; þjófar ... drottins-svikar, morð-vargar, brennu-vargar, þeir eru allir óbóta menn, N.G.L. i. 405; biskup á allar þar sektir til þess er maðr er ú., 350; göra e-n at úbóta manni, Nj. 59; þó þeir væri frjálsir menn þá væri þeir þó óbóta menn, Eg. 737. ú-bóta-mál, n. a case which cannot be atoned for by money, a crime, felony, Js. 134, Gþl. 118, 136, N.G.L. i. 352. úbóta-sök, f. a felony, Js. 24. úbóta-verk, n. a bootless work, i.e. a felony, crime, N.G.L. i. 350. ú-bragðligr, adj. dull-looking, Fbr. 142. ú-bráðgörr, part. late ripe, slow of growth, of a youth, Glúm. 335. ú-bráðr, adj. slow, Fms. viii. 327; úbrátt, slowly, taka e-u úbrátt, Orkn. 42. ú-bráðreiðr, adj. unimpassioned or dispassionate, Fas. iii. 90. ú-breiddr, part. unspread, Jb. 193. ú-brenndr, part. unburnt, Fms. ix. 357, x. 70. ú-breytiliga, adv. in a common manner, Fms. ii. 267. ú-breyttr, adj. unaltered, Fms. i. 296: common, ú. maðr, a common, plain, everyday man, Stj., Fms. v. 182; einn ú. bóndason, viii. 12; ekki heyrir at tala svá til úbreyttra manna, Skálda; ú. klæðnaðr, plain clothing, Mar. ú-brigðanliga, adv. invariably, Rb. 214. ú-brigðanligr, adj. unchangeable, K.Á. 2, Sks. 604. ú-brigðiliga, adv. inconvertibly, Dipl. i. 2, 3, H.E. i. 259, 528, K.Á. 52. ú-brigðiligr, adj. unchangeable, Gþl. 41, Greg. 11: irreversible, of a deed, act, testament, Dipl. v. 26. ú-brigðr, part. unchanged, Hm. 6, Bs. i. 763; en landaurum var úbrigt, Fas. iii. 194. ú-brotgjarn, adj. not brittle, Ad. ú-brotinn, part. unbroken, Fms. ii. 144, Orkn. 444. ú-bróðurliga, adv. unbrotherly, Fas. i. 500. ú-brugðinn, part. unchanged, Th. 23, Edda (Ht.) i. 606, Mar. ú-brunninn, part. unburnt, Ó.H. 229, Fms. i. 129, vii. 164, Nj. 208. ú-bryddr, part. unshod, Hm. 89. ú-bræddr, part. untarred, Krók. 53. ú-bundinn, part. unbound, Hkm., Hom. 120, Þórð. 48 new Ed. ú-búinn, part. 'un-boune,' not ready, unprepared, Hkr. i. 248: unready, unwilling, Fms. vii. 248: unadorned, Pm. 23: undone, Fas. i. 231; see búa. ú-bygð, f. an unpeopled tract, a desert (see bygð), Grág. ii. 197; til úbygða í Grænlandi, Landn. 26; hann fékk líflát á Grænalandi í óbygðum, Bs. i. 408; sjóinn ok aðrar úbygðir, Fms. xi. 225; mér tekr mjök at leiðask í úbygðum þessum, ii. 104. ú-bygðr, part. unpeopled, Grág. ii. 131, Dipl. iii. 13. ú-byggiligr, adj. uninhabitable, Sks. 1, Hkr. ii. 44. ú-byggjandi, part. uninhabitable, Sks. 197. ú-byrja, adj. barren, of a woman; þær konur er ú. eru, Stj. 89, 248; konur úbyrea, 175; kona hans var ú., MS. 623. 51: in mod. usage, as subst., Elisabeth var óbyrja, Luke i. 6; sælar eru óbyrjur, xxiii. 29; sæl nú óbyrjan barnlaus er, Pass. 31. 4. ú-bænir, f. pl. curses, imprecations, Ísl. ii. 220, v.l. ú-bæriligr, adj. (-liga, adv.), intolerable, Fas. i. 79, Stj. 187. ú-bætiligr, adj. (-liga, adv.), irreparable, Fms. ii. 297. ú-bætr, f. pl. a law phrase, an act that cannot be compounded by money, a felony; fellr þat til úbóta, K.Á. 144: gen. plur. úbóta- in compds, see above, ú-bættr, part. unpaid, of weregild; hón kvað betri menn liggja úbætta, Nj. 54; úbætt synd, a sin not atoned for, K.Á. 208. ú-dauðahræddr, adj. not afraid for one's life, Finnb. 260. ú-dauðleikr, m. immortality, Stj. 24, Lil. 67. ú-dauðligr, adj. undying, Stj. 24, Mar., MS. 623. 59. ú-dauðr, adj.; ú. at eins, all but dead, Ld. 242, K.Þ.K. 12. ú-daufligr, adj. not dull; þat er údaufligra, less dull, Fms. ix. 45, Ísl. ii. 178. ú-daufr, adj. not daufr, q.v. ú-daunan, n. a bad smell;