This is page 135 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

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EYÐISKOGR -- EYRENDL 135

n. a wild rock, skerry, Fs. 18. eyði-skógr, m. a wild 'shaw' (wood),

Stj. 485. eyði-staðr, m. a barren place, 655 xiii B, Bs. i. 204. eyði-

tröð, f. a desolate lane. Sturl. ii. 209, cp. auða tröð, Hkm. 20. eyði-

veggr, m. a deserted building, ruin, Karl. 2.

eyði-legging, f. desolation, Matth. xxiv. 15.

eyði-leggja, lagði, to lay waste, N. T.

eyði-liga, adv. in a forlorn state, Stj. 113.

eyði-ligr, adj. empty, in metaph. sense, sad, cheerless; veikligr ok e.,

weakly and cheerless, Fas. ii. 30; e. veraldar riki, v. 343; ýmislegt né

e., 677. 2: medic., e-m er eyðiligt, one feels empty (hollow) and uneasy:

also in the phrase, e-t er eyðiligt, strange, unpleasant.

eyðsla, u, f. waste, squandering. COMPDS: eyðslu-maðr, m. a

spendthrift, þorst. hv. 35. eyðslu-semi, f. extravagance.

Ey-firzkr, adj., Ey-firðingar, m. pl. men from Eyjafirth in Icel., Landn.

eygir, m. one who frightens, a terror, Lex. Poët.

eygja, ð, to furnish with a loop or eye, Fins. xi. 304. β. [Dan. öjne],

to see, esp. to see far off, Clar. 176.

ey-gló, f. the ever-glowing, poët, the sun, Alm. 17.

ey-góðr, adj. [Dan. ejegod], 'ever-good,' cognom. of a Danish king,

Fms. xi.

EYGR, later form eygðr, which, however, is freq. in MSS. of the

14th century, adj. [auga]:-- having eyes of a certain kind; vel e., with

fine eyes, Stj. 460. I Sam. xvi. 12, Nj. 39: e. manna bezt, Ísl. ii. 190,

Fms. vi. 438, xi. 79; mjök eygðr, large-eyed, Þorf. Karl. 422; eigi vel

eyg, not good looking, Fms, iii. 216; e. mjök ok vel, with large and

fine eyes, Eb. 30, Fb. i.545; e. forkunnar vel, with eyes exceeding fine,

Fms. iv. 38; esp. freq. in compds: in the Sagas a man is seldom described

without marking the colour, shape, or expression ol his eyes, fagr-e.,

bjart-e., dökk-e., svart-e., blá-e., grá-e., mó-e.; the shape also, opin-e.,

út-e., inn-e., smá-e., stór-e., etc.; the lustre of the eye, snar-e., fast-e.,

hvass-e., frán-e., dapr-e., etc.; expressing disease, vát-e., rauð-e., ein-e.; ex-

pressing something wrong in the eye, hjá-e., til-e., rang-e., etc., Fél.ix.192.

eyj-óttr, adj. full of islands, Fb. i. 541.

eyk-hestr, m. a cart-horse, Eg. 149, Fb. ii. 332.

eyki, n. a vehicle; hestr ok e., Dropl. 26.

EYKR, m., pl. eykir, gen. eykia, [Swed. ök Dan. ög: akin to ok,

a yoke]:-- a beast of draught; úlfalda ok eyki, Stj. 393; hross eðr eyk,

Grág. i. 434; þat er einn e. má draga, ii. 362; þeir hvildu sik þar ok

eyki sína, Eg. 586 (travelling in a sledge); eykja fóðr, fodder for eykr,

N.G.L. i. 38: eykr includes oxen, horses, etc.,-- eykjum, hestum ok

uxum, cattle, whether horses or oxen, Fms. v. 249; eyk, uxa eðr hross,

Jb. 52; uxa ok asna, þá sömu eyki ... , Mar.; hefi ek öngva frétt af at

nokkurr þeirra hafi leitt eyki Þórs (of Thor in his wain with the he-

goats), Fb. i. 321: metaph., Bs. i. 294. II. the passage Bs. i. 674

--þar er þeir höfðu eykinn búit -- ought to be read 'eikjuna,' vide eikja.

eykja-gerfi, n. the harness of an eykr, Ýt. 10; jötuns-e., the giants' e.,

i. e. a wild ox, poët., 14: in poetry ships are called the eykir of the sea-

kings and the sea.

eyk-reiði, n. the harness of an eykr, Gþl. 358.

EYKT, eykð, f. three or half-past three o'clock P. M.; many commen-

taries have been written upon this word, as by Pal Vidalin Skýr., Finn

Johnson in H.E. i. 153 sqq. note 6, and in Horologium, etc. The time

of eykð is clearly defined in K.Þ.K. 92 as the time when the sun has past

two parts of the 'útsuðr' (q.v.) and has one part left, that is to say, half-past

three o'clock P.M.: it thus nearly coincides with the eccl. Lat. nona (three

o'clock P. M.); and both eykt and nona are therefore used indiscrimi-

nately in some passages. Sunset at the time of 'eykð' is opposed to sun-

rise at the time of 'dagmál,' q.v. In Norway 'ykt' means a luncheon

taken about half-past three o'clock. But the passage in Edda--that

autumn ends and winter begins at sunset at the time of eykt--con-

founded the commentators, who believed it to refer to the conventional

Icel.winter, which (in the old style) begins with the middle of October, and

lasts six months. In the latitude of Reykholt--the residence of Snorri--

the sun at this time sets about half-past four. Upon this statement the

commentators have based their reasoning both in regard to dagmál and

eykt, placing the eykt at half-past four P.M. and dagmál at half-past seven

A.M., although this contradicts the definition of these terms in the law.

The passage in Edda probably came from a foreign source, and refers not

to the Icel. winter but to the astronomical winter, viz. the winter solstice

or the shortest day; for sunset at half-past three is suited not to Icel.,

but to the latitude of Scotland and the southern parts of Scandinavia.

The word is also curious from its bearing upon the discovery of America

by the ancients, vide Fb. 1. c. This sense (half-past three) is now obsolete

in Icel., but eykt is in freq. use in the sense of trihorium, a time of three

hours; whereas in the oldest Sagas no passage has been found bearing

this sense, -- the Bs. i. 385, 446, and Hem. l.c. are of the 13th and 14th

centuries. In Norway ykt is freq. used metaph. of all the four meal times

in the day, morning-ykt, midday-ykt, afternoon-ykt (or ykt proper), and

even-ykt. In old MSS. (Grág., K.Þ.K., Hem., Heið.S.) this word is always

spelt eykð or eykþ, shewing the root to be 'auk' with the fem, inflex.

added; it probably first meant the eke-meal, answering to Engl. lunch, and

thence came to mean the time of day at which this meal was taken. The

eccl. law dilates upon the word, as the Sabbath was to begin at 'hora

nona;' hence the phrase, eykt-helgr dagr (vide below). The word can

have no relation to átta, eight, or átt, plaga coeli. At present Icel.

say, at eykta-mótum, adv. at great intervals, once an eykt, once in

three hours. I. half-past three; þá er eykð er útsuðrs-átt er

deild í þriðjunga, ok hefir sól gengna tvá hluti en einn ógenginn, K.Þ.K.

92; net skal öll upp taka fyrir eykð, 90; helgan dag eptir eykð, 88;

ef þeir hafa unnit á eykð, 94; enda skal hann undan honum hafa boðit

fyrir miðjan dag en hinn skal hafa kosit at eykþ, Grág. i. 198; ok á

maðr kost at stefna fyrir eykþ ef vill, 395; í þat mund dags er tók út

eyktina, Fms. xi. 136; eptir eykt dags, rendering of the Lat. 'vix decima

parte diei reliqua,' Róm. 313; þeir gengu til eyktar, ok höfðu farit árla

morguns, en er nón var dags, etc., Fs. 176; at eykð dags þá kómu heim

húskarlar Barða. Ísl. ii. 329; nú vættir mik at þar komi þér nær eykð

dags, 345; var þat nær eykð dags, 349; var hón at veraldligu verki

þangat til er kom eykð, þá fór hón til bænar sinnar at nóni, . Hom.

(St.) 59. COMPDS: eykðar-helgr, adj. = eykthelgr, Hom. (St.) 13.

eyktar-staðr, m. the place of the sun at half-past three P. M.; meira

var þar jafndægri en á Grænlandi eðr Íslandi, sól hafði þar eyktar-stað

ok dagmála-stað um skamdegi, Fb. i. 539, -- this passage refers to the

discovery of America; but in A.A. l.c. it is wrongly explained as denot-

ing the shortest day nine hours long, instead of seven; it follows that the

latitude fixed by the editors of A.A. is too far to the south; frá jafn-

dægri er haust til þess er sól setzk í eykðarstað, þá er vetr til jafndægris,

Edda 103. eykðar-tíð, n. the hour of eykð,=Lat. nona, Hom. (St.)

1.c. II. trihorium; en er liðin var nær ein eykt dags, Bs. i. 446;

at þat mundi verit hafa meir en hálf eykt, er hann vissi ekki til sín, 385;

þessi flaug vanst um eina eykð dags, Hem. (Hb.)

eykt-heilagr, adj. a day to be kept holy from the hour of eykt, or half-

past three P.M., e.g. Saturday, Grág. i. 395.

ey-kyndill, m. 'isle-candle,' cognom. of a fair lady, Bjarn.

ey-land, n. an island, Fms. i. 233, xi. 230, Eb. 316. β. the island

Öland in Sweden, A.A. 290.

ey-lífr, v. eilífr.

EYMA, d, [aumr], to feel sore; in the phrase, e. sik, to wail, Hom.

155: reflex., eymask, id., Post.(Fr.) β. impers., in the metaph.

phrase, það eymir af e-u, one feels sore, of after-pains, Fas. iii. 222: in

mod. usage also of other things, whatever can still be smelt or felt, as if

it came from eimr, q.v.

eymd (eymð), f. misery, Fms. i. 223, ii. 126, vi. 334, viii. 242: in pl.,

Stj. 38; af lítilli e., Fas. i. 215. COMPDS: eymðar-skapr and

eymdar-háttr, m. wretchedness. eymðar-tíð, f. and eymðar-

tími, a, m. time of misery, 655 xxxii. 2. Stj. 404, Karl. 248.

eymðar-ligr, adj. (-liga, adv.), pitiful, piteous, Post.

eymstr, n., medic. a sore, sore place.

EYRA, n., pl. eyru, gen. eyrna, [Lat. auris; Goth, ausô: A. S. eâre;

Engl. ear; O.H.G. ôra; Germ, ohr; Swed. öra, öron; Dan. öre, ören]:

--an ear; eyrum hlýðir, en augum skoðar, he listens with his ears, but

looks with his eyes, Hm. 7:--proverbs, mörg eru konungs eyru, many are

the king's ears, Orkn. 252; þar eru eyru sæmst sem óxu, the ears fit best

where they grow, i.e. a place for everything and everything in its place,

Nj. 80; láta inn um eitt eyrat en út um hitt, to let a thing in at one ear

and out at the other; láta e-t sem vind um eyrun þjóta, to let a thing

blow like the wind about one's ears, i.e. heed it not; Grími var sem við

annat eyrat gengi út þat er Þorsteinn mælti, Brand. 60; svá var sem Kálfi

færi um annat eyrat út þótt hann heyrði slíkt talað, Fms. xi. 46; skjóta

skolla-eyrum við e-u, to turn a fox's ear (a deaf ear) to a thing; þar er

mér úlfs ván er ek eyru sé'k, I can guess the wolf when I see his ears, Fm.

35, Finnb. 244; við eyra e-m, under one's nose, Ld. 100; mæla í e. e-m,

to speak into one's ear, Fg. 549; hafa nef í eyra e-m, to put one's nose in

one's ear, i.e. to be a tell-tale, Lv. 57; leiða e-n af eyrum, to get rid of

one, Ísl. ii. 65; setja e-n við eyra e-m, to place a person at one's ear, of

an unpleasant neighbour, Ld. 100; UNCERTAIN (hnefann) við eyra Hými, gave

Hymir a box on the ear, Edda 36; e-m loðir e-t í eyrum, it cleaves to

one's ears, i. e. one remembers, Bs. i. 163; reisa, sperra eyrun, to prick up

the ears, etc.; koma til eyrna e-m, to come to one's ears, Nj. 64; roðna

út undir bæði eyru, to blush from ear to ear. COMPDS: eyrna-blað,

n. (Sks. 288, v.l.), eyrna-blaðkr, m., eyrna-snepill, m. (Korm. 86,

H. E. i. 492), the lobe of the ear. eyrna-búnaðr, m. (Stj. 396),

eyrna-gull, n. (Stj. 311, 396), eyrna-hringr, m. ear-rings. eyrna-

lof, n. 'ear-praise,' vain praise, Barl. 63. eyrna-mark, n. ear-crop-

ping, of animals, Grág. ii. 308, cp. 309, Jb. 291. eyra-runa, u,

f. a rowning of secrets in one's ear, poët, a wife, Vsp. 45, Hm. 116.

eyrna-skefill, m. an ear-pick. II. some part of a ship, Edda

(Gl.) β. a handle, e.g. on a pot. γ. anatom., óhljóðs-eyru, the auricles

of the heart. δ. hunds-eyru, dogs-ears (in a book).

eyra-rós, f., botan. a flower, epilobium montanum, Hjalt.

EYRENDI or öreneji, erendi, n. [A. S. ærend = mandatum; Engl.

errand; Hel. arundi; O.H.G. arunti; Swed. ärende; Dan. œrende;

akin to árr, a messenger, vide p. 45, and not, as some suggest, from