This is page cv_b0772. Please don't edit above this dashed line. Thank you!
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Both words are law terms, the former Normannic (or Frankish), the latter Norse: both occur as the name of a sword, -- bæsingr in the mythical tale, Fb. ii, of St. Olave's sword, ere it was taken out of the cairn; bastarðr in Fms. vii. (12th century), perhaps a sword of Norman workmanship. Literally bastarðr means 'boose-hardy,' the hardy one of the stall, the bastard being the boy who got all kinds of rough usage, and so became hardy; we catch an echo of this in the words of the old lay -- kóðu 'harðan' mjök 'hornung' vera, Hðm. 12.
bata, að, to better, John xvi. 7.
baug-broti, a, m. a ring-breaker, Hkv.
baug-set, n. the 'ring-seat,' i.e. the hand, Höfuðl.
baug-variðr, part. ring-wearing, of a lady, Hkv.
bauta-steinn, add the reference, -- Eg. 94.
bautuðr, m. a stamping steed, Lex. Poët.
bál-hvítr, adj. gleaming-white, of waves.
bálkr (or better balkr, bölkr), as a law term, add references, -- enn fyrsti bölkr bókar þessarrar er um Kristindóms hald várt, N.G.L. i. 3; hér hefr kaupa-bolk, 20; landzleigu bolkr, 37; hér hefr upp erfða-bolk, 48; hér hefr upp þjófa bólk, 82; hér hefr upp útgerðar-bolk, 96; hefir hverr hlutr þá bolku í sér, 126; í hinum fyrra bælkinum, 424 (420, 421). Balkr as a law term is much older than any written code, and does not originally denote 'a section of a code,' but rather a 'body, collection of laws,' cp. frænd-balkr, ætt-balkr; but later it was a section of a written code, cp. Schlyter in the Glossary, s.v. balker.
beddi, a, m. a little bed, (mod.)
bein-línis, adv. in a straight line, directly, (mod.)
beiskask, to grow bitter, Thom.
beiskr, adj., add, -- for the etymology see p. 728, col. 2 (letter Z); the word originally, we believe, was opp. to þjarfr, q.v.
beisl-lauss, adj. bridle-less, unbridled. Thom.
belti, n., add, -- as a naut. term, Edda (Gl.)
ben-logi, a, m. 'wound-flame,' a sword, Hkv.
ber-harðr, adj. hardy as a bear, Akv.
beytill, m. a bite, morsel, = bitlingr, Völsa þ.
biða, u, f. a big chest; the phrase, þylja e-ð í belg eða biðu, Bs. ii. 425.
bið-leika, að, to wait, Mork. 48, Ósv. S. 32, and in mod. usage.
bifa, u, f. a sound, a voice, Edda (Gl.)
binda, the verb, add, -- battú, Bret. 32; bitzt, Post. 154.
birkinn, adj. [Ivar Aasen birkjen], dry like bark; brenna sem birkinn við, Gkv. 2. 12.
birkja, u, f. [Ivar Aasen byrkja], the sap of a young birch, sap, got by boring a hole in the bark and sucking; þeir átu safa ok sugu birkju við, they chewed the sprouts and sucked birch sap with it, Fms. viii. 33.
bitlingar, add, -- ganga at bitlingum, to go a-begging, N.G.L. ii. 244.
bitull, m. a bit, of a bridle, Lex. Poët.
bivivill, m. a stone, Edda ii. 494.
Bjarmskr, adj. Permic (a Tchudic people), Hkr. i. (in a verse).
bjástra, að, (bjástr, n.), to drudge, work hard, (mod.)
bjáta, ad, to beat, knock; only in the metaph. phrase, það bjátar á, to strike against, of reverses, misfortune, (mod.)
bjór-reifr, adj. merry with beer, tipsy, Ls.
bjór-veig, f. a draught of beer, Hým.
bjúg-hyrndr, adj. crook-horned, of cattle.
bjúg-viðr, m. a crooked branch; bjúgviðr hausa, poët, the crooked branches of the head, i.e. the horns, Km.
björn, m. a bear, add, -- winter is called 'the bear's night;' hence the saying, 'löng er bjarnar-nótt;' cp. langar eigu þeir bersi nætr, Mkv.
blá-flekkóttr, adj. blue-flecked, Vöís. R.
blá-hvítr, add, -- bláhvíta logn, a blue-white calm.
blámi, a, m. a blue, livid tint, metaph. a blemish.
bleðja, the verb, should be -- pret. bladdi; a part. 'bladdr' occurs, Post. 606.
bleik-haddaðr, adj. light-haired, auburn, Gsp.
blíð-látr, adj. mild, sweet, Mirm.
bljótr, m. a sacrificer, worshipper, Eg. (in a verse); also blœtr.
blóð-járna, að, to shoe a horse to the quick, (mod.)
blóð-nasar, f. pl. a bleeding of the nose, (mod.)
blóð-taka, u, f. a blood-letting, blóðtöku-maðr, m. a blood-letter.
Blóðug-hadda, u, f. the bloody-haired, one of the names of the daughters of Ran, Edda.
Blóðug-hófi, a, m. the name of a mythical steed, Edda; cp. the O.H.G. lay or charm, 'Phol ende Wodan,' etc.
blóð-varta, u, f. a part of a sword, Edda (Gl.)
blóta, the verb, add, -- in Yngl. S. Hkr. i. 34, 35, Unger's Edition has the old form blét, blótið, but Cod. Fris. l.c. the later mod. form.
boð-angr, m. (qs. boð-vangr), prop. a 'bidding-place,' market-place; only in the phrase, hafa e-ð á boðangi, to hold out for sale.
boðs-bréf, n. a list of subscriptions, (mod.)
bog-fimi, f. archery.
bogi, a, m., add, -- a spurt as from a fountain or a vein; þá stóð bogi úr kaleikinum, Bs. i. 321; blóð-bogi.
bog-nauð, n. the 'bow-need,' i.e. the hand. Lex. Poët.
Borgund, f. a local name, an island in Norway. Borgundar-hólmr, m., Dan. Bornholm, Knytl. S.
borkn, m. a name of a wolf, Edda(Gl.), cp. Grims-borken in Norse legends.
bossi, cp. the American word boss, of which their slang 'old-boss' is a corruption.
bók-mentir, f. pl. science, letters, (mod.)
bóla, u, f., add, -- bólu-grafinn, part. pock-marked: bólu-setja, to vaccinate: bólu-setning, f. vaccination.
brag-löstr, m. a metrical fault, Sighvat.
bragningr, m., poët, a hero, king. Lex. Poët.
bramla, að, to brawl, make a noise, Skiða R. 74.
bratt-lendi, n. a steep land.
brauttu, adv. a shouting, = braut-þú, away thou! begone! Eirsp. 247.
brá, ð, to intermit, give relief, of intense pain, grief, illness; only in the phrase, það bráir af.
bráða-birgð, f. a provisional matter, Thom. 474.
bráð-banvænligr, adj. deadly, absolutely mortal, Orkn. 120, v.l.
brá-hvítr, adj. white-browed, epithet of a lady, Vkv.
brek-samr, adj. wayward, Merl.
brenn-heitr, adj. burning-hot, Mkv.
brim-dúfa, u, f. anas torquala multicolor.
brim-rúnar, f. pl. wave-runes, charms, Sdm.
brim-önd, f. a kind of duck, a 'surf-duck.'
bris-heitr, adj. fire-hot, see the following word.
brísingr, m. [cp. Fr. braise], fire, poët., -- an interesting mvthol. word, now unknown in Icel., except in the adj. brís-heitr, fire-hot, used in the same connection as fun-heitr, q.v. In Norway brising is any beacon or bale-fire, e.g. Jonsoko-brising = the fire kindled on the 24th of June, (in the Alps called Johannis-feuer.) In olden times the necklace of Freyja was called Brísinga-men, n. the flame-necklace; it was said to be hidden in the deep sea; Loki and Heimdal fought at the rock Singa-stone for this necklace; this ancient legend was represented on the roof of the hall at Hjarðarholt, and treated in the poem Húsdrápa, Ld., Edda.
brúnka, u, f. a brown mare.
bryn-þing, n. a fray of arms, Sdm.
brysti, n. = brjóst, Stef. Ól.
brý, n. a witch, Edda ii. 494.
bröndóttr, adj. brindled, of a cow; see brandkrossóttr.
buði, a, m. a fire, a GREEK, Edda. (Gl.)
bug-stafr, m. a crooked staff, Band. (MS.)
bukka, að, to knock; hver bukkar mín hús, Ísl. Þjóðs. ii. 508.
buldra, að, to emit a murmuring sound: buldran, f., N.T.
bupp, n. the short bark of a dog (from the sound); ormrinn rak upp bupp þá ball honum höggið núna, Skíða R. 163.
bussu-ligr, adj. (see búza), stout, portly, Skýr. 447.
búð, f., in β. add, -- Mýramanna-búð, Band. (MS.) 2. in the compds í-búð, sam-búð, etc., 'búð' is a different word, being simply formed from the verb búa, and of late formation, prob. merely a rendering of Lat. habitatio; whilst búð, a booth, is not related to búa.
búða, að, to pitch a booth, Safn i. 89.
bú-færr, adj. able to set up a house.
búr-drífa, u, f. the 'larder-drift,' a popular legend that in the new year's night at a certain hour there falls a drift sweet as honey, filling all larders and covering all the ground; but, unless caught at the moment, it vanishes ere morning. The tale is told in Ísl. Þjóðs. i. 571, and in a lay of Eggert Ólafsson (Búrdrífan á Nýjársnótt).
búsmala-reið, f. a kind of rural bacchanalia of the shepherds on St. Thorlac's Day (21st of July), H.E. i. 300 (note).
bústinn, adj. stout, thick, fat, Skýr. 446.
bú-sæld, f. wealth, abundance in a household, Bb.
bygði, n. a cabin(?), some part of a ship, Edda (Gl.)
bæn-heyrsla, u, f. the hearing one's prayers, eccl., N.T., Vídal.
böðull, add, -- A.S. bydel, Engl. bedel, O.H.G. putil, Germ. büttel.
böl-fenginn, adj. bent on evil, ill-willed, Band. (MS.)
börlask, að(?); baurluðumk ek hér fyrir, Clem. 129 (Unger).
dag-dómar, m. pl. 'day-dooms' gossip, (mod.), Vídal.
dag-megir, m. pl. the sons of the day, i.e. men(?), Am.
dags-verk, n. day-work, a tax or duty, Thork. Dipl. i. 11.
danga, að, [dengja], to bang, thrash, Skíða R. 136.
dauð-staddr, part. at the last gasp, Thom. 419.
dauð-veikr, adj. deadly sick.
-dái, a, m., botan., see akr-dái.
dáindi, n. = dásemd, a work of grace, a wonder; göra ótallig tákn ok dáindi, ... undarlig d. (miracles) gerði várr Dróttinn. Vitae Patruni (Unger).
dánar-, to dánar-fé add at the end, -- 'dane-fee,' i.e. hereditas illorum qui nullum post se heredem relinquunt, Thork. Dipl. i. 3; cp. early Swed. Dana-arver, Schlyter.
dáti, a, m. [abbrev. from soldat], a soldier, (mod.)
deyðing, f. a deadening, Vídal., N.T.
deyfi, n. deafness, Bs. ii. 369.