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675 VALA -- VALNESKR.
vala, u, f. the rolling knuckle-bone, Lat. talus, Gr. GREEK; in Icel. these bones are dried and used for winding clews of yarn (þráðar-vala); in the old heathen times they seem to have been used for fortune-telling, whence the compds, völu-brjótr, m. a knuckle-breaker, a nickname, Sd.: völu-spakr, adj. 'knuckle-wise' prophetic(?), Edda (in a verse): völu-mæltr, adj. talking thick, as if with a knuckle-bone rolling in one's mouth: hvel-vala, a rolling pebble, Þd. (poët.) II. the name of a dog; vappaðu með mér, vala ... keyrðu féð í hala, a ditty. val-áttungr, m. a chosen eighth part; kirkja á valáttung ... valséttung í hvölum, Vm. 102. val-bassi, a, m. the 'Welsh' bear, i.e. wild bear, Edda (Gl.) val-baugar, m. pl. 'Welsh' rings, i.e. foreign gold, Akv. val-björk, f. [Dan. valbirk], a kind of birch. val-blístra, u, f. = Dan. skalmej, Björn. val-blóð, n. blood, gore, Lex. Poët. val-bráð, f. venison, cp. Germ. wildpret; in melta knáttú móðugr manna valbráðir, Akv. 36. 2. (mod. val-brá), a livid spot on the skin, a 'port-wine mark,' medic. Lat. macula, Bs. i. 423 (see foot-note 10, so also vellums of Sturl. l.c.): freq. in mod. usage, e.g. hann hafði valbrá á hægri kinn: in Bs. i. l.c. as the nickname of a person so marked; this mythol. term reminds one of Hel, the northern Hecate, who is represented as black on one side, see Edda. val-bygg, n. 'Welsh,' i.e. foreign barley, Edda (Gl.), Hkv. 2. 2. val-böst, f. a part of a sword, it is not exactly known which, perh. = friðbönd (q.v.), Edda; á valböstu (acc. pl.) verpr naðr hala, Hkv. Hjörv. 9: dat. valböstum, Sdm.: gen. valbasta, Geisli. VALD, n., pl. völd, [Germ. ge-walt; Dan. vold; cp. valda] :-- power, might, authority; eiga vald á e-u, Sks. 160; hafa vald til e-s, Fms. x. 337; vald ok lög, vald ok dóm, Bs. i. 741, 742; ef ek á svá mikit vald á þúr, Nj. 10; gefask á vald e-s, to submit to one, Fms. xi. 392; ganga til valds, Bs. i. 764; valds-dagar, 280; Guð er öll hefir völdin, id.; vald ok skipan, 694; leggja á e-s vald, Fb. ii. 179: með valdi, by force, Fms. xi. 392, Eg. 41; yfir-vald, authority. 2. power, dominion; vald landsins, Fms. i. 23; kirkju-vald, Bs. i. 789, Ó.H. 47; þá skal valds-maðr reiða ór sínu valdi, Js. 4. II. plur. the cause or making of a thing, mostly in a bad sense, Fms. vi. 350; kenni ek þér völd um þat, I charge it on thee, thou hast done it, Fær. 255; kenna sér völd um þat harðrétti, Rd. 249; af mínum völdum, by my making, Fms. ii. 188; af hans völdum, Grág. i. 94; ok göra hann sannan at völdunum, bring it home to him, 95; skaða þann er orðinn er af völdum konu þinnar, Nj. 76; af manna-völdum, by human hands, see p. 408, col. 1. III. in chess, a guard; hróks-vald, peðs-vald. valds-maðr, m. a mighty man, in plur. the great, Fms. iv. 209, vii. 315, Js. 4; höfðingja ok valdsmenn, Fms. vii. 164; valdsmaðr (a ruler) yfir þessu ríki, xi. 232; veraldligir valdsmenn, the great of this world, K.Á. 220. VALDA, pres. veld, pl. völdum, valdit, valda: pret. olli, ollir, olli; olli ofrausn stillis, in a verse of A.D. 1066, as also by Ari, Íb. 7: in alliteration as a vowel, einn þú því ollir, ekki ..., Am. 80; a pret. voldi or oldi also occurs, for references see B: subj. ylli, also voldi, vildi, see B; imperat. vald: with neg. suff. vald-at-tu, cause thou not, Gísl. (in a verse); veldr-at, Nj. 61: part. valdit: a mod. verb has been formed from the pret. olli, -- olla, olli, ollat, olla being used of to cause, valda to be able: [Ulf. waldan, ga-waldan = to rule; A.S. wealdan; Engl. wield; O.H.G. waltan; Germ. walten; Dan. vold; cp. Lat. valere.] B. To wield, with dat.; ef ek em svá ústerkr, at ek má eigi valda sverðinu, if I be so weak that I cannot wield the sword, Ó.H. 209; þær byrðar er vér megum eigi valda, Greg. 65; meðan ek má vápnum valda, Ld. 170; hvern þann mann er vápnum mátti valda, Stj. 611. 2. to rule; en þar Heimdal kveða valda véum, where Heimdal reigns, resides, Gm. 13 (cp. Ulf. garda waldands = GREEK). II. to cause, with dat. or absol.; ok þat olli, Íb. 7; vér því völdum er þú velli hélt, Hkm. 12; ekki veldr því, Stor. 2; Þorvaldr veldr því, Nj. 18; þessu mun Svanr valda, 21; hvat þat valdit mundu hafa, at ..., 75; spurði hvat vyldi úgleði hans, Fms. vii. 106 (olli, v.l.); þeir hinir sömu er því voldu, ix. 280; eigi vissu menn hvat því voldi, 282; spurði hvat úgleði hans ylli, Eg. 322; spurði hverr því olli, Ísl. ii. 160; olli þat því, at ..., Eg. 400; hón frétti hvat voldi hans úgleði, Art. 5; þat voldi því, at ..., Stj. 91; því voldi breiskleikr, 548, Post. (Unger) 21; spurði hverr því volli, Sturl. ii. 60; sá er úskilum volli, Hom. 45; at þeir hefði mestu um valdit, Hkr. ii. 395; þau ullu (i.e. ollu) lífláti hans, Rb. 414; þeir vissu hverir valdit (ollat Ed. from a paper MS.) höfðu, Lv. 8; þat oldi úgagni því er vér fengum, Blanda (vellum); ok voldi þat því mest, at ..., Fms. viii. 197, 292; þat voldi at íss var í stallinum, ix. 386 (volli and olli, v.l.): sayings, sjaldan veldr einn ef tveir deila, 508; eigi veldr sá er varar annan (veldrat sá er varir, Nj.), Hrafn. 6; sá veldr mestu er upphafinu veldr; sá skal hýðing valda (execute) er heimskastr er á þingi, N.G.L. i. 349. III. part. valdandi, a wielder, ruler; Dróttinn sá er alls er valdandi, Hom. 100; hvárki vitandi né valdandi þessa verks, Fms, ix. 42; alls-valdandi, yfir-valdandi; [cp. A.S. Bret-walda.] valdari (spelt valderi, Pd.), a, m. a wielder, keeper, Lex. Poët. vald-borg, f. a stronghold, Stj. 284. vald-eygðr, adj. wall-eyed, of a horse, N.G.L. i. 75: qs. vagl-eygr, q.v. valdi, a, m. a wielder, keeper; kjóla valdi, a 'keel-wielder,' skipper, Hým.; ein-valdi, fólk-valdi, a ruler, Lex. Poët.: as a pr. name, Sig-valdi, Á-valdi, Öl-valdi, Landn., etc. valdr, m. = valdi, Lex. Poët, passim; but in prose only in the compd all-valdr; besides many poët, compds, her-valdr, ógn-valdr, see Lex. Poët. 2. in the latter part of pr. names, Þór-valdr, Ás-valdr, Rögn-valdr, dropping the v in Har-aldr, Ingj-aldr, Arn-aldr, Landn. val-dreyri, a, m. the blood of the slain; and val-dreyrigr, gory, bloody, Gs. 17. val-dýr, n. a carrion-beast, esp. a wolf, Vsp. 55. val-dögg, f. the 'dew of the slain,' blood, Hkv. 2. 42 (poët.) val-fall, n. the fall of the slain, Fms. vi. 67, Fas. i. 385, Bær. 13. val-frekr, adj. greedy for carrion: a nickname, Sturl. val-föðr, m. the father of the slain, i.e. Odin, Vsp. 1, Edda. val-galdr, m. charms, a kind of necromancy ascribed to Odin; nam hann vittugri v. kveða, unz nauðig reis, nás-orð um kvað, Vtkv. 2, (a GREEK.) val-gammr, m. the carrion-bird, vulture, Arnór. val-gjarn, adj. = valfrekr, of the wolf, Hkv. 1. 13. val-glaumr, m. the swarm of the slain in Walhalla, Gm. 21. val-grind, f. the grating of the gates of Walhalla, Gm. 22. val-göltr, m., poët, a helmet, Lex. Poët. val-hnot, f. a 'Welsh nut,' i.e. a walnut (Germ. welsches nuss), Fms. vii. 98, 225, Fas. iii. 226. val-hverfa, að, to roll the eyes in the head, like the hawk (valr); valhverfa augunum. Val-höll, f. the Hall of the Slain, Walhalla, see Edda, Gm., Hdl., Em., Hkm., Skíða R., Nj. 132, Hkr. i. 161, Fas. i. 424. II. a foreign hall, of king Atli, Akv. 2. 14. 2. the name of one of the booths in the Icel. Althing, Sturl. ii. 126; see búð. Vali, a, m. the name of one of the gods, Edda: a pr. name, Korm. valin-kunnr, adj. respectable; v. maðr, N.G.L. i. 43, Gþl. 273, Grett. 162. Valir, m. pl. [A.S. Walas or Wealas; mid. Lat. Wallus], the 'Welsh,' esp. the Celtic people in France, Frakkar, Flæmingjar, Valir (Franks, Flemings, Walloons), Symb. 18; Völum Kjarr, Cear ruled the 'Welsh,' Fas. i. (in a verse); Valir ok Bretar, Art.; allir Valirnir undruðusk, the 'Welsh,' i.e. French, Karl. 35. II. spec. usages; Vala málmr, 'Welsh' ore, i.e. gold, Hdl. 8, Fas. iii. 31 (in a verse); Vala ript, a texture of the 'Welsh,' i.e. foreign, costly texture, Skv. 3. 63; Vala mengi, a host of 'Welsh,' id. val-keri, a, m. the prober of the slain, i.e. a sword, Lex. Poët. val-kjósandi, a, m. the chooser of the slain, Kormak. val-klif, n. the hawk's cliff, i.e. the hand, Lex. Poët. val-koka, að, = valhverfa, q.v.; valkoka augum. Val-kyrja, u, f. the chooser of the slain (kjósa val), the Valkyriur were a troop of northern goddesses, for whom see Edda 22, Gm., Em.; for the Valkyriur as guardian angels and tutors of the heroes, like Athene in the Odyssey, see Hkv., Vkv., Sdm. val-köstr, m. a heap, pile of slain, Fms. ix. 31. valla, adv. = varla. Val-land, m. the land of the 'Welsh' or foreigners, esp. in the Sagas relating to France, Vilhjálmr ... hann vann þat ríki í Vallandi er síðan var kallat Norðmandi, Fagrsk. 142, Ó.H. passim. vallar-, see völlr. vallari, a, m. [from mid. Lat. wallus; cp. Germ. wallfahrten], prop. a pilgrim, traveller in a foreign land, hence a destitute person, tramp; eyða landit með mörgum stafkarlum ok öðrum vallarum, N.G.L. iii. 29; sem einn v., en nú er hann svá stollz ok svá ríkr, at ..., Þiðr. 299; capra er skygn, svá at hón kennir hvárt eru vallarar eðr veiðimenn, sem einn v. ok forflóttamaðr ..., Bret. 53; hann (Cain) raksk víða veraldar svá sem vallari, Stj. 43, 94, 113. vall-gangr, m. (spelt vald-gangr, Mart. 118), [völlr], 'field-going,' excrements, Stj. 436, Bs. i. 382, Bárð. 166. vall-gróinn, part. turf-grown, grown with turf; bakkar vallgrónir, Al. 28; toptir vallgrónar, Fas. ii. 299; hón kvað þat nú vallgróit, Fms. vi. 105; er þar nokkur dæld ok vallgróit, x. 319. vall-humall, m., botan. the milfoil or yarrow, Hjalt. vall-lendi, n. the flat land, turf. vall-ófr (vallokr?), m. a bird, perh. the willock, a GREEK, Edda (Gl.) vall-prúðr, adj. proud of gait, Sks. vall-roð, n. a reddening of the battle-field, slaughter, Merl. Vall-verjar, m. pl. the men from Völlr, Landn. valmar, in Gs. 19, is an obscure, prob. corrupt word, or = varmar(?). val-menni, n. a chosen man, a good man; hann er mesta valmenni. Val-mær, f. = Valkyrja, Edda i. 420. Val-neskr, adj. = Valskr, Gkv. 2. 34.