This is page 258 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

This online edition was created by the Germanic Lexicon Project. Click here to go to the main page about Cleasby/Vigfusson. (You can download the entire dictionary from that page.) Click here to volunteer to correct a page of this dictionary. Click here to search the dictionary. This page was generated on 13 Mar 2021. The individual pages are regenerated once a week to reflect the previous week's worth of corrections, which are performed and uploaded by volunteers. The copyright on this dictionary is expired. You are welcome to copy the data below, post it on other web sites, create derived works, or use the data in any other way you please. As a courtesy, please credit the Germanic Lexicon Project.

258 HERFA -- HERGANGA.

herfa, u, f., prop. a skein, Swed. härfua. 2. metaph. a limp, lazy fellow, a coward; hann er mesta herfa. herfu-skapr, m. cowardice.

HERFI, n. [Dan. harv; Engl. harrow], a harrow, Akv. 16 (hervi), Gþl. 358, 359.

herfi-liga, adv. 'harrowingly,' wretchedly, Fms. x. 253, Fb. i. 93.

herfi-ligr, adj. 'harrowing,' wretched, ragged, Eluc. 21, Fms. vii. 157, x. 222, Stj. 20, 39, Nj. 197.

her-fjöturr, vide herr.

HÉRI, a, m. [A. S. hara; Engl. hare; Germ. hase; Dan. hare] :-- a hare, Karl. 518, Pr. 479, Orkn. 426, Sks. 186, MS. 1812. 18: in the phrase, hafa héra hjarta, to be hare-hearted, Fms. ii. 68, viii. 314, Bs. i. 782. héra-fótr, m., prop. a herb, hare's foot, trefoil: nickname of a Danish king, Harefoot. II. in the saying in Fms. vii. 116 the word héri seems to be = hegri (q.v.), a heron.

HERJA, að, [A. S. hergian; Scot. to herry or harry; Dan. hærge] :-- to go harrying or freebooting, Nj. 127, Eg. 78, 228, Fms. i. 10, Grág. i. 135, passim. II. trans. with acc. to harry, despoil, waste; Haraldr konungr herjaði landit ok átti orrostur, Fms. i. 5; herja land, Mirm.; at herjuðu helvíti, having harried hell, Karl. 279; borgir ok þorp er aðrir höfðu herjað (harried, taken by force) af hans eign, Fms. x. 231; (whence the mod. phrase, h. e-ð út úr e-m, to harry a thing out of one, press him till he yields it up); herja mönnum til Kristindóms, to harry, drive people to Christianity, N. G. L. i. 344; Fjandinn herjar menn ór Kristninni, Rb. 400. III. reflex., herjask á, to harry (wage war on) one another, Hkr. ii. 75.

herjan, f. a harrying, Magn. 464.

Herjan, m. [herr], Lord of Hosts, a name of Odin, Edda. II. the evil one, a term of abuse. COMPDS: herjans-kerling, f. a hag, Bs. ii. 134. herjans-liga, adv. wickedly, Clar. Herjans-sonr, m. a 'Devil's limb,' Lv. 58, Fb. i. 256, Fas. i. 107, iii. 607, 655, Þiðr. 106, 111.

herkinn, adj. enduring hardness, 2 Tim. ii. 3.

herkja, t, to do with the utmost difficulty; herkja þeir þá í annat sinn norðr fyrir Langanes, Bs. i. 483.

herkja, u, f. [harki], dearth (?), a nickname, Landn.: the name of a giantess, Edda (Gl.): in the phrase, með herkjum or með herkjumunum, with the utmost difficulty.

her-ligr, adj. [from herra; Germ. herrlich; Dan. herlig], lordly; herlegra mann undir vápnum né tíguligra, Fms. vii. 69; h. höfðingi, 603 (non habent isti dominum, of the Vulgate); h. kerrur (currus), Stj. 573. 1 Kings x. 26; herligt kaprún (stuff), Sturl. iii. 306, v.l.: unclass. and not much used, except in poetry, háðir eitt herligt stríð, Pass. 19, 13; herligt er æ hermanns stand, Bjarni.

HERMA, d, [the root uncertain], to relate, prop. perhaps to repeat, report; en ef nokkurr maðr hermir þessi orð eðr vísur, Nj. 68; hann spurði þá, hvárt hann hermdi rétt, whether he reported true, 24; h. frá orðum e-s, Fms. vii. 73, Sks. 557; h. orð e-s, id.; hann hermdi hversu hann hafði talat, Stj. 65. β. herma eptir e-m, to imitate another's voice, to mimic, esp. in a bad sense, Gísl. 49, Ísl. ii. 346; cp. the saying, sjaldan lætr sá betr er eptir hermir.

HERMASK, d, dep. [harmr], to wax wroth, be annoyed; henni hermdisk við líkaminn ok blótaði honum, Hom. 150. II. n. part. hermt; e-m verðr h. við e-t, to wax angry with a thing; bóndi sprettr þá upp ok verðr hermt við, Ísl. ii. 175; honum görði mjök hermt við þessu, it annoyed him much, Grett. 23 new Ed., Þiðr. 115, 355; for the mod. phrase, -- e-m verðr hverft (hermt) við e-ð, to be startled, mér varð hverft víð, of sudden emotion (fright or the like), -- see hverfr.

hermd, f. vexation, anger, Barl. 115 (v.l.), Hkv. i. 47. COMPDS: hermdar-orð (Fagrsk. 153) and hermdar-yrði, n. angry words, spiteful words, Nj. 281. hermdar-verk, n., dub. a deed of revenge, or perhaps rather a deed of renown, a feat; mikil verða hermdarverk, ek hefi spunnit tólf álna garn en þú hefir vegit Kjartan, Ld. 224; vide herma.

hermi-kráka, u, f. an 'aping-crow,' a mimicker, Gísl. 51.

hermi-liga, adv. (hermila, Hallfred), right angrily, Barl. 184, Al. 144, Fms. ii. 279, Clem. 36; hefna hermila, to take a fierce revenge, Hallfred.

herming, f. [hermask], indignation, Lv. 75. II. [herma], a report, D. N. (Fr.)

Hermskr, adj. Armenian, Grág., Bs.

hermsl, n. = hermd, Barl. 115.

hermur, f. pl., in eptir-hermur, q.v., aping, mimicry.

hérna, adv., herno, Fms. (Ágrip) x. 409 :-- here (see Gramm. p. xxviii, col. 2, signif. II), Fms. vii. 197; sé hérna, see here now! behold! Ísl. ii. 364, Stj. 22, 62: hérna, instead of hér, is very freq. in conversation; herno, konungr (behold, O king!), fögnuðr er oss á, attú ert svá kátr, Fms. x. 409.

hernaðr (hernuðr), m. a harrying, plundering, as a law term, Grág. ii. 134-136; hefja hernoð ok rán, Bs. i. 493; hafa e-t at hernaði, to rob, N. G. L. i. 344. II. warfare, a raid, foray; fara í hernað, Nj. 41, Fms. i. 144; hefja hernað, to wage war, vii. 7, passim. COMPDS: hernaðar-fólk, n. pl. plunderers, Hkr. iii. 67. hernaðar-menn, m. pl. forayers, Fms. vii. 18, xi. 226. hernaðar-ráð, n. pl. a planning for plunder, Grág. ii. 135. hernaðar-sök, f. a case of raid, Sturl. ii. 79.

herneskja, u, f. [from the Fr. harnois, Engl. harness], armour, Stj. 287, 466, Gullþ. 11, Þiðr. 100, Barl., N. G. L. ii. (Hirðskrá, ch. 32): men of war, Barl. passim.

HERPA, u, f. [harpa II], in munn-herpa, mouth-cramp, a contraction of the lips by cold.

herpast, t, to be contracted as with cramp.

herpingr, m. chilling (cramping) cold, herpings-kuldi, herpings-frost, n. a nipping, bitter frost.

HERR, m., old gen. herjar, pl. herjar, herja, herjum; later gen. hers, dropping the characteristic j and without pl.; the old form however often occurs in ancient poets, herjar, Hkr. i. 343 (in a verse), Fms. xi. 311 (in a verse), Fas. ii. 38 (in a verse); eins herjar, Hm. 72; as also, allt herjar, Hom. 39; herjum, in herjum-kunnr. famous, Háttat. R.; in prose the old j has been preserved in alls-herjar, Fms. v. 106, see pp. 16, 17; the pl. -jar occurs in Ein-herjar, see p. 121: in compd pr. names with initial vowel, Herj-ólfr (A. S. Herewulf), Herjan; [Goth. harjis, by which Ulf. renders GREEK, Luke viii. 30, and GREEK, ii. 13; A. S. here; O. H. G. and Hel. heri; Germ. heer; Dutch heir; Swed. här; Dan. hær] :-- prop. a host, multitude: 1. a host, people in general, like GREEK in Homer; herr er hundrað, a hundred makes a herr, Edda 108; allr herr, all people, Fms. i. 194, vi. 428 (in a verse); allr herr unni Ólafi konungi hugástum, vi. 441; whence in prose, alls-herjar, totius populi, general, universal, passim; dómr alls-herjar, universal consent, v. 106; Drottinn alls-herjar, Lord of Sabaoth (hosts), Stj. 428, 456; allt herjar, adv. everywhere; lýsti of allt herjar af ljósinu, Hom. 39; Sænskr herr, the Swedish people; Danskr herr, the Danish people; Íslenzkr herr, the Icelandic people, Lex. Poët.; land-herr (q.v.), the people of the land; en nú sé ek hér útalligan her af landsfólki, a countless assembly of men, Fms. xi. 17; þing-herr, an assembly, Sighvat; Einherjar, the chosen people (rather than chosen warriors); þegi herr meðan, Eb. (in a verse); herjum-kunnr, known to all people, Lex. Poët.; and in compds, her-bergi (q.v.), etc. 2. a host; með her manns, with a host of men, Eg. 71, 277; úvígr herr, an overwhelming host, Fms. viii. 51; himin og jörð og allr þeirra her, Gen. ii. 1, passim; cp. her-margr, many as a host, innumerable. β. an army, troops, on land and sea, Fms. i. 22, 90, Nj. 245, and in endless instances; cp. herja, to harry, and other compds: of a fleet, þrjú skip þau sem hann keyri ór herinum, Fms. x. 84; cp. hers-höfðingi: so in the phrase, hers-hendr, leysa e-n ór hers-höndum, to release one out of the hands of war, N. G. L. i. 71; vera í hers höndum, komast í hers hendr, to come into a foe's hands. 3. in a bad sense, the evil host, the fiends, in swearing, Gþl. 119; herr hafi e-n, fiends take him! Fms. vi. 278; herr hafi hölds ok svarra hagvirki! Ísl. ii. (in a verse); hauga herr, vide haugr; and in compds, her-kerling, her-líki. II. in pr. names: 1. prefixed, of men, Her-brandr, Her-finnr, Her-gils, Her-grímr, Herj-ólfr, Her-laugr, Her-leifr, Her-mundr, Her-rauðr, Her-steinn, Hervarðr; of women, Her-borg, Her-dís, Her-gunnr, Her-ríðr, Her-vör, Her-þrúðr, Landn.: in Har-aldr (Harold) the j is dropped without causing umlaut. Herjan and Herja-föðr, m. the Father of hosts = Odin, Edda, Hdl. 2. suffixed, -arr, in Ein-arr, Agn-arr, Ótt-arr, Böðv-arr, Úlf-arr, etc., see Gramm. p. xxxii, col. 1, signif. B. 1.

B. COMPDS: her-baldr, m. a prince of hosts, Bkv. her-bergi, see the words. her-blástr, m. a blast of trumpets, Eg. 88, 284, Fms. vii. 70, 288, Stj. 394. Her-blindi, a, m. one who strikes the hosts with blindness, a name of Odin, cp. Yngl. S. ch. 6. her-boð, n. a war summons, Eg. 9, Fms. xi. 244; herboðsör = herör, Gþl. 83. her-borg, f. a castle, Hervar. (in a verse). her-brestr, m. an explosion chemically contrived, Bs. i. 798 (Laur. S.), mentioned or perhaps invented by Albertus Magnus. her-búðir, f. pl. a camp, Al. 4, Eg. 291, Fms. iii. 51, xi. 85, Róm. 265, Stj. passim. her-búinn, part. armed, Str. 12. her-búnaðr, m. an armament, Eg. 286, Nj. 273, Fms. iv. 82, x. 49. her-drengr, m. a warrior, Edda (in a verse). her-drótt, f., poët. war-hosts. her-fall, n., poët. an onslaught, Sighvat. her-fang, n. booty, Nj. 43, Fms. ii. 2, vii. 8, Fb. ii. 46, Rb. 386, Sks. 782, passim. her-fenginn, part. captured, 625. 66, Hom. 118, Sks. 631. her-ferð, f. warfare, a military expedition, Róm. 264, Fms. vii. 148, xi. 244: a host, Mar. her-fjöturr, m. a mythical term, 'war-fetter:' a valiant man who in the stress of battle feels himself spell-bound, and unable to stir, was in old lore said to be caught in a 'war-fetter;' this was attributed to the weird sisters of battle (the Valkyrias), as is shewn by the fact that one of them was called Herfjöturr, Shackle, Edda (Gl.); they were the messengers of Odin, by whom the warriors were doomed to death (kjósa val); the passages referring to this lore are Fms. viii. 170, Sturl. ii. 233, Ísl. ii. 104 twice (Harð. S.) :-- a similar belief appears in the Greek, see Od. xxii. 297 sqq., Iliad xiii. 358-360, xxii. 5 sqq. her-flokkr, m. a battalion, Fms. i. 92, ix. 379. her-floti, a, m. a war-fleet, N. G. L. i. 103. her-foringi, a, m. a commander. her-fólk, n. war-people, men of war, Bs. ii. 106, Stj. 295. her-fórur, f. pl. harness, Stj. 287, Mag. 82, 92, 97. her-færr, adj. able for war service, Gþl. 269, Fms. i. 55, xi. 291, Ó. H. 87. Her-föðr, m. Father of Hosts, a name of Odin, Edda. her-för, f. = herferð, Eg. 5, Fms. i. 151, Fb. ii. 84. her-gammr, m. a bird of prey, vulture, poët. the eagle, Ýt. her-ganga, u, f.