This is page 517 of An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary by Bosworth and Toller (1898)
This online edition was created by the Germanic Lexicon Project.
Click here to go to the main page about Bosworth/Toller. (You can download the entire dictionary from that page.)
Click here to volunteer to correct a page of this dictionary.
Click here to search the dictionary.
This page was generated on 13 Mar 2021. The individual pages are regenerated once a week to reflect the previous week's worth of corrections, which are performed and uploaded by volunteers.
The copyright on this dictionary is expired. You are welcome to copy the data below, post it on other web sites, create derived works, or use the data in any other way you please. As a courtesy, please credit the Germanic Lexicon Project.
HEÁH-SELE - HEALDAN
heáh-sele; es; m. A high hall :-- Tó ðæm heáhsele to the high hall, Beo. Th. 1298; B. 647. [Icel. há-salr a high hall.]
heáh-setl, es; n. A high seat, throne, seat of honour [at table], seat of justice :-- Ðín heáhsetl thronum, Ps. Th. 88, 26. Forðon héhseðil godes is quia thronus Dei est, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 5, 34. Ðonne crist siteþ on his cynestóle on heáhsetle when Christ sitteth on his royal seat, on his throne, Exon. 25 b; Th. 75, 7; Cri. 1218: Lchdnt. iii. 426, 6. Se ríca man ðe sitt on his heáhsetle hraðe geswícþ hé his gebeórscipes gif ða þeówan geswícaþ ðæra teolunga the great man that sits on his high seat will soon discontinue his feast if the servants discontinue the attendance, Homl. Th. i. 272, 35. Ðá hé ðá sett on héhsettle sedente autem illo pro tribunali, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 27, 19. Fore ðæm héhsedle pro tribunali, Jn. Skt. Lind. 19, 13. Be ðám unrihtwísum cyningum ða wé gesióþ sittan on ðám héhstan heáhsetlum concerning unjust kings whom we see sitting on the highest thrones, Bt. 37, 1; Fox 186, 2. [Laym. hæh-setle throne: O. H. Ger. hóh-sedal thronus, solium, triclinium: cf. Icel. há-sæti a high seat (at table).]
heáh-stede, es; m. A high place :-- Ðenden ðæ-acute;r wunaþ on heáhstede húsa sélest whilst there in its lofty place the best of houses continues, Beo. Th. 575; B. 285. [Icel. há-staðr a high place.]
heáh-stefn; adj. Having a high stem or prow :-- Heáhstefn naca the high-prowed boat, Andr. Kmbl. 532; An. 266. Heáhstefn scipu high prowed ships, Exon. 96 b; Th. 361, 2; Wal. 13.
heáh-stræ-acute;t, e; f. High road :-- Swá in ða heáhstræ-acute;t so into the high road, Cod. Dipl. Kmbl. iii. 167, 21. Tó ðære hæ-acute;hstræ-acute;te to the high road, 246, 20.
héh-sunn [?]; adj. Very sinful :-- Openlíce synnige &l-bar; héhsunne publicani, Mk. Skt. Rush. 2, 15.
heáh-synn, e; f. Mortal sin, crime, wickedness :-- Héhsynn crimen, Rtl. 187, 25. Búta héhsynne sint sine crimine sunt, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 12, 5. Bebeorh ðé wið ða eahta heáhsynna cave tibi ab octo capitalibus criminibus, L. Ecg. C. pref; Th. ii. 132, 5. Héhsynna scelera, Rtl. 5, 16. Héhsynno facinora, 42, 15.
heáh-þearf, e; f. Great need :-- Æt heáhþearfe at my greatest need, Ps. Th. 117, 16, 20, 27.
heáh-þegen, es; m. A great, high or chief minister or servant :-- On ðam wæ-acute;ron gecorene twelf heáhþegenas in that were chosen twelve chief ministers [the twelve apostles], Homl. Th. ii. 520, 24.
heáh-þegnung, e; f. High service :-- Heáhþegnunga háliges gástes the high services of the holy Spirit, Cd. 147; Th. 183, 23; Exod. 96.
heáh-þeód, e; f. A great, chief people :-- Was sum æþela man on ðære héhþeóde Myrcna ríce there was a certain noble man in the great kingdom of Mercia, Guthl. 1; Gdwin. 8, 2.
heáh-þrymness, e; f. Great glory, Hy. 7, 51; Grn. ii. 288, 51: 9, 43; Hy. Grn. ii. 292, 43.
heáhþu, héhþo, hiéhþo; generally indecl; f. Height, high place, glory :-- Hé his áras of heáhþu hider onsendeþ he will send his messengers hither from above, Exon. 19 a; Th. 47, 24; Cri. 760: 19 b; Th. 49, 21; Cri. 789: 69 b; Th. 258, 10; Jul. 263. On héhþo on high, Andr. Kmbl. 1745; An. 875: 1995; An. l000. Of héhþo from above, 2289; An. 1146. Of hiéhþa, Elen. Kmbl. 2171; El. 1087. Heofona heáhþu gereccan to tell the glory of the heavens, Exon. 116 a; Th. 446, 33; Dóm. 31. Heofona heáhþu gestígan to mount to the heights of heaven, 117 a; Th. 451, 2; Dóm. 97. Geségon hí on heáhþu hláford stígan of grundum they saw the Lord ascend to heaven from earth, 15 a; Th. 31, 19; Cri. 498. Heofonríces héhþe, Cd. 17; Th. 21, 8; Gen. 323. In heáhþum on high, Exon. 13 b; Th. 26, 8; Cri. 414: 44 a; Th. 149, 27; Gú. 768. Of heáhþum from on high, 46 b; Th. 158, 17; Gú. 910. [Goth. hauhiþa height, loftiness, exaltation: O. H. Ger. hóhida altitudo, culmen.]
heáh-þungen; adj. Of high rank, distinguished, noble :-- Heáhþungen wer the noble man [Moses], Cd. 169: Th. 210, 18; Exod. 517. Hé befæste ðæt ríce heáhþungenum menn Harolde he committed the kingdom to a noble man, to Harold, Chr. 1065: Erl. 198, 11; Edw. 30. Ða kyningas and ða óðre heáhþungene men kings and other men of high rank, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 20, 22. Móton wyt ðonne unc on heofonum heáhþungene beón we two may then be exalted in heaven, Soul Kmbl. 315; Seel. 161. v. heáh-geþungen.
heáh-tíd, e; f. A high time, high day, festival, solemnity :-- Tó æ-acute;ghwilces apostoles heáhtíde fæste man and freólsige at every apostle's festival let there be fasting and feasting, L. Eth. v. 14; Th. i. 308, 15. Héhtíde solemnia, Rtl. 8, 23: 9, 27. [Icel. há-tíð a high day, festival.]
heáh-timber, es; n. A lofty building :-- Heáhtimbra gehwæs of every lofty building, Exon. 79 a; Th. 296, 2; Crä. 45. v. heáh-getimbru.
heáh-torras; pl. m. Alpes, Hpt. Gl. 454.
heáh-treów, e; f. An excellent, noble compact, Cd. 162; Th. 202, 14; Exod. 388.
heáh-weofod, es; n. The high altar :-- Gesceot bæftan ðæm heáh-weofode propitiatorium vel sanctum sanctorum, vel secretarium, vel pastoforum, Ælfc. Gl. 109; Som. 79, 27; Wrt. Voc. 59, 1.
heáh-weorc, es; n. Lofty work :-- Æfter heáhweorce heofenes ðínes secundum altitudinem cæli, Ps. Th. 102, 11.
heáh-wita, an; m. A chief councillor :-- Férde se cyng him hám and ða ealdormenn and ða heáhwitan the king went home and the aldermen and the chief 'witan,' Chr. 1009; Erl. 142, 10. v. Kmbl. Saxons in England, ii. 209, 9.
heal, hal, es; m. n.[?] A corner, an angle, a secret place[?] :-- Heal oððe hyrne angulus, Wrt. Voc. 80, 73. Æ-acute;lc wag biþ gebiéged twiefeald on ðæm heale duplex semper est in angulis paries, Past. 35, 5; Swt. 245, 13. Ðá gemétte hé hine hleonian on ðam hale his cyrcan wið ðam weofode he found him leaning in the corner of his church against the altar, Guthl. 20; Gdwin. 82, 22. On halum in abditis, Ps. Spl. 16, 13. [Cf. we beth honted from hale to hurne, Pot. Songs Wrt. 150, 17. In one swiþe di&yogh;ele hale, O. and N. 2.]
heal. v. healh and heall.
heála, an; m. Rupture, hydrocele :-- Gif hé hæfde heálan si fuerit ponderosus, Past. 11, 1; Swt. 65, 5. [Cf. Icel. haull; m. hernia: O. H. Ger. hola; f.[?] hernia, Grff. iv. 848.]
heal-ærn, es; n. A house with a hall, palace, Beo. Th. 156; B. 78.
heald, es; n. Hold, guardianship, protection, rule :-- Hí gecuron Harold tó healdes ealles Engla landes they chose Harold to rule over all England, Chr. 1036; Erl. 164, 14. Wit synd ðisra landa hald and mund we two will be a protection and a defence to these lands, Cod. Dipl. Kmbl. iv. 73, 5. [Orm. hald support: Icel. hald; n. upholding, support, custody, keeping.] v. ge-heald.
heald; adj. Bent, inclined :-- Ðeáh hí síen ásigen tó yfele and ðider healde though they are sunk to evil and thither inclined, Bt. 24, 4; Fox 84, 29. Ealle bióþ of dúne healde wið ðære eorþan all are bent down towards the earth, 41, 6; Fox 254, 28. Ða men lágon áþænede on ðære eorþan mid of dúne healdum ondwleotan the men lay stretched out on the ground with faces turned downwards, Shrn. 81, 26. [Icel. hallr leaning, sloping: O. H. Ger. hald clivus, obliquus, pronus.]
healdan, haldan; p. heóld; pp. healden. I. to HOLD, keep, grasp, retain, restrain, confine, contain :-- Héht Petrus and Paulus on bendum healdon ordered Peter and Paul to be kept in bonds, Blickl. Homl. 189 17: Bt. Met. Fox 1, 141; Met. 1, 71. Gif se hláford wiste ðæt se oxa hnitol wæ-acute;re and hine healdan nolde if the lord knew that the ox were wont to push with its horn, and would not keep it in, L. Alf. 23; Th. i. 52, 12. Se wísa hilt his spræ-acute;ce and bítt tíman the wise man restrains his speech and bides his time, Past. 33, 4; Swt. 220, 14. Afene streám healt ðone norþende the river Avon bounds the north side, Cod. Dipl. Kmbl. iii. 466, 21. Jacob heóld ðone yldran bróðer Esau be ðam fét Jacob held the elder brother Esau by the foot, Homl. Th. i. 110, 22: Beo. Th. 1581; B. 788. Hé heóld his æ-acute;hta him tó wlencum he kept his possessions for his own glory, Blickl. Homl. 53, 8. Judéi heóldon heora eáran the Jews stopped their ears, Homl. Th. i. 46, 33. Genim ðás ylcan wyrte and heald hý mid ðé take this same plant and keep it with you, Herb. 111, 3; Lchdm. i. 224, 22. Gif hé næbbe æ-acute;hta ðonne healde hine man tó dóme if he have no property, then let him be held to judgment, L. Ed. 6; Th. i. 162, 21: L. C. S. 43; Th. i. 402, 1. Se ðe ofer ðæne dæg hit healde ágyfe ðam bisceope ðæne penig and ðæ-acute;rtó xxx penega he that keeps it [Peter's pence] beyond that day, let him pay the penny to the bishop and thirty pence besides, L. C. E. 9; Th. i. 366, 16. Healde ðonne on his múþe of ðam ecede lange hwíle let him hold some of the vinegar in his mouth a long while, Herb. 181, 4; Lchdm. i. 318, 2. Hú nytt rehton wé nú and rímdon ða cæ-acute;ga búton wé eác feáwum wordum ætiéwen hwæt hie healden of what use were it to describe and enumerate the keys, unless in a few words we shew what they lock up, Past. 23; Swt. 178, 12. Wæterfatu healdende æ-acute;nlípige twýfealde gemetu oððe þrýfealde. Nis gecweden ðæt ða wæterfatu sume heóldon twýfealde gemetu, sume þrýfealde waterpots holding singly two or three measures. It is not said that some of the waterpots held two, some three measures, Homl. Th. ii 56, 21-5. II. to hold, have, possess, occupy, inhabit :-- Hie leng ne mágon healdan heofonríce they may not longer occupy the heavenly kingdom, Cd. 35; Th. 45, 25; Gen. 732: 26; Th. 33, 34; Gen. 530. Fundon on sande hlínbed healdan ðone ðe him hringas geaf they found him who had given them rings occupying a couch on the sand, Beo. Th. 6060; B. 3034. Ðú ðe heofonhámas healdest and wealdest qui habitas in cælo, Ps. Th. 122, 1. Hér Cynegils féng tó ríce and heóld xxxi wintra in this year Cynegils came to the throne and held it thirty-one years, Chr. 611; Erl. 20, 34. Ðæ-acute;r heó æ-acute;r mæ-acute;ste heóld worolde wynne in whom before she had had her chief joy in this life, Beo. Th. 2163; B. 1078: 6079 ; B. 3043. Úre ieldran ða ðe ðás stówa æ-acute;r hióldon our forefathers who occupied these places before, Past. pref; Swt. 5, 14: Beo. Th. 2432; B. 1214. III. to rule, govern :-- Hie sealdon ánum unwísum cyninges þegne Miercna ríce tó haldanne they gave Mercia to a foolish king's thane to rule, Chr. 874; Erl. 76, 28: Beo. Th. 3709; B. 1852. Gif hé hí rihtlícor healdan wolde ðonne hé æ-acute;r dyde if he [Ethelred] would rule them more righteously than he had done before, Chr. 1014; Erl. 150, 7: 1083; Erl. 217, 5. Ðú eorþbúende ealle healdest gentes in terra dirigis, Ps. Th. 66, 4. Heóld ðæt folc teala he ruled that people well, Cd. 62, Th. 74, 34; Gen. 1232: Beo. Th. 114; B. 57. Eác áh hláforda gehwylc ðæs for mycle þearfe ðæt hé his men rihtlíce healde also every lord has very great need to rule his men with justice, L. C. E. 20; Th. i. 372, 13. IV. to behave, conduct [one's self] :-- Hú se sacerd hine healdan sceal and se diácon quomodo sacerdos et diaconus se gerere debeant, L. Ecg. P. iii. pref. v; Th. ii. 194, 29. Nolde ða béc ágifan æ-acute;r heó wyste hú getríwlíce hé hi [hine?] æt landum healdan wolde she would not give up the charters before she knew with what faith he would conduct himself [or treat her?] as regarded the lands, Chart. Th. 202, 27. Wé sceolan eall úre líf on eáðmódnesse healdan we should lead all our life in humility, Blickl. Homl. 13, 1. Heó hit heóld æ-acute;r tó fæste wið hine she had before dealt too hardly with him, Chr. 1043; Erl. 168, 10. Gif hé hine heólde swá swá hé sceolde if he conducted himself as he ought, L. R. 7; Th. i. 192, 15. Ic læ-acute;rde weras ðæt hie be him ánum getreówlíce hie heóldan I taught husbands to act faithfully, having to do with their wives only, Blickl. Homl. 185, 24. V. to guard, defend, keep, preserve, protect, maintain, sustain, regard, observe, take heed :-- Him behéton ðet hí woldon ðisne eard healdan they promised him that they would defend this land, Chr. 1012; Erl. 147, 10. Se ðe sceal healdan Israéla folc wið feóndum qui custodit Israel, Ps. Th. 120, 4. Ðá héht Neron healdan Simones líc þrý dagas Nero ordered Simon's body to be kept three days, Blickl. Homl. 189, 20. Hí æ-acute;fre woldon fryþ and freóndscype in tó ðisan lande haldan they would ever maintain peace and friendship towards this land, Chr. 1066; Erl. 201, 37. Uton healdan unc ðæt wit ne wénan swá swá ðis folc wénþ let us guard ourselves from thinking as this people thinks, Bt. 40, 2; Fox 236, 28. Healdan ðone hálgan sunnan dæg to keep the holy Sunday, Lchdm. iii. 226, 2. Ðæt hé hý healdan wille swá wær his wíf sceal that he will keep her as a man shall his wife, L Edm. B. 1; Th. i. 254, 6. Utan æ-acute;nne cynehláford holdlíce healdan let us loyally support one royal lord, L. Eth. v. 35; Th. i. 312, 21: vi. 1; Th. i. 314, 11. His múþ hé sceal symble from yfelum wordum healdan he shall ever keep his mouth from evil words, L. E. I. 21; Th. ii. 416, 33, Clæ-acute;nnysse healdan castitatem servare, L. Ecg. P. iii. 5; Th. ii. 198, 2. Wé sceolan ða tén bebodu healdan we ought to keep the ten commandments, Blickl. Homl. 35, 11. Sceolde ic mínne bróðor healdon am I my brother's keeper? Gen. 4, 9. Ðære heorde ðe hí healdan sceoldan to the flock that they should have kept, Blickl. Homl. 45, 15. Hí ne dorstan nán gefeoht healdan wið Willelm cynge they dared not have any battle with king William, Chr. 1075; Erl. 214, 8. Oðer æt hám beón heora land tó healdanne oðer út faran tó winnanne vicissim curam belli et domus custodiam sortiebantur, Ors. 1, 10; Swt. 46, 17. Tó healdenne, Blickl. Homl. 11, 25. Se ðe hylt Israhél qui custodit Israel, Homl. Th. ii. 230, 7. Swá swá sealt hylt æ-acute;lcne mete wið forrotodnysse as salt preserves every meat from corruption, 536, 19. Healdeþ meotudes æ-acute; keeps the law of the Lord, Exon. 62 b; Th. 229, 19; Ph. 457. Wið óðrum unþeáwum hí sylfe healdaþ they keep themselves from other vices, Homl. Th. ii. 550, 25. Ne ða Eástron swá healdaþ swá wé healdaþ nec Pascha ita observant uti nos observamus, L. Ecg. P. add. 5; Th. ii. 232, 18. Ðíne gebróðru healdaþ scép on Sichima thy brethren are keeping sheep in Shechem, Gen. 37, 13, 2. Ebréi healdaþ heora geáres annginn on lenctenlícre emnihte the Hebrews keep the beginning of their year at the spring equinox, Lchdm. iii. 246, 17. Ða gelæ-acute;redan hine healdaþ bé ðisum foresæ-acute;dan gesceáde the learned consider it in accordance with the aforesaid distinction, 266, 11, Ðú heólde míne líchaman wið æ-acute;lce besmittennysse thou hast kept my body from every defilement, Homl. Th. i. 74, 30. Hine swá lange heóld óð ðæt man hire gryþ salde she held the castle until they made terms with her, Chr. 1076; Erl. 214, 18. Se cyng heóld his híréd on Winceastre the king held his court at Winchester, 1085; Erl. 218, 39. Ðonne hí wæ-acute;ron be eáston ðonne heóld man fyrde be westan when the Danes were to the east then the 'fyrd' was assembled to the west, 1009: Erl. 144, 5. Heó hyt swýðe deórwyrþlíce heóld she held it very dearly, St. And. 38, 3. Ða weardas heóldon ðæs cwearternes duru the keepers kept the door of the prison, Homl. Th. ii. 382, 4. Wé náðor ne heóldon ne láre ne lage Godes ne manna swá swá wé scoldon we have not kept as we should the doctrine or law of God or men, Swt. A. S. Rdr. 107, 80. Ðá heóldon ða Judéi on heálícum gewunan the Jews then held it as a solemn custom, Homl. Th. ii. 252, 8. Heald ðonne georne ðæt se mete sí gemylt observe then carefully that the meat be digested, L. M. 2, 69; Lchdm. ii. 284, 2. Heald ðæt hie ne hrínan eorþan ne wætre take care that they do not touch earth or water, L. M. 3, 1; Lchdm. ii. 306, 7. Ásette gé ðone líchoman tó ðære byrgenne and hine ðæ-acute;r healdaþ swá ic eów bebeóde put down the body in the tomb and keep it there as I shall bid you, Blickl. Homl. 147, 32. Healden hie hie ðæt hie ne weorðen ealdormenn tó forlore hira hiéramonnum caveat ne fiat subditis auctor ruinæ, Past. 10, 2; Swt. 63, 16. Hit betere wæ-acute;re ðæt heora seht tógædere wurde ðonne hý æ-acute;nige sace hym betweónan heóldan it would be better for them to come to an agreement than to maintain a suit between them, Chart. Th. 377, 4: Blickl. Homl. 109, 16. VI. to hold out, last, hold on, continue, hold with :-- Hé hét ðæt werod healdan feste wið feóndum he bade that band stand fast against the foes, Byrht. Th. 134, 51; By. 102. Hé wel healdeþ stondeþ stíðlíce it holds well, stoutly it stands, Exon. 93 b; Th. 351, 27; Sch. 86. Feáwa óðre ðe mid ðam eorle gyt heóldan a few others that still continued with the earl, Chr. 1106; Erl. 241, 7. Ðá nolde seó burhwaru ábúgan ac heóldan mid fullan wíge ongeán the citizens would not submit but held their ground against him by all warlike means, Chr. 1013; Erl. 148, 12. Hig heóldon þurh ða brycge they held on their way through the bridge, 1052; Erl. 184, 23. Hí heóldon ofer sæ-acute; tó Flandran they took their way across the sea to Flanders, 1075; Erl. 214, 9. [Cf. halda as a nautical term in Icelandic, Cl. & Vig. p. 233, col. 1.] [Goth. haldan to hold, keep, keep sheep: O. Sax. haldan: O. Frs. halda: Icel. halda: O. H. Ger. haltan servare, custodire: Ger. halten.] DER. an-, be-, for-, ge-, ofer-, tó-, ymb-healdan.