This is page 994 of An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary by Bosworth and Toller (1898)

This online edition was created by the Germanic Lexicon Project. Click here to go to the main page about Bosworth/Toller. (You can download the entire dictionary from that page.) Click here to volunteer to correct a page of this dictionary. Click here to search the dictionary. This page was generated on 13 Mar 2021. The individual pages are regenerated once a week to reflect the previous week's worth of corrections, which are performed and uploaded by volunteers. The copyright on this dictionary is expired. You are welcome to copy the data below, post it on other web sites, create derived works, or use the data in any other way you please. As a courtesy, please credit the Germanic Lexicon Project.

994 TÓ-BRÉDAN -- TÓ-CNÁWAN.

láre swíþe tðtorenne and swíþe tóbrocenne, Bt. 3. l: Fox 4, 31. III. to take by assault :-- Tirus hé besæt and siþþan tóbræc and mid ealle tówearp Tyrum oppressit et cepil, Ors. 3, 9; Swt. 126, 17. Ða gigantas woldon tóbrecan ðone heofon lacessentes coelum giganles, Bt. 35, 4; Fox 162, 12. Hér wæs tóbrocen Rómána burh fram Gotum, Chr. 409; Erl. II, 10. Ou ðissum geáre wæs Bæbbanburh tóbrocon, 993; Erl. 133, I. IV. to break a promise, pledge, etc. , to infringe, violate :-- Swá hwá swá halt ðis write . . . hwá swá hit tóbreceþ, Chr. 675 ; Erl. 38, 27. Man his riht tóbræc, 975; Erl. 126, 17, Twégen gebróðra tobræ-acute;con ðone regol, Homl. Th. ii. 166, 34. Gif hé his bebod tóbræ-acute;ce, Homl. Ass. 60, 217. Wed synd tóbrocene oft and gelóme, Wulfst. 161, 12. V. to break, interrupt :-- Wé tóbrecaþ úrne slæ-acute;p and gebiddaþ for eow. Homl. Ass. 51, 39. [The verb remains in the Authorized Version 'all to-brake his scull, ' Jud. 9, 53. O. Frs. tó-breka (te-): O. L. Ger. te-brekan: O. H. Ger. ze-brechen disrumpere, confringere : Ger. zer-brechen.] v. tó-brocen, un-tóbrocen.

tó-brédan, Met. 10, 15. v. tó-bræ-acute;dan, III.

tó-bregdan, -brédan; p. -brægd, -bræ-acute;d, pl. -brugdon, -brúdon (-brudon ?) ; pp. -brogden, -bróden (-broden ? in O. and N. tobrode rimes with unsode). I. to separate (trans. ) by a quick movement, (a) to pull to pieces (lit. and fig. ) :-- Hú æ-acute;nig mæg gangan in húse strotigts and fatu his tóbregdan (diripere), nymþe æ-acute;r gebindaþ se stronge and ðonne hús his tóbrægdeþ (diripiat), Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 12, 29. Hé tóbræ-acute;d (dilaceravit) áne león tó sticcum, Jud. 14, 6. Metod tóbræ-acute;d monna spræ-acute;ce the Lord destroyed the unity of human speech, Cd. Th. 102, 5; Gen. 1695. Hié tóbrugdon blódigum ceaflum fira flæ-acute;schoman, Andr. Kmbl. 317; An. 159.] Þrié wulfas ánes deádes monnes líchoman styccemæ-acute;lum tóbrúdon (cadaver sparsitm membratim religuerunt), Ors. 4, 2 ; Swt. 160, 21. Ða nicoras tóbrudon hié, Nar. It, ll. Hit ongcat his láre swíþe tótorene and swíþe tóbrogdene. Bt. 3, l; Fox 4, 31 note. Biþ se glencg ágoten and se þrym tóbróden, Wulfst. 263, 8 note. Ðæt hé wæ-acute;re from ðám hundum tóbróden, Shrn. 145, 4. (b) to pull apart :-- Heora lima man ealle tóbræ-acute;d æ-acute;lc fram óðrum their limbs weru torn from one another, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 72. Ðá tóbræ-acute;d Samson bégen his earmas Samson wrenched his arms apart, Jud. 15, 14. II. to separate (intrans.) by a quick movement, to break off, start from sleep, cf. Icel. bregða svefni to awake :-- Slæ-acute;pe tóbrægd folces wcard, Cd. Th. 161, 15; Gen. 2665. Mid ðý heó ðá ðý slæ-acute;pe tóbræ-acute;d somno excussa, Bd. 4, 23; S. 596, 5. Slæ-acute;pe tóbrugdon searuhæbbende, Andr. Kmbl. 3053; An. 1529. Ic gefrægn hæleð slæ-acute;pe tóbrédan (-on, MS.), Judth. Thw. 25, 7 ; Jud. 247. III. to separate by making a quick movement with something (?) :-- Oft hý wordum tóweorpaþ æ-acute;r hý bacum tóbréden (before they part and turn their backs on one another, (?) cf. Icel. bregða hendi, fótnm, etc.) . . Exon. Th. 345, 20; Gn. Ex. 192. [Hi eteþ flesch unsode swich wulves hadde hit tobrode, O. and N. 1008. The fend him tobrayd ilium daemonium dissipavit, Wick. Lk. 9, 42. He tobraide his clothes, Gow. ii. 53,

tó-brítan; p. te. I. to break in pieces, crush, bruise (lit. and fig.) :-- Ic tóbrýte tero, Ælfc. Gr. 28, I ; Zup. 165, 14: confringo, 28, 6 ; Zup. 176, 9. Ic tóbrýte hí confringam eos, Ps. Lamb. 17, 39. Ðú tóbrýtst hig confringes eos, 2, 9. Tóbrýt (confringet) Drihten cederbeám, Ps. Lamb. 28. 5: 57, 7. Heó tóbrýt (conteret) ðín heáfod, Gen. 3, 15. Boga[n] tóbrýteþ, Ps. Spl. 45, 9. Téþ sinfulra ðú tóbríttest (contrivisli), 3, 7. Folc ðú tóbrittest (confringes), 55, 7. Gewít of ðære leásan anlícnysse, and tóbrýt hí eall and hire cræt samod. Homl. Th. ii. 496, 14. Tóbrýt (contere) earn, ðæs synfullan, Ps. Lamb. 9 second, 15. Flæ-acute;sces tóbrýte (terat) módignesse, Hymn. Surt. 9, 22. Ne ús gedweld tóbrýte (atterat), 17, 24. Ðæt God úre helpe and tóbrýte ðisne here, Homl. Skt. ii. 25, 350. Ic bebeóde mínum þeówum þæt hí hí (the idols) ealle tó-brýton, i. 5, 236. Tóbrýtendes confringentis, Ps. Lamb. 28, 5. Tó-brvtendne (conterentem) deóful, Hymn. Surt. 115, 15. Boga heora biþ tóbrýt arcus eorutn confringatur. Ps. Spl. 36, 16. Tóbrýt RUNE tóbrocen contrita, constricta. Hpt. Gl. 482, 67. Tóbrýt contritus, 515, 5. Tó-brýttes attritae, violatae, 474, 75. Tóbrýtte RUNE ofrorene obruti, contriti, 506, 6. Tóbréttum quassatis, confractis, 421, 39. II. to crush with feelings of sorrow, to make contrite :-- Heortan ða tóbrýttan cor contritum, Ps. Lamb. 50, 19. Ða tóbrýttan on heortan contritos corde, 146, 3. [Corineus heom tobrutte ban and heora ribbes, Laym. 1602.]

tó-brítedness, e; f. I. a bruise, breach :-- Hé gewríð tóbrýt-ednyssa heora alligat contritiones eorum, Ps. Lamb. 146, 3: 59, 4. II. trouble, sorrow :-- Tóbrýtednys and ungesæ-acute;lignys eontritio et infelicitas, 13, 3.

tóbritend-líc; adj. Breakable :-- Ða tóbrýtendlícan fragenda. Wrt. Voc. ii. 150, 37.

tó-briting, e; f. Crushing, fig. destruction :-- Tóbrýtincge forestæpþofer-módignyss contritionem precedit superbia, Scint. 82, 12.

tó-brocen ; adj. (ptcpl.) Suffering from eruptions :-- Wiþ innan tó-brocenum múðe. Lchdm. ii. 310, 19.

tóbrocen-lic; adj. Frail, perishable :-- Ðysse worulde wela is hwýlwemtlíc and feallendlíc and tóbrocenlíc the wealth of this world is transitory and decaying and frail, Wulfst. 263, 13.

tó-brýsan and -brýsian; p. de To crush, break in pieces :-- Ic tó-brýse tero, Ælfc. Gr. 28, l ; Zup. 165, 14 MS. T. Ealle ðín bán ic tó-brýsige, Nar. 41, 20. Se ðe fylþ uppan ðysne stán hé byþ tóbrýsed (confringetur) ; and hé tóbrýsþ (conteret) ðone ðe hé onuppan fylþ, Mt. Kmbl. 21, 44. Ðú ealle míne bán tóbrísdest, Nar. 45, 5. Ealle his bán heó tóbrýsde, 44, 15. Tóbrýsiende confringem. Ps. Lamb. 28, 5. Gif hwá tóbrýsed sý if any one be crushed (convulsus), Lchdm. i. 122, I. Tóbrysede tigelan, Homl. Skt. i. 8, 169. &yogh;iff he wolide læpenn dun he munnde tobriseun all himm sellfenn, Orm. 12032. Al tobrised bac and þe, Havel. 1950. Tobrusede brake in pieces, Wick. (2 Kings 18, 4).]

tó-brýtan. v. tó-brítan.

tó-ceorfan; p. -cearf, pl. -curfon ; pp. -corfen. I. to cut to pieces, -cut in two, cut up :-- Hé tócearf his basing on emtwá mid sexe, Homl. Th. ii. 500, 26. Hí tócurfon ðone líchaman on manugu sticceo, Shrn. 125, 10. Ða langnysse tóceorfan on pysena gelícnysse, Lchdm. i. 260, 15. Rammes lungen smæl tócorfen, 356, 21. Tócorfen lacerata. Wrt. Voc. ii. 53, 32. Þeáh ðe se beám beó tócoruen, H. R. 105, 15. II. to cut off :-- Tócearf him ða eárelipprica amputavit illi auricula, Mk. Skt. Lind. 14, 47. [Til he wyste who couþe uche kyndam tokerve, Allit. Pms. 88, 1700. O. Frs. tó-kerva

tó-ceówan ; p. -ceaw. pl. -cuwon ; pp. -cowen To chew to pieces, break up by chewing, masticate :-- Ðæt húsel biþ betwux tóðum tócowen, Homl. Th. ii. 270, 33. [Deoflen torendeð ham ant tocheoweð ham euch greot, O. E. Homl. i. 251, 12. Hit tocheoweð ant touret Godes milce, A. R. 202, 16.]

tó-cínan; p. -cán, pl. -cinon ; pp. -cinen To break (intrans. ) into chinks, split, crack :-- Tócínit, tecinid dehiscat, Txts. 57, 653. Tócíneþ, Wrt. Voc. ii. 25, 27: liehiscit, 27, 15. Gif hit (an egg) ne tócíne, tóslenh hwón if it will not crack of itself, crack it slightlywith a tap. Lchdm. iii. 18, 2. Tócinan (-en ?) rimosa, Hpt. Gl. 529, 10. Gemétte hé be wege sumne lícðrowere licgende eal tócinen (the skin all cracked with the disease), Homl. Th. i. 336, 9. [Hie drinkeð þat hie tochineð, O. E. Homl. ii. 199, 32. Þe stan tochan, i. 141, 17. Þæ heorte tochan (-chou, 2nd MS. ), Laym. 21235. Þe roche tochon, Misc. 92, 77.]

tócir-hús, es; -n. An inn; diversorium (di-vertere = tó-cirranq. v.) :-- Tócirhús diversorium, Wrt. Voc. i. 38, 10.

tó-cirran; p. de To tarn in different directions, to part :-- Æfter ðon ðe wit nú tðcyrraþ and tógáne beóþ postqwam ab invicem digressi fuerimus, Bd. 4, 29 ; S. 607, 20 MS. B. Hí mid mycelon unsehte tócyrdon they parted on very bad terms, Chr. 1094 ; Erl. 230, 6. Cf. tó-gán, -hweorfan.

tó-cleófan; p. -cleáf, pl. -clufon ; pp. -clofen To clenve asunder :-- Ic tócleófe (-clefe, MS. J. ) findo, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 6; Zup. 178, 5. Ic tóclæ-acute;fe, Engl. Stud. xi. 65, 38. Gif ðú æ-acute;nne stán tóclífst, ne wyrþ hé næ-acute;fre gegaderod swá hé æ-acute;r wæs, Bt. 34, II; Fox 150, 26. Tóclýfþ findit, i. rupit. Wrt. Voc. ii. 148, 63. Ðonne God ðýsne middangeard tócleófeþ, Blickl. Homl. 109, 35. Ða nýtenu synd clæ-acute;ne ðe tócleófaþ heora cláwa, Homl. Skt. ii. 25, 55. Tócleáf findit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 37, 32. Se réða kyning hine tócleáf on twá, Ælfc. T. Grn. 9, 21. Tócleófende sulcans, Wülck. Gl. 254, 21. Monnes cinbán gif hit biþ tóclofen, gesette mon xii. scitt. tó bóte, L. Alf. pol. 50; Th. 94, 16. Ða sticcu ðæs tóclofenan hriddores, Homl. Th. ii. 154, 19. Óð ðone tóbrocenan beorg ðe ðæ-acute;r is tóclofen, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 251, 6. Æt ðam litlan tóclofenan beorge, iii. 421, 9. Tócleofenan, ii. 249, 26. [In later English the word is used transitively and intransitively. His ban tocluuen, Laym. 1920. Drihhtin toclæf þe sæ, Orm. 14798. He smot and toclef þat heued, R. Glouc. 186, 3. Mine herte shal tocleve. Chauc. T. and C. v. 613. Þe holi goste heuene shal tocleue. Piers P. 12, 141. Þe shell tooclef, Alis. (Skt. ) 1009.] v. un-tóclofen.

tó-olifrian ; p. ode To scratch or tear to pieces :-- Wæs tóclifrod laniatiir, Germ. 398, 174. Hé unscrýdde hine ealne, and wylode hine sylfne on ðam þiccum brémlum and þornum swá lange, ðæt hé eall tóclifrod árás, Homl. Th. ii. 156, 30.

tó-clipigend-líc; adj. Of address or appeal :-- O is tóclypigendlíc abverbium.

tó-clipung, e; f. Invocation, appeal :-- Æ-acute;lc man biþ gefullod on naman ðære Hálgan Ðrynnysse and hé ne mót ná beón eft gefullod, ðæt ne sý forsewen ðære Hálgan Ðrynnysse tóclypung, Homl. Th. ii. 602, 3: Homl. Skt. i. 12, 143: Homl. Th. ii. 48, 15.

tó-cnáwan; p. -cneów; pp. -cnáwen To discern, distinguish, know the difference between, understand :-- Tócnáweþ discernit Blickl. Gl. Tó-cnáwen [beón] dinosci, inlellegi. Wrt. Voc. ii. 140, 30. (l) with acc. :-- Wé geseóþ þurh úre eágan and ealle ðing tócnáwaþ by means of our eyes we see and distinguish all things, . Homl. Th. ii. 372, 27. Ðurh ða gesceádwísnesse wé tócnáwaþ good and yfel and geceósaþ ðæt gód and áweorpaþ ðæt yfel per discretionem virtutes eligimus, delicta reprobamus, Past. 11; Swt. 65, 22. Ða scearpþanclan witan ðe ðone twydæ-acute;ledan wísdóm hlútorlíce tócnáwaþ, Lchdm. iii. 440, 29. Him is neód ðæt hé his ágene wódnesse tócnáwe il it necessary for him to discern his own madness. Homl. Th. ii. 110, 29. Cunne gé tócnáwan heofones híwfaciem coeli dijudicare nostis, Mt. Kmbl. 16, 3. Man mihte his líf. tðcnáwan potuit ejus vita dinosci, R. Ben. 108. 15: Homl. Th. ii. 154, 25. Irre