This is page 65 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

This online edition was created by the Germanic Lexicon Project.

Click here to go to the main page about Cleasby/Vigfusson. (You can download the entire dictionary from that page.)
Click here to volunteer to correct a page of this dictionary.
Click here to search the dictionary.

This page was generated on 13 Mar 2021. The individual pages are regenerated once a week to reflect the previous week's worth of corrections, which are performed and uploaded by volunteers.

The copyright on this dictionary is expired. You are welcome to copy the data below, post it on other web sites, create derived works, or use the data in any other way you please. As a courtesy, please credit the Germanic Lexicon Project.

65 BJARGAURAR -- BJÓÐA.

215, Orkn. 324, of one shipwrecked; b. úti, of cattle, to graze, N. G. L. i. 25; b. sjálfr, to gain one's bread, Grág. i. 294; b. á sínar hendr (spýtur), to support oneself with one's own hands, Fms. ii. 159: of food or drink, cp. bergja; Snorri goði fann, at nafni hans bargst lítt við ostinn, that he got on slowly eating the cheese, Eb. 244; hann spurði, hví hann byrgist svá lítt (v. l. mataðist svá seint), ... why he ate so slowly, id.; verði þér nú at bjargast við slíkt sem til er, you must put up with what you can get, Germ. für lieb nehmen, Eg. 204; hon bað fyrir þær matar ok burgust þær við þat, Clem. 26; hon bjargaðist (= bargst) lítt við þá fæðu er til var, she could hardly eat the food they had (v. l. hjúkaðist), Fs. 174. Part. borginn, used as adj. and even in compar.; impers., erat héra (héri = hegri = duck) at borgnara þótt hæna beri skjöld, the drake is none the better off though a hen shield him, metaph. of a craven, Fs. 174, Fms. vii. 116: [Early Engl. to borrow = to save, 'who borrowed Susanna out of wo,' Sir Guy of Warwick.]

bjarg-aurar, m. pl. = bjargálnir, Mag. 160.

bjarg-álnir, f. pl. means enough for support, bjargálna-maðr, m. a well-to-do man.

bjarg-festr, f. a rope or cord used to save men, Vm. 44.

bjarg-hagr, adj. a dexterous carpenter or smith for household work, Glúm. 355; cp. Sturl. ii. 195.

bjarg-högg, n. = berghögg, hewing rocks to make a road, Bárð. 166.

bjarg-kviðr, m. a law term, a verdict of acquittal given by five neighbours for the defendant, proving an alibi or the like, and produced during the trial; the b. seems to be, in its strict sense, synonymous with heimiliskviðr or heimiskviðr, q.v., cp. Grág, i. 60, 61, where it is defined; fimm búar skulu skilja um bjargkviðu alla, heimilis-búar þess manns er sóttr er, nema ..., vide also 48, 49, 53, 55, 56, etc.

bjarg-leysi, n. starvation, destitution, Grág. i. 238, Gþl. 272, Band. 43.

bjarg-ráð, n. pl. a law term, help or shelter given to an outlaw, in the phrase, úalandi, úráðandi öllum bjargráðum, Grág. ii. 162, etc., Nj. 40.

bjarg-rifa, u, f. a rift in a rock, Eg. 390, Stj. 450.

bjarg-rúnar, f. pl. runes for helping women in labour, Sdm. 9.

bjarg-rýgr, jar, f. pl. ir, a Norse law term, a female witness in a case of paternity, defined, N. G. L. i. 358.

bjarg-ræði, n. and bjargræðisvegir, m. pl. means for support.

bjarg-skora, u, f. a scaur or scar on a hill, Anal. 177, Ann. 1403, Hkr. iii. 323.

bjargs-maðr, m. a hard-working man, Bs. i. 309.

bjarg-snös, f. = bergsnös, a crag. Fas. i. 324, Eg. 389, v.l.

bjarg-vel, adv. well enough, Fms. viii. 68, 126, v.l.

bjarg-vættr, f. (in mod. usage m.), [bjarg, mons, or bjarga, servare], a helping friendly sprite, a good genius, answering to the Christian good angel; according to the heathen belief, the country, esp. hills and mountains, were inhabited by such beings; in the northern creed the bjargvætter are generally a kind of giant of the gentler kind: in mod. usage, a supporter, helper in need; muntu verða mér hinn mesti (masc.) b., Fas. ii. 438, vellum MS. of 15th century; en mesta (fem.) b., Bárð. 168, new Ed. 12.

bjarg-þrota, adj. destitute of means to live.

BJARKAN, n. the Runic letter B, Skálda, v. Introduction.

BJARKEY-, in the word bjarkeyjar-réttr, m. town-law, used as opposed to landslög or landsréttr, county-law, Sks. 22; sökin veit til landslaga en eigi til bjarkeyjarréttar, Fms. vii. 130; vide N. G. L. i. 303-336. It is an illustration of this curious word, that the Danes at present call a justice 'birkedommer,' and the district 'birk;' cp. local names, as in Sweden,--in Birchâ civitate regiâ, Johann. Magnus 542 (Ed. 1554); civitas Birchensis, 556; in Birchâ civitate tum maxima, 541; in Norway, Bjarkey is one of the northern islands, whence the famous Norse family Bjarkeyingar took their name; v. Munch, the pref. to Norge's Beskrivelse. Etym. uncertain; hedged in with birch (?).

BJARMI, a, m. the beaming or radiance of light, not the light itself; sólar-bjarmi, dags-bjarmi; very freq. in mod. usage; no instances from old writers are on record; akin to brími, bjartr, etc. II. pl. Bjarmar (and Bjarmaland n., bjarmskr adj.), name of a people or tribe of the Russian empire, the Perms of the present day; vide K. Alfred's Orosius i. 1, 14 sq., Ó. H. ch. 122, Fas. ii. 511 sqq.

bjarnar-, v. björn.

bjarn-báss, m. a pit for catching bears, Gþl. 457; used proverb., Hkr. i. 235.

bjarn-dýri, and mod. bjarndýr, n. a bear, Fms. vi. 298, Nj. 35, Fs. 27, 148, 182.

bjarn-eggjan, f. the egging a bear on to figbt, a Norse law term, of a brutal provocation, N. G. L. i. 74.

bjarn-feldr, m. a bear's fell, bear-skin cloak, Vm. 91, Pm. 120, Jm. 28.

bjarn-fell, n. id., Vm. 22, Ám. 81.

bjarn-gjöld, n. pl. 'bear-gild,' reward for killing a bear, Fs. 150.

bjarn-húnn, m. a young bear, Þórð. 17 (Ed. 1860).

bjarn-ígull, m. echinus terrestris urseus, Rb. 348, Hb. 29 (Ed. 1865).

bjarn-ólpa, u, f. an outer jacket of bear-skin, Korm. 114.

bjarn-skinn, n. a bear-skin, B. K. 83, Ld. 114, Korm. 112.

bjarn-staka, u, f. a bear-skin, Edda (pref.) 151.

bjarn-sviða, u, f. a large knife for killing bears, Eb. 298, Fas. iii. 546.

bjarn-veiðar, f. pl. bear-hunting. N. G. L. i. 46.

bjarn-ylr, s, m. bear's warmth, the vital warmth of an ice-bear; it was believed in Icel. (vide Ísl. Þjóðs. i. 610) that a child born on the hide of an ice-bear would be proof against frost and cold; people hardy against cold are therefore said 'to have bear's warmth' (bjarnyl), vide Háv. 39.

bjart-eygr and -eygðr, adj. bright-eyed, Fms. iv. 38, Bs. i. 66, Hkr. iii. 184, Ó. H. 245.

bjart-haddaðr, adj. a fair-haired lady, Lex. Poët.

bjart-leikr, in. brightness, Hom. 60, Rb. 336, Fms. i. 228, Magn. 468.

bjart-leitr, adj. of bright countenance, bright-looking, Fms. v. 319.

bjart-liga, adv. (and -ligr, adj.), clearly, Stj. 26.

bjart-litaðr, adj. = bjartleitr, Hkv. Hjörv. 27.

BJARTR, adj. [Ulf. bairts = GREEK; A. S. beorht; Engl. bright; Hel. berht; in Icel. per metath. bjartr; cp. birti, etc.], bright; Lat. clarus is rendered by bjartr, Clar. 128; bjart ljós, Fms. i. 96; bjart tunglskin, Nj. 118; sólskin, Fms. ii. 300; veðr, i. 128: of hue, complexion, b. líkami, Hkr. iii. 179, Nj. 208; hönd, Bb. 3. 20. 2. metaph. illustrious; með b. sigri, Fms. x. 253; in a moral sense, Stj. 141.

bjart-viðri, n. bright weather, Bárð. 175.

BJÁLFI, bjálbi, a, m. a fur, skin, Fms. v. 207, 236; esp. in the cornpds hrein-bjálfi, geit-bjálbi, flug-bjiálbi, Haustl. 12. Etym. uncertain, perh. a Slav. word. 2. used as a pr. name, Landn.

BJÁLKI, a, m. [Hel. balco; Swed. and Dan. bjelke; Germ, balke; prob. akin to bálkr], a balk, beam, Gþl. i. 346.

BJOÐA, bauð, buðu, boðit; pres. byð; pret. subj. byða; pret. sing, with the suffixed negative, bauðat, Edda 90 (in a verse); the obsolete middle form buðumk, mibi obtulit, nobis obtulerunt, occurs in Egil Höfuðl. 2; [Ulf. biudan; A. S. biodan; Engl. bid; Germ. bieten; Swed. biuda; Dan. byde] :-- Lat. offerre, proferre, with dat. of the person, acc. of the thing: I. to bid, offer; þeir höfðu boðit honum laun, they had offered him rewards, Fms. i. 12; Þorsteinn bauð at gefa Gunnlaugi hestinn, Ísl. ii. 213; b. grið, to offer pardon, Fms. i. 181; þeir buðu at gefa upp borgina, ix. 41; bauð hann þeim, at göra alla bændr óðalborna, i. 20; býðr, at hann muni görast hans maðr, xi. 232; en ek býð þér þó, at synir mínir ríði með þér, Nj. 93; Írar buðu sik undir hans vald, Fms. x. 131. 2. reflex, to offer oneself, volunteer one's service; buðusk honum þar menn til fylgðar, Fms. ix. 4; mun ek nú til þess bjóðask í sumar á þingi, Ld. 104, Sks. 510; þeim er þá býðsk, Grág. i. 284; Þóroddr bauðsk til þeirrar farar, Hkr. ii. 247; ef þú býðsk í því, Fms. xi. 121. 3. metaph., b. ófrið, ójöfnuð, rangindi, liðsmun, of ill usage, Ld. 148, Rb. 418; b. e-m rangt, to treat one unjustly, Hom. 155: with an adverb, b. e-m sæmiliga, to treat one in seemly sort, Ld. 66; b. á boð e-s, to outbid one, N. G. L. iii. no. 49. II. to bid, invite, cp. boð, a banquet; prob. ellipt., hospitality or the like being understood; Özurr bauð þeim inn í búðina at drekka, Nj. 4; heim vil ek b. þér í sumar, 93; honum var boðit til boðs, 50; hann bauð þá þegar þar at vera Gizuri Hallssyni, Bs. i. 128; gékk Bárðr móti honum ok fagnaði honum, ok bauð honum þar at vera, Eg. 23; b. mönnum til boðs, to bid guests to a banquet, wedding, or the like, Ld. 104. III. to bid, order, Lat. imperare, cp. boð, bidding; sem lög buðu, as the law prescribed, Fms. i. 81; svá bauð oss Guð, Post. 645. 88; b. af landi, to order one out of the land, make him an outlaw, Fms. vii. 20; b. af embætti, to depose, Sturl. ii. 119; b. út, a Norse milit. term, to call out, levy, cp. útboð, a levy; b. út leiðangri, b. út liði, skipum, to levy troops, ships, Fms. i. 12, 61, vi. 219, 251, 400, x. 118, Eg. 31, cp. N. G. L. i. ii; b. e-m crendi, to commit a thing to one's charge, Fms. vii. 103; b. varnað á e-u, or b. til varnanar, to forbid, xi. 94, Edda 59: with prepp., b. e-m um (cp. umboð, charge), to delegate to one, commit to one's charge; þeim manni er biskup hefir um boðit, at nefna vátta, K. Þ. K. 64; þess manns er biskup bauð um at taka við fé því, K. Á. 96, Sks. 460 B; hann keypti til handa Þorkatli þá hluti er hann hafði um boðit, the things that he had given charge about, Grett. 102 A; Hermundr bauð nú um Vermundi, at vera fyrir sína hönd, Rd. 251. 2. eccl. to proclaim, announce, esp. as rendering of mid. Lat. praedicare; b. sið, trú, Kristni, to proclaim, preach a new religion, Nj. 156, 158, Fms. i. 32; b. messudag, sunnudag, to proclaim a holy day, N. G. L. i. 348. IV. of a mental state, to bode, forebode; e-m býðr hugr (cp. hugboð, foreboding), one's heart bodes, Fms. v. 38, 24, Eg. 21; mér býðr þat eitt í skap (my heart bodes), at þú verðir meira stýrandi en nú ertu, Bs. i. 468; mér byðr þat fyrir, which makes me forbode, Fms. ii. 193; e-m býðr hugr við (whence viðbjóðr, dislike), to abhor, dislike; er honum hafði lengi hugr við boðit, Bs. i. 128. 2. impers., mér býðr ávallt hita (acc.) er ek kem í þeirra flokk, a boding comes over me, i.e. I feel uneasy, whenever ..., Fms. iii. 189; mér bauð ótta (acc.), I felt a thrilling, Bs. i. 410; b. úþekt, to loathe, Grett. 111 A; b. þekt, to feel pleasure; bauð þeim mikla þekt er þeir sá líkit, Bs. i. 208: the phrase, e-m býðr við at horfa, of a frame of mind, to be so and so minded; miklir eru þér frændr borði, ef yðr býðr svá við at horfa, Band. 7 (MS. 2845). β. the phrase, þat býðr, it