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Bosworth, Joseph and T. Northcote Toller. 1989. _An Anglo-Saxon
dictionary, based on the manuscript collections of the late Joseph
Bosworth._ 1302 pp.
Toller, T. Northcote. 1921. _An Anglo-Saxon dictionary, based
on the manuscript collections of the late Joseph Bosworth.
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A
A. It is not necessary to speak of the form of what are often called Anglo-Saxon letters, as all Teutonic, Celtic, and Latin manuscripts of the same age are written in letters of the same form. There is one exception: the Anglo-Saxons had, with great propriety, two different letters for the two distinct sounds of our th: the hard þ in thin and sooth, UNCERTAIN and the soft ð in thine and soothe, vide Þ, þ. 2. The indigenous Pagan alphabet of our Anglo-Saxon forefathers, called Runes, it must be particularly observed, not only represents our letters, but the names of the letters are significant. The Runes are chiefly formed by straight lines to be easily carved on wood or stone. For instance, the Rune RUNE ác is not only found in inscriptions on wood and stone, but in Anglo-Saxon MSS. and printed books. In manuscripts and in books, it sometimes denotes the letter a; and, at other times, the oak, from its Anglo-Saxon name, ác the oak. v. AC, and RÚN.
B. The short or unaccented Anglo-Saxon a is contained in the following words, which are represented by modern English terms of the same import, having the sound of a in man; as Can, man, span, hand, land, sand, camp, dranc, etc. 2. The short a is often found in the final syllables of inflections, -a, -an, -as, -aþ, etc. It generally appears in the radix before a doubled consonant, as swamm a fungus, wann wan; or two different consonants, as mp, mb, nt, nc, ng, etc. -- Camp, lamb, plante, dranc, lang, etc. 3. The radical short a can only stand before a single consonant and st, sc, when this single consonant and these double letters are again followed, in the inflections or formative syllables, by a, o, u in nouns; and by a, o, u, e in adjectives; and a, o, u, and ia in verbs; as Dagas, daga from dæg, hwalas from hwæl, fatu from fæt, gastas from gæst, ascas from æsc; adj. Smales, smale, smalost, smalu, from smæl small; Lates, latu, latost, from læt late: Stapan, faran, starian, wafian. Grimm's Deut. Gram. vol. i. p. 223, 2nd edit. 1822. In other cases, the short or unaccented æ is used instead of a. See Æ in its alphabetical order. 4. The remarks in 3. are of great importance in declining words, for monosyllables, ending in a single consonant, in st or sc, change the æ into a, whenever the consonant or consonants are followed by a, o, u in nouns, and a, o, u, e in adjectives, vide Æ. 5. It must be remembered then, that a short a cannot stand in a word (1) when it ends in a single consonant, that is, when no inflections of a, o, u in nouns follow; as in Stæf, fræt: (2) when in nouns a single consonant is followed by e; as Stæfes, stæfe, wæter: (3) when the word has any other double consonants besides st, sc, though followed by a, o, u; as Cræft, cræfta, ægru n. pl. of æg: (4) in contracted words, when æ is not in the last syllable; as Æcer, pl. æceras, æcerum, contracted æcras, æcrum; wæpen, pl. wæpenu ; mægen, pl. mægenu, contracted wæpnu, and mægnu. 6. Though I have given in C. 3. the reasons, which Grimm assigns for making the prefixed a- UNCERTAIN long, I believe it is generally short in A. Sax. as in Eng. a-bide = A. Sax. a-bídan = bídan, so a-cende = cende:-- Ic todæg cende [cende Surt; acende Spl. T; Th.] ðé ego hodie genui te, Ps. Spl. 2, 7. A-beran=beran to bear :-- Hefige byrðyna man aberan ne mæg a man is not able to bear heavy burdens, Mt. Bos. 23, 4. Ne here ge sacc nolite fortare sacculum, Lk. Bos. 10, 4. A-biddan = biddan to ask, pray :-- Abiddaþ [biddaþ Cott.] hine pray to him. Bt. 42 ; Fox 258, 21. Ic bidde ðé, Drihten I pray to thee, Lord, Gen. 19, 18. It is evident by these examples that words have the same meaning with and without the prefixed a-: this a- was not prominent or long, and therefore this prefix is left unaccented in this Dictionary. 7. a- prefixed, sometimes denotes Negation, deterioration, or opposition, as From, out, away; thus awendan to turn from, subvert, from wendan to turn; amód out of or without mind, mad; adón to do away, banish, composed of a from, dón to do, vide Æ. The prefixed a- does not always appear to alter the signification : in this case it is generally omitted in modern English words derived immediately from Saxon, -- thus, Aberan to bear; abrecan to break; abítan to bite. The prefixed a-, in such cases, seems to add some little force or intensity to the original signification of the word to which it is joined, -- thus, fæ-acute;ran to make afraid; terrere: a-fæ-acute;ran to terrify, dismay, astound; exterrere, perterrere, consternare, stupefacere.
C. The long Anglo-Saxon á is accented, and words containing this long or accented á are now represented by English terms, with the vowel sounded like o in no and bone. The following words have either the same or an analogous meaning, both in English and Anglo-Saxon: Hám home, án one, bán bone, hán hone, stán stone, sár sore, rap UNCERTAIN rope, lár lore, gást ghost, wrát wrote. Sometimes the accented or long á is represented in English by oa; as Ác an oak, gád a goad, lád load, rád road, brád broad, fám foam, lám loam, sápe soap, ár oar, bár boar, hár hoar, bat boat, gát goat, áta oat, áþ oath, láþ loath. Occasionally á becomes oe in English; as Dá a doe, fa UNCERTAIN a foe, tá toe, wá woe; but the oe, in these words, has the sound of o in no. The same may be said of oa in oak, goad. Hence it appears that the Anglo-Saxon á is represented by the modern English o, oa, and oe, which have the sound of o in no and bone; as Rád rode (p. of ride), rád a road, and dá, a doe. Deut. Gram, von Jacob Grimm, vol. i. pp. 358, 397, 398, 3rd edit. 1840. 2. The long á is often changed into æ-acute; as Lár lore, læ-acute;ran to teach, an one, æ-acute;nig any. 3. The following is a precise summary from Grimm of the prefixed a-, long or accented. The prefixed á is long because it is a contraction and represents the preposition æf of, off, from, away, out of, or the preposition on on, in, upon, into, or as the Lat. in and Eng. un; as á-dúne for æf-dúne, á-wendian for æf-wendian, á-drædan for on-drædan, á-gean for on-gean, á-týnan to unshut, open, Ps. Spl. 38, 13, for on-týnan, un-týnan to open. Á, as an inseparable particle, is long because it represents the inseparable prefixed particles ar, ur, ir, in O. H. Ger. and O. Sax. commonly expressing the meaning of the Latin prepositions ab, ex, ad, etc: A. Sax. á-hebban, O. H. Ger. ur-hefan elevare; A. Sax. á-fyllan, O. H. Ger. ar-fullan implere; A. Sax. a-beran, O. H. Ger. ar-peran ferre, efferre; A. Sax. á-scínan, O. H. Ger. ir-scínan clarescere. The peculiar force which this particle imparts to different verbs may correspond (1) to the Latin ex out, as á-gangan to go out; exire: (2) to the English up, as á-hleápan to leap up; exsilire: á-fyllan to fill up; implere: (3) it expresses the idea of an origin , becoming, growing, á-blacian to blacken, to become black; á-heardian to grow hard: (4) it corresponds to the Latin re, as á-geban reddere, á-lósian redimere, á-sécan requirere: (5) it is often used merely to render a verb transitive, or to impart a greater force to the transitive meaning of the simple verb, -- á-beódan offerre, a-ceapian emere, á-lecgan ponere, á-sleán occidere: (6) it is used with intransitive verbs, where it has hardly any meaning, unless it suggests the commencement or beginning of the action, as á-hleahan ridere, á-sweltan mori: (7) it expresses the end, aim, or purpose of an action, as á-dómian condemnare, á-biddan deprecari, á-wirþan perire. But, after all, it must be borne in mind, that the various shades of its meaning are innumerable, and that, even in one and the same compound, it often assumes different meanings. For further illustration we must therefore refer to the compounds in which it occurs, Grm. ii. 818-832. I have, in justice to Grimm, given his motives for marking the prefixed á- long: I believe, however, it is short. See B. 6.
-a, affixed to words, denotes A person, an agent, or actor, hence, All nouns ending in a are masculine, and make the gen. in an; as from Cum come [thou], cuma a person who comes, or a guest: Swíc deceive [thou], swica a traitor: Worht wrought, wyrhta a workman, wright: Fóregeng foregoing, fóregenga a foregoer: Beád or gebéd a supplication, praying, beáda a person who supplicates or prays: Bytl a beetle or hammer, bytla a hammerer, builder. Some abstract nouns, and words denoting inanimate things, end in -a; and these words, having the same declension as those which signify Persons or actors, are masculine; as Hlísa, an; m. fame: Tíma, an; m. fame: Líchama, an; m. a body: Steorra, an; m. a star: Gewuna, an; m. a custom, habit.
a; prep. acc. To, for; in :-- A worlda world to or in an age of ages ; in seculorum seculum, Ps. Th. 18, 8, =on worlda world, Ps. Lamb. 20, 5, = on worulda world, Ps. Th. 103, 6.
Á, aa, aaa; adv. Always, ever, for ever; hence the O. Eng. AYE, ever; semper, unquam, usque :-- Ac á sceal ðæt wiðerwearde gemetgian
but ever must the contrary moderate. Bt. 21; Fox 74, 19. Án God á on ecnysse one God to all eternity [lit. one God ever, in eternity], Homl. Th. ii. 22, 32. Á on écnisse usque in æternum, Jos. 4, 7. Ic á ne geseah 'I not ever saw' = I never saw, Cd. 19; Th. 24, 10; Gen. 375. Á = æ-acute;fre: Nú, sceal beón á on Ii abbod now, there shall always [ever] be an abbot in Iona, Chr. 565; Th. 33, 2, col. 2. Nu, sceal beón æ-acute;fre on Ií abbod now, there shall ever [alway s] be an abbot in lona, Chr. 565; Th. 32, 11; 33, 4, col. 1. He biþ aa [áá MS.] ymbe ðæt an he is for ever about that one [thing], L. Th. ii. 310, 25. Aa on worulda woruld semper in seculorum seculum, Ps. Th. 105, 37. Nú and aaa [ááá MS.], to worulde búton æ-acute;ghwilcum ende now and ever, to a world without any end, Bt. 42; Fox 260, 15. Á world for ever, Ex. 21, 6. Á forþ ever forth, from thence, Bt. Tupr. 303, 31. [The original signification seems to be a flowing, referring to time, which every moment flows on, hence ever, always, also to æ-acute;, eá flowing water, a river. In Johnston's Index Geog. there are nineteen rivers in Europe with the name of Aa -- Á.]
á, indecl; f. A law; lex :-- Dryhtnes á the Lord's law, Andr. Recd. 2387; An. 1196. vide Æ-acute;.
aac, e; f. An oak: -- Aac-tún Acton Beauchamp, Worcestershire, Cod. Dipl. 75 ; A. D. 727; Kmbl. i. 90, 19. v. Ác-tún.
aad a pile :-- He mycelne aad gesomnode he gathered a great pile, Bd. 3, 16; S. 542, 22. v. ád.
áæ-acute;ðan to lay waste; vastare. Gen. 1280: á æ-acute;ðan, Cd. 64; Th. 77, 24. v. æ-acute;ðan.
aam, es; m. A reed of a weaver's loom. Exon. 109 a; Th. 417, 22 ; Rä. 36, 8; Cod. Lugd. Grn. v. ám.
aar honour :-- In aar naman in honore nominis, Bd. 2, 6; S. 508, note 43: 5, 11; S. 626, note 36. v. ÁR; f.
aaþ an oath :-- He ðone aaþ gesæh he saw the oath. Th. Dipl. A. D. 825; p. 71, 12. v. Áþ.
a-bacan, ic -bace, ðú -bæcest, -bæcst, he -bæceþ, -bæcþ, pl. -bacaþ; p. -bóc, pl. -bócon; pp. -bacen To bake; pinsere, coquere :-- Se hláf þurh fýres hæ-acute;tan abacen the bread baked by the heat of fire. Homl. Pasc. Daye, A. D, 1567, p. 30, 8; Lisl. 410, 1623, p. 4, 16; Homl. Th. ii. p. 268, 9.
a-bád expected, waited :-- And abád swá ðeáh seofon dagas expectavitque nihilominus septem alios dies, Gen. 8, 12. v. abídan.
a-bæd, abæ-acute;don asked; p. of abiddan.
a-bæ-acute;dan; p. -bæ-acute;dde; pp. -bæ-acute;ded To restrain, repel, compel; avertere, repellere, cogere, exigere :-- Is fira æ-acute;nig, ðe deáþ abæ-acute;de is there any man, who can restrain death ? Salm. Kmbl. 957; Sal. 478. Ðæt oft wæ-acute;pen abæ-acute;d his mondryhtne which often repels the weapon for its lord, Exon. 114a; Th. 437, 24; Rä. 56, 12. v. bæ-acute;dan.
a-bæligan; p. ode; pp. od To offend, to make angry; irritare, offendere :-- Sceal gehycgan hæleða æ-acute;ghwylc ðæt he ne abælige bearn waldendes every man must be mindful that he offend not the son of the powerful, Cd. 217; Th. 276, 27; Sat. 195. v. a-belgan, a-bylgan.
a-bær bore or took away; sustulit, Ps. Spl. 77, 76; p. of a-beran.
ABAL, afol, es; n. Power of body, strength; vigor, vires, robur corporis :-- Ðín abal and cræft thy strength and power, Cd. 25; Th. 32, 9; Gen. 500. [Orm. afell: O. H. Ger. aval, n: O. Nrs. afl, n. robur, vis: Goth. abrs strong: Grk. GREEK.]
a-bannan; p. -beónn, pl. -beónnon ; pp. -bannen. I. to command, order, summon; mandare, jubere :-- Abannan to beadwe to summon to battle, Elen. Grm. 34. II. to publish, proclaim; with út to order out, call forth, call together, congregate, assemble; edicere, avocare, citare :-- Aban ðú ða beornas út of ofne command thou the men out of the oven, Cd. 193; Th. 242, 32; Dan. 428. Ðá hét se cyng abannan út ealne þeódscipe then the king commanded to order out [to assemble] all the population, Chr. 1006; Erl. 140, 8. v. bannan.
a-barian; . p. ede; pp. ed [a, barian to make bare; bær, se bara; adj. bare] To make bare, to manifest, discover, disclose; denudare, prodere, in medium proferre :-- Gif ðú abarast úre spræ-acute;ce si sermonem nostrum profers in medium, Jos. 2, 20: R. Ben. Interl. 46: Cot. 80.
a-bát bit, ate :-- He abát he ate, MS. Cott. Jul. E. vii. 237; Salm. Kmbl. 121, 15; p. of a-bítan.
abbad, abbod, abbud, abbot, es; m: abboda, an; m. I. an abbot; abb&a-long;s, -- the title of the male superior of certain religious establishments, thence called abbeys. The word abbot appears to have been, at first, applied to any member of the clerical order, just as the French Père and English Father. In the earliest age of monastic institutions the monks were not even priests: they were merely religious persons, who retired from the world to live in common, and the abbot was one of their number, whom they elected to preside over the association. In regard to general ecclesiastical discipline, all these communities were at this early time subject to the bishop of the diocese, and even to the pastor of the parochial district within the bounds of which they were established. At length it began to be usual for the abbot to be in orders; and since the sixth century monks generally have been priests. In point of dignity an abbot is generally next to a bishop. A minute account of the different descriptions of abbots may be found in Du Cange's Glossary, and in Carpentier's supplement to that work :-- Se árwurða abbad Albínus the reverend abbot Albinus, Bd. pref. Riht is ðæt abbodas fæste on mynstrum wunian it is right that abbots dwell closely in their minsters, L. I. P. 13; Th. ii. 320, 30. Her Forþréd abbud forþférde in this year abbot Forthred died, Chr. 803; Erl. 60, 13. Se abbot Saxulf the abbot Saxulf, Chr. 675; Ing. 50, 15. Swá gebireþ abbodan as becometh abbots, L. Const. W. p. 150, 27; L. I. P. 13; Th. ii. 320, 35. II. bishops were sometimes subject to an abbot, as they were to the abbots of Iona :-- Nú, sceal beón æ-acute;fre on Ií abbod, and ná biscop; and ðan sculon beón underþeódde ealle Scotta biscopas, forðan ðe Columba [MS. Columban] was abbod, ná biscop now, in Ií [Iona] , there must ever be an abbot, not a bishop; and to him must all bishops of the Scots be subject, because Columba was an abbot, not a bishop, Chr. 565; Th. 32, 10-16, col. l. [Laym. abbed: O. Frs. abbete: N. Ger. abt: O. H. Ger. abbat: Lat. abbas; gen. abb&a-long;tis an abbot: Goth. abba : Syr. HEBREW abba father, from Heb. HEBREW ab father, pl. HEBREW abot fathers.] DER. abbad-dóm, -hád, -isse, -ríce: abboda.
abbad-dóm an abbacy, v. abbud-dóm.
abbad-hád the state or dignity of an abbot, v. abbud-hád.
abbadisse, abbodisse, abbatisse, abbudisse, abedisse, an; f. [abbad an abbot, isse a female termination, q. v.] An abbess; abbatissa :-- Riht is ðæt abbadissan fæste on mynstrum wunian it is right that abbesses dwell closely in their nunneries, L. I. P. 13; Th. ii. 320, 30: L. Const. W. 150, 21: Bd. 3, 8; S. 531, 14: Guthl. 2 ; Gdwin. 16, 22 : Bd. 3, 11; S. 536, 38.
abbad-ríce an abbacy, v. abbod-ríce.
Abban dún, e; f. Abingdon, in Berkshire, Chr. 985; Ing. 167, 5. v. Æbban dún.
abbod an abbot, L. I. P. 13; Th. ii. 320, 30. v. abbad.
abboda, an; m. An abbot; abbas :-- Swá gebireþ abbodan as becometh abbots, L. I. P. 13; Th. ii. 320, 35. v. abbad.
abbod-ríce, abbot-ríce, es; n. The rule of an abbot, an abbacy; abbatia :-- On his tíme wæx ðæt abbodríce swíðe ríce in his time the abbacy waxed very rich, Chr. 656; Ing. 41, l. On ðis abbotríce in this abbacy, Chr. 675; Ing. 51, 12.
abbodyase an abbess, Guthl. 2; Gdwin. 16, 22. v. abbadisse.
abbot an abbot. Chr. 675; Ing. 50, 15. v. abbad.
abbud an abbot. Chr. 803; Erl. 60, 13: Bd. 5, 23; S. 645, 14. v. abbad.
abbud-dóm, es; m, [ = abbod-ríce, q. v.] An abbacy, the rule or authority of an abbot; abb&a-long;tia, abb&a-long;tis jus vel auctoritas :-- Abbuddómes, gen. Bd. 5, 1; S. 613, 18. Abbuddðme, dat. 5, 21; S. 642, 37.
abbud-hád, es; m. The state or dignity of an abbot; abbatis dignitas :-- Munuchád and abbudhád ne syndon getealde to ðysum getele monkhood and abbothood are not reckoned in this number, L. Ælf. C. 18; Th. ii. 348, 31.
abbudisse, an; m. An abbess :-- Ða sealde seó abbudisse him sumne dæ-acute;l ðære moldan tunc dedit ei abbatissa portiunculam de pulvere illo, Bd. 3, 11; S. 536, 38. v. abbadisse.
a-beág bowed down, Beo. Th. 1555; B. 775; p. of a-búgan.
a-bealh angered, Cd. 222; Th. 290, 4; Sat. 410. v. a-belgan.
a-beátan; p. -beót; pp. -beáten To beat, strike; tundere, percellere :-- Stormum abeátne beaten by storms, Exon. 21b; Th. 58, 26; Cri. 941. v. beátan.
a-beden asked, Nicod. 12; Thw. 6, 15: Bd. 4, 10; S. 578, 31; pp. of a-biddan.
abedisse, an; f. An abbess; abbatissa :-- Ðære abedissan betæhton committed to the abbess, Chr. 1048; Erl. 181, 28. v. abbadisse.
a-began; p. de; pp. ed; v. trans. To bend, bend down, bow, reduce, subdue; incurvare, redigere, subigere :-- Weorþe heora bæc swylce abéged eác dorsum illorum semper incurva, Ps. Th. 68, 24: Chr. 1073; Erl. 212, 1: 1087; Th. 356, 10. v. bégan.
a-bégendlíc; adj. Bending; flexibilis, Som. v. a-bégan.
a-behófian; p. ode To behove, concern; decere :-- Mid máran unræ-acute;de ðone him abehófode with more animosity than it behoved him, Chr. 1093; Th. 360, 4. v. be-hófian.
a-belgan, ic -beige, ðú -bilgst, -bilhst, he -bylgþ, -bilhþ, pl. -belgaþ; p. -bealg, -bealh, pl. -bulgon; pp. -bolgen, v. trans. [a, belgan to irritate] To cause any one to swell with anger, to anger, irritate, vex, incense; ira aliquem tumefacere, irritare, exasperare, incendere :-- Ne sceal ic ðé abelgan I would not anger thee, Salm. Kmbl. 657; Sal. 328. Oft ic wífe abelge oft I irritate a woman. Exon. 105b; Th. 402, 20; Rä. 21, 32. He abilhþ Gode he will incense God, Th. Dipl. 856; 117, 20. Ic ðe abealh I angered thee, Cd. 222; Th. 290, 4; Sae. 410: Beo. Th. 4550; B. 2280. God abulgan Deum exacerbaverunt, Ps. Th. 77, 41: Ex. 32, 29. Nú hig me abolgen habbaþ irascatur furor meus contra eos. Ex. 32, 10. He him abolgen wurþeþ he will be incensed against them, Cd. 22 ; Th. 28, 4; Gen. 430. Wæs swýðe abolgen erat graviter offensus, Bd. 3, 7; S. 530, 8.
a-beódan; p. -beád; pp. -boden; v. a. [a, beódan to order] To announce, relate, declare, offer, command; referre, nuntiare, annuntiare,
edicere, oflerre, jubere :-- Ðæt he wolde ðæt æ-acute;rende abeódan that he would declare the errand, Ors. 4, 6; Bos. 86, 20: Cd. 91; Th. 115,14; Gen. 1919: 200; Th. 248, 9; Dan. 510.
a-beoflan To be moved or shaken, to tremble; moveri, contremere :-- Ealle abeofedan eorþan staðelas movebuntur omnia fundamenta terrae, Ps. Th. 81, 5. v. beofian.
a-beornan; p. -bearn, -barn, pl. -burnon; pp. -bornen, v. intrans. To bvrn; exardere :-- Fyr abarn exarsit ignis, Ps. Th. 105,16. v. beornan.
a-beran; p. -bær; pp. -boren. I. to bear, carry, suffer; portare, ferre :-- Ðe man aberan ne mæg which they are not able to bear, Mt. Bos. 23, 4. Hí ne mágon nán earfoða aberan they cannot bear any troubles, Bt. 39, 10; Fox 228, 3: Andr. Kmbl. 1912; An. 958: Ps. Th. 54, 11. II. to take or carry away; tollere, auferre :-- Abær hine of eowdum sceápa sustulit eam de gregibus ovium, Ps. Spl. 77, 76: Ps. Grn. 50,12. v. beran.
a-berd, -bered; adj. Sagacious, crafty, cunning; callidus. Wrt. Voc. 47, 36: Lchdm, iii. 192, 10; 188, 26: 186,17.
a-berend-líc j adj. [berende bearing] Bearable, tolerable, that may be borne; tolerabilis :-- Aberendlíc broc bearable affliction, Bt. 39, 10; Fox 228, 4, note 5.
a-berstan; p. -bearst, pl. -burston; pp. -borsten [a, berstan] To burst, break, to be broken; perfringi. v. for-berstan.
a-bet; adv. Better; melius :-- Hwæðer ðé se ende abet lícian wille whether the end will better please thee. Bt. 35, 5; Fox 166, 23. v. bet.
a-beþecian; subj. ðú abeþecige; p. ode; pp. od [be, þeccan to cover] To uncover, detect, find hidden, to discover, disclose; detegere :-- Búton ðú hit forstele oððe abeþecige unless thou steal it, or find (it) hid,Bt. 32, l; Fox 114, 9.
a-bicgan; p. -bohte; pp. boht; v. a. [a, bycgan to buy] To buy, pay for, recompense; emere, redimere :-- Gif fríman wið fríes mannes wlf geligeþ, his wérgelde abicge if a freeman lie with a freeman's wife, let him buy her with his wergeld, i.e. price, L. Ethb. 31; Th. i. 10, 7. v. a-bycgan.
a-bídan, ic -bíde, ðú -bídest, -bítst, -bíst, he -bídeþ, -bít, pl. -bídaþ; p. -bád, pl. -bidon; pp. -biden; v. intrans. To ABIDE, remain, wait, wait for, await; manere, sustinere, expectare :-- Hý abídan sceolon in sin-nihte they must abide in everlasting night, Exon. 31b; Th. 99, 28; Cri. 1631. Hér sculon abídan bán here the bones shall remain, 99a; Th. 370, 18; Seel. 61. Abád swá ðeáh seofon dagas expectavit nihilominus septem alios dies, Gen. 8, 12. We óðres sceolon abídan alium expecta-mus? Mt. Bos. 11, 3. Ic abád [anbídode Spl.] hæ-acute;lu ðíne expectabam salutare tuum, Ps. Surt. 118, 166. Sáwla úre abídyþ Driht anima nostra sustinet Dominum, Ps. Spl. C. 32, 20. Windes abidon ventum expecta-bant. Bd. 5, 9; S. 623, 19. Ðæ-acute;r abídan sceal maga miclan dómes there the being [Grendel] shall await the great doom, Beo. Th. 1959; B. 977: Exon. 115 b; Th. 444, 27 ; Kl. 53. [Laym. abiden; p. abad, abed, abeod, abod, abaod, abide, pl. abiden.] v. bídan.
a-biddan, ic -bidde, ðú -bidest, -bitst, he -bit, -byt, -bitt, pl. -biddaþ; p. -bæd, pl. -bæ-acute;don; pp. -beden To ask, pray, pray to, pray for, obtain by asking or praying; petere, precari, postulare, exorare, impetrare :-- Wilt tú wit unc abiddan drincan vis petamus bibere t Bd. 5, 3; S. 616, 30. Abiddaþ [Cott. biddaþ] hine eáþmódlíce pray to him humbly, Bt. 42; Fox 258, 21. Se ðe hwæt to læ-acute;ne abit qui quidquam mutuo postulaverit, Ex. 22, 14. Ne mihte ic lýfnesse abiddan nequaquam impetrare potui, Bd. 5, 6; S. 619, 8. Ðá sendon hý tuá heora æ-acute;rendracan to Rómánum æfter friðe; and hit abiddan ne mihtan then they sent their ambassadors twice to Rome for peace; and could not obtain it, Ors. 4, 7; Bos. 87, 39. He abiddan mæg ðæt ic ðé læ-acute;te duguða brúcan he may obtain by prayer that I will let thee enjoy prosperity, Cd. 126; Th. 164, 5; Gen. 2660. v. biddan.
a-biflan, -bifigan; p. ode, ede; pp. od, ed To be moved or shaken, to tremble; moveri, contremere :-- For ansýne écan Dryhtnes ðeós eorþe sceal eall abifigan a facie Domini mota est terra. Ps. Th. 113, 7. v. bifian.
a-bilgþ, a-bilhþ anger, an offence, v. a-bylgþ.
a-biran to bear, carry; portare, Bd. 1, 27; S. 491, 31. v. a-beran.
a-bísegien should prepossess, Bt. 35,1; Fox 154, 32. v. abýsgian.
a-bit prays, Ex. 22,14; pres. of a-biddan.
a-bítan, ic -bíte, ðú -bítest, -bítst, he -bíteþ, -bit, pl. -bítaþ; p. -bát, pl. -biton; pp. -biten; v. a. To bite, eat, consume, devour; mordere, arrodere, mordendo necare, comedere, devorare :-- Gif hit wíldeór abítaþ, bere forþ ðæt abitene and ne agife si comestum a bestia, deferat ad eum quod occisum est, et non restituet, Ex. 22,13. He abát his suna he ate his children. Salm. Kmbl. p. 121,15. Ðæt se wód-freca were-wulf tó fela ne abíte of godcundre heorde that the ferocious man-wolf devour not too many of the spiritual flock, L. I. P. 6; Th. ii. 310, 31. Míne scép sind abitene my sheep are devoured. Homl. Th. i. 242, IO. Ðú his ne abítst non comedas ex eo. Deut. 28, 31. v. bítan.
a-biterian, -bitrian; p. ode; pp. od To make sour or bitter; exacer-bare. v. biterian, biter bitter.
a-bi-tweónum; prep. dat. Between; inter :-- Ic wiht geseah horna abitweónum [homum bitweónum, Grn; Th.] húðe læ-acute;jdan I saw a creature bringing spoil between its horns, Exon. 107b; Th. 411, 19; Rä. 30, 2. [Sansk, abhi; Zend aibi.] v. bi-tweónum.
a-blácian, -blácigan; p. ode; pp. od To be or look pale, grow pale; pallere, obrigescere :-- Ablácodon obriguerunt, Ex. 22, 16? Lye. Ic blácige palleo, Ælfc. Gr. 26, 2; Som. 28,42. Blácian from blícan, p. blác to shine: blæ-acute;can to bleach, whiten, fade. Observe the difference between blác, blæ-acute;c pallid, bleak, pale, and blæc, blaces, se blaca black, swarthy. DER. blácian pallere.
a-blæ-acute;can; p. -blæ-acute;hte; pp. -blæ-acute;ht [a, blæ-acute;can to bleach] To bleach, whiten; dealbare, Ps. Vos. 50, 8: 67,15.
a-blæ-acute;cnes, -ness, e; f. A paleness, gloom; pallor, Herb. 164; Lchdm. i. 294, 3, note 6. v. æ-blæ-acute;cnys.
a-blændan to blind, deaden, benumb, v. ablendan.
a-blann rested; p. of. a-blinnan to leave off.
a-bláwan; p. -bleów; pp. -bláwen To blow, breathe; flare, efflare :-- On ableów inspiravit. Gen. 2, 7. Út ablawan to breathe forth. Hexam. 4; Norm. 8, 20. Næ-acute;fre mon ðæs hlúde býman abláweþ never does a man blow the trumpet so loudly,Exon. 117b; Th. 451, 27; Dóm. 110. God ðá geworhte mannan and ableów on his ansýne líflícne blæ-acute;d God then made man and blew into his face the breath of life, Hexam. 11; Norm. 18, 25.
a-blawung, e; f. A blowing, v. bláwung.
a-blend, se a-blenda; adj. Blinded; cæcatus :-- Wénaþ ða ablendan mód the blinded minds think. Bt. 38, 5; Fox 206, 6. v. pp. of a-blendan.
a-blendan; p. -blende, pl. -blendon; pp. -blended, -blend; v. a. To blind, make blind, darken, stupify; cæcare :-- Ða gyldenan stánas ablendaþ ðæs módes eágan the golden stones blind the mind's eyes, Bt. 34, 8; Fox 144, 34. Swá bióþ ablend so are blinded, 38, 5; Fox 206, I. Ic sýne ablende bealo-þoncum I blinded their sight by baleful thoughts, Exon.72b; Th. 270, 22; Jul, 469. He ablende hyra eágan excæcavit oculos eorum. Jn. Bos. 12, 40. Ablended in burgum blinded as l am in these dwellings, Andr. Kmbl. 155; An. 78. Wæs ablend was blinded, Mk. Bos. 6, 52 : Num. 14, 44. v. blendan.
a-bleoton sacrificed; p. pl. of a-blótan.
a-bleów blew; p. of a-bláwan.
a-blican; p. -blác, pl. -blicon; pp. -blicen; v. n. To shine, shine forth, to appear, glitter, to be white, to astonish, amaze; dealbari, micare :-- Sóþ-líce on rihtwísnysse ic ablíce ego autem in justitia apparebo [micabo], Ps. Spl. T. 16, 17. Ofer snáw ic beó ablicen super nivem dealbabor, Ps. Spl. 50, 8.
a-blicgan; p. ede; pp. ed To shine, to be white, to astonish; con-sternare :-- Ic eom ablícged consternor, Ælfc. Gr. 37; Som. 39, 42.
a-blignys, -nyss, e; f. An offence, v. a-bylgnes.
a-blindan to blind, Abus. I, Lye. v. a-blendan.
a-blinnan; p. -blann, pl. -blunnon; pp. -blunnen To cease, desist ; cessare, desistere, Ps. Spl. 36, 8: Bd. 4,1; S. 563,16.
a-blísian; p. ode; pp. od To blush; erubescere :-- óþ eówre lyþre mód ablísige donec erubescat incircumcisa mens eorum. Lev. 26,41.
a-blótan; p. -bleót, pl. -bleóton; pp. -blóten To sacrifice; immolare. v. blótan.
a-blýsgung, -blýsung, e; f. The redness of confusion, shame; pudor, R. Ben. 73.
a-boden told; pp. of a-beódan to bid, tell.
a-bogen bowed; pp. of a-bfigan, -beógan to bow, bend.
a-boht bought; pp. of a-bicgan to buy.
a-bolgen angered, Ex. 32,10; pp. of a-belgan to offend, anger.
a-boren carried; pp. of a-beran to bear.
a-borgian; p. ode; pp. od To be surety, to undertake for, to assign, appoint; fidejubere :-- Gif he nite hwá hine aborgie; hæfton hine if he know not who will be his borh, let them imprison [lit. have, detain] him, L. Ath. i. 20; Th. i 210, 8.
a-bracian; p, ode; pp. od To engrave, emboss; cælare :-- Abracod cœlatum, Cot. 33.
a-bradwian To overthrow, slay, kill; prosternare, occidere, Beo. Th. 5232 ; B. 2619. v. a-bredwian.
a-bræc broke; p. of a-brecan to break.
a-bræd, -brægd drew, Mt. Bos. 26, 51; p. of a-bredan, a-bregdan to move, drag, draw.
a-breátan; p. -breót, pl. -breóton To break, kill; frangere, concidere, necare :-- Abreót brim-wísan, brýd aheorde slew the sea-leader, set free his bride, Beo. Th. 5852; B. 2930. v. a-breótan.
a-brecan, ic -brece, ðu -bricst, he -bricþ; p. -bræc, pl. -bræ-acute;con; pp. -brocen To break, vanquish, to take by storm, to assault, destroy; frangere, effringere, expugnare :-- Abrecan ne meahton reced they might not break the house, Cd. 115; Th.-150, 14; Gen. 2491, He Babilone abrecan wolde he would destroy Babylon, Cd. 209; Th. 259, 10; Dan. 685. Hú æ-acute;nig man mihte swylce burh abrecan how any man could take such a town, Ors. 2, 4; Bos. 44,16. DER. brecan.
a-bredan, he -brit =-brideþ, -bret=-bredeþ; p. -bræd, pl. -brudon; pp. -broden; v. a. To move quickly, remove, draw, withdraw; vibrare, destringere, eximere, retrahere :-- Abræd hys swurd, exemit gladium suum, Mt. Bos. 26, 51. Gif God abrit if God remove, Bt. 39, 3; Fox
A-BREDWIAN -- A-CÆN.NEDNYS.
216, 5. Of móde abrit ðæt micle dysig he removes from his mind that great ignorance. Bt. Met. Fox 28, 155; Met. 28, 78. Hond up abræd he raised his hand, Beo. Th. 5144; B. 2575. Lár Godes is abroden of breóstum the knowledge of God is withdrawn from your breasts, Cd. 156; Th. 194, 31; Exod. 269. v. bredan.
a-bredwian; p. ade; pp. ad To overthrow, slay? kill? prosternare? occidere? -- Ðeáh ðe he his bróðor bearn abredwade [abradwade Th.] although he had overthrown [exiled? killed?] his brother's child, B. 2619.
a-brégan; p. de; pp. ed To alarm, frighten; terrere :-- Mec mæg gríma abrégan a phantom may frighten me, Exon, 110b; Th. 423, 7; Rä. 41, 17. Abregde, p. Bd. 3, 16; S. 543,12 : Ps. Spl. T. 79,14.
a-bregdan; p. -brægd, pl. -brugdon; pp. -brogden To move quickly, vibrate, remove, draw from, withdraw; vibrare, destringere, eximere, retra-here :-- Ðe abregdan sceal deáþ sáwle ðíne death shall draw from thee thy soul, Cd. 125; Th. 159, 22; Gen. 2638. Hwonne of heortan hunger oððe wulf sáwle and sorge abregde when from my heart hunger or wolf shall have torn both soul and sorrow, 104; Th. 137, 22; Gen. 2277. Hine of gromra clommum abrugdon they drew him from the clutches of the furious, 114; Th. 150, 4; Gen. 2486. v. bregdan.
á-brémende ever-celebrating, Exon. 13a; Th. 24, 20; Cri. 387. v. bréman.
a-breótan; p. -breát, pl. -bruton; pp. -broten To bruise, break, destroy, kill; frangere, confringere, concidere, necare :-- Billum abreótan to destroy with bills, Cd. 153; Th. 190, 14; Exod. 199. Yldo beám abreóteþ age breaks the tree. Salm. Kmbl. 591; Sal. 295. Hine seó brimwylf abroten hæfde the sea-wolf had destroyed him, Beo. Th. 3203 ; B. 1599. Stánum abreótan lapidare, Elen. Kmbl. 1017; El. 510.
a-breóðan; p. -breáþ, pl. -bruðon; pp. -broðen To unsettle, ruin, frustrate, degenerate, deteriorate; perdere, degenerare :-- Hæleþ oft hyre hleór abreóðeþ a man often unsettles her cheek, Exon. 90a; Th. 337, note 18; Gn. Ex. 66. Abreóðe his angin he frustrated his enterprise, Byrht. Th. 138, 59; By. 242. Hí abruðon ða ðe he toþohte they frustrated that which he had thought of, Chr. 1004; Ing. 178, 1. Eálá ðú abroðene folc degener O populus, Ælfc. Gr. 8; Som. 8,10. Hic et hæc et hoc nugas ðæt is abroðen on Englisc,Ælfc. Gr. 9, 25; Som. ii, 2.
abret, abrit takes away, Bt. 39, 3; Fox 216, 5. v. abredan.
a-brocen broken, v. a-brecan.
a-broden, a-brogden opened, freed, taken away. v. abredan, abregdan.
abrotanum = abrotonon southernwood, Herb. 135; Lchdm, i. 250,16. v. súðerne-wudu.
a-broten ? crafty, silly, sluggish; vafer, fatuus, socors :-- Abroten vel dwæ-acute;s vafer, Ælfc. Gl. 9; Som. 56,114. Abroten ? for abroðen.
a-broðen degeneratus; pp. of a-breóían.
a-brocteunea, -ness, e;f. Dulness, cowardice, a defect, backsliding; ignavia, pusillanimitas. DER. a-broðen.
a-brugdon withdrew, Cd. 114; Th. 150,4; Gen. 2486; p.pl. of a-bregdan. a-brudton frustrated, Chr. 1004; Ing. 178, l; p.pl. of a-breóðan. a-bryrdan; p. -bryrde; pp. -bryrded, -bryrd, v. trans. To prick, sting, to prick in the heart, grieve; pungere, compungere :-- Ná ic ne beo abryrd, God min non compungar, Deus metis. Ps. Spl. 29,14. v. bryrdan. a-bryrdnes, -ness, e; f. Compunction, contrition; compunctio, con-tritio. v. bryrdnys, a-bryrdan.
a-brytan; p. -brytte; pp. -brytt To destroy; exterminare, Ps. Spl. C. 36, 9. v. brytan.
a-búfan; adv. [a + be + ufan] ABOVE ; supra :-- Swá wæ æ-acute;r abúfan sæ-acute;dan as we have before above said, Chr. 1090; Th. 358, 15. DER. búfan.
a-bugan; p. -beág, -beáh, pl. -bugon; pp. -bogen To iow, bend, incline, withdraw, retire; se vertere, declinare, inclinare, averti :-- Abflgaþ eádmðdlíce inclinate suppliciter. Coll. Monast. Th. 36, 3. Ac ðé firina gehwylc feor abúgeþ but from thee each sin shall far retire, Exon. 8b; Th. 4, 22; Cri. 56. Ðæ-acute;r fram sylle abeág medu-benc mon'g there many a mead-bench inclined from its sill, Beo. Th. 1555 ; 8.775. v. bfigan. a-bulgan = abulgon angered. Ps. Th. 77, 41; p. of a-belgan. a-bunden ready; expeditus, Cot. 72 ; pp. of a-bindan. v. bindan. a-butan, -bflton; prep. acc. [a + be -l- Qtan] ABOUT, around, round about; circa :-- Ðú tæcst Israhela folce abútan ðone rnúnt thou shall take the people of Israel around the mountain. Ex. 19, 12. Abuton hi circa eos, Mk. Bos. 9, 14. Abúton stán about a stone, L. N. P. L. 54; Th. ii. 298, 16.
a-butan, -bflton; adv. ABOUT ; circa :-- Besæt ðone castel abútan beset the castle about, Chr. 1088; Th. i. 357, 29. Besæ-acute;ton íone castel abúton they beset the castle about, Chr. 1090; Th. i. 358, 25.
a-bycgan, -bicgan; p. -bohte, pl. -bohton; pp. -boht [a, bycgan to buy, procure]. I. to buy, pay for; ernere, redirnere, L. Ethb. 31; Th. i. 10, 7. II- to perform, execute; præstare :-- Áþ abycgan jusjuran-dumpræstare, L.Wih. 19; Th. i. 40,18.
a-byffan; p. ode; pp. od To mutter; mutire. Cot. 134. v. byffan.
a-bygan, v. trans. To bow, bend; incurvare, Grm, ii. 826. v. a-began.
a-býgendlíc; adj. Bending, flexible; flexibilis. DER. un-abýgendlíc.
a-bylgan, -byligan, -bylgean; p. de; pp. ed To offend, anger, vex; offendere, irritate, exacerbare :-- HI hine oft abylgdon [MS. -dan] ipsi sæepe exacerbaverunt eum. Ps. Th. 105, 32. Da mod abylgean flra ðara nýhstena animos proximorum offendere, Bd. 3, 19; S. 548, 17: Hy. 6, 22. v. a-belgan.
a-bylg-nes, æ-bylig-nes, æ-bylig-nys, -ness, e; f. [abylgan to offend] An offence, scandal, anger, wrath, indignation; offensa, ira, indignatio :-- He him abylgnesse oft gefremede he had oft perpetrated offence against him, Exon. 843; Th. 317, 35; Mðd. 71.
a-bylgp, -bilgþ, -bilhþ, e;f. An offence, wrong, anger; offensa, injuria, ira :-- He sceal Cristes abilgþe wrecan he ought to avenge offence to Christ, L. Eth. 9, 2; Th. i. 340, 13: L. Pen. 16; Th. ii. 284, 6. v. æ-bylgþ.
a-byligd, e; f. Anger; indignatio, Ps. Th. 77, 49. v. a-bylgþ.
a-byrgan, -byrgean, -byrian To taste; gustare :-- We cýðaþ eów tet God ælmihtig cwæþ his ágenum múðe, ðæt nán man he mðt abyrgean nánes cynes blðdes. Æ-acute;lc ðæra ðe abyrgþ blðdes ofer Godes bebod sceal forwurþan on éccnysse we tell you that God Almighty said by his own mouth, that no man may taste any kind of blood. Every one who tastes blood against God's command shall perish for ever, Homl, intitul. Her is hálwendlíc lár, Bibl. Bodl. MSS. Junii 99, fol. 68. Se wulf for Gode ne dorste ðæs hæfdes abyrian the wolf durst not, fat God, taste the head, Homl. Brit. Mus. MSS. Cot. Julius, E. 7, fol. 203, Bibl. Bodl. MSS. Bodley 343- v. byrgan.
a-býsgian, -býsgan, -býsean, -bisegian; p. ode, ade; pp. od, ad [a, býsgian to ÍKsy] To occupy, preoccupy, prepossess; occupare :-- Ðeáh unþeáwas oft abísegien ðæt mðd though imperfections oft prepossess the mind, Bt. 35, i; Fox 154, 32. Biþ hyra seó swíþre symble abýsgod ðæt hi unrihtes tiligeaþ 'dexlera eorum dextera iniquitatis. Ps. Th. 143, 9. Biþ hyra seó swíþre symble abýsgad dextera iniquitatis, 143,13.
a-bysgung, -btsgung, e; f. Necessary business, employment; occupatio. Past. 18, i; Hat. MS. 25a, 27, 29, 30.
a-bywan; p. de; pp. ed; v. trans. To adorn, purify, clarify; exomare, purgare :-- Beóþ monna gæ-acute;stas beorhte abýwde þurh bryne fýres the souls of men are brightly adorned [clarified] through the fire's heat, Exon. 63 b; Th. 234, 24; Ph. 545. v. býwan.
AC, ach, ah, oc; conj. X. but; sed :-- Ne com ic tii towurpan, ac gefyllan non veni solvere, sed adimplere, Mt. Bos. 5, 17. Brytwalas fultumes bæ-acute;don wið Peohtas, ac hi næfdon næ-acute;nne the Brito-Welsh begged assistance against the Picts, but they had none, Chr. 443; Erl. ii, .34. II. for, because; nam, enim, quia :-- Ne se aglæ-acute;ca yldan þðhte, ac he geféng hraðe slæ-acute;pendne rinc nor did the wretch mean to delay, f or he quickly seized a sleeping warrior, Beo. Th. 1484; B. 740. Ðú ne þearft onsittan wige, ac ne-fuglas [wig, eácne MS.] blðdig sittaþ þicce gefylled thou needest not oppress with war, because carrion birds sit bloody quite satiated (lit. thickly filled). Cd. 98; Th. 130, 12; Gen. 2158. III. but also, but yet; sed etiam, sed et, sed tamen :-- Ná læs weoruld men, ac eac swylce ðæt Drihtnes eowde not only men of the world, but also [sed etiam Bd.] the Lord's flock. Bd. 1,14; S. 482, 25. Da cwican nð genihtsumedon ðæt ht da deádan bebyrigdon, ac hwæðere ða ðe Kfigende wæ-acute;ron nðht dðn woldon the living were not sufficient to bury the dead, but yet those who were living would do nothing, Bd. l, 14; S. 482, 32: 2, 7; S. 509, 13. Ac swylce tunge mín (Élce dæge smeáþ rightwísnysse ðíne sed et lingua mea tota die meditabitur justitiam tuam, Ps. Spl. 70, 26. [R. Glouc. Orm. ac: Laym. ac, æc, ah: Scot. ac: O. Sax. ak: O. H. Ger. oh; Goth, ak.]
ac; adv. interrogative. Why, whether; nonne, numquid :-- Da du geho-godest sæcce sécean, ac ðú gebettest mæ-acute;rum þeódne when thow re" solvedst to seek warfare, hadst thou compensated the great prince ? Beo. Kmbl. 3976; B. 1990. Ac [ah MS.] ætfileþ ðé seld unrihtwísnesse numquid adnaret tibi sedes iniquitatis 1 Ps. Surt. 93, 20. Ac hwá démeþ who shall judge? Salm. Kmbl. 669; Sal. 334. Ac forhwon fealleþ se snaw why falleth the snow? 603; Sal. 301.
ac-, v. ag-, ag-læ-acute;ca, ah-, ah-læ-acute;ca.
AC, íéc; g. e; f. I. an OAK ; quercus, robur :-- Ðeós ác nece quercus, Ælfc. Gr. 8; Som. 7, 46. Sume ác astáh got up into an oak, Homl. Th. ii. 150, 31. acc. Ac an oaken ship. Runic pm. 25; Kmbl. 344, 21. Geongre ace of a young oak, L. M. l, 38; Lchdm, ii. 98, 9. Of ðære ác [for áce], Kmbl. Cod. Dipl. iii. 121, 22. II. ác; g. Sees; m. The Anglo-Saxon Rune J-. = a, the name of which letter, in Anglo-Saxon, is ic an oak, hence, this Rune not only stands for the letter a, but for ác an oak, as J... byþ on eorþan elda bearnum flæ-acute;sces fódor the oak is on earth food ofthefiesh to the sons of men, Hick. Thes. vol. i. p. 135; Runic pm. 25; Kmbl. 344, 15. Ácas twegen two A's, Exon.
112 a; Th. 429, 26; Ru. 43,10. [R. Glouc. 6k: Chauc. 6k, áke, oak:
O. Frs. Sfc: Dut. eek, eik: JVorth Frs. ik: L. Ger. eke: N. Ger. eiche: M. Ger. eich: O. Ger. cin: Dan. eg: Swed, ek: 0. Nrs. eik. Grn. starting from Goth, ayuk in aiw-dup, i.e. aiw-k-dup nis rev atom, supposes a
form ayuks, contracted to áiks, the equivalent of which would be ac,
which would, therefore, indicate a tree of long durability.]
a-cægan to name. v. a-cigan.
a-cænned = a-cenned brought forth; pp. of acennan.
a-cænnednys, -cænnys nativity, v. a-cennednes.
a-cærran to avert; acærred averted, v. a-cerran.
a-calan; p. -cól, pl. -cólon To become cold; algere, frigescere :-- Nó acól for ðý egesan he never became cold for the terror, Andr. Grm. 1267. v. calan.
ACAN; ic ace, ðú æcest, æcst, he æceþ, æcþ, pl. acaþ; p. óc, pl. ócon; subj. ic, ðú, he ace; pp. acen; v. n. To AKE, pain; dolere :-- Gif mannes midrif [MS. midrife] ace if a man's midriff ake, Herb. 3,6; Lchdm. i. 88, 11: Herb. Cont. 3, 6; Lchdm, i. 6; 3, 6. Acaþ míne eágan my eyes ake, Ælfc. Gr. 36, MS. D; [mistiaþ=acaþ, Som. 38, 48]; dolent mei oculi, Mann. [Laym. p. oc: R. Glouc. p. ok: Chauc, ake: N. L. Ger. aken, æken.]
Ácan-tún, es; m. [ácan == ácum. pl. d. of ác an oak, tun a town] Acton, Suffolk :-- Ðæt hit cymþ to Ácantúne; fram Ácantúne [MS. Ácyn-túne] ðæt hit cymþ to Rigindúne till it comes to Acton; from Acton till it comes to Rigdon, Th. Diplm. A. D. 97 2; 525, 22-24. v. Ác-tún, and ðæt adv.
acas, e; f: acase, axe, an; f. An axe; securis :-- Acas, Mt. Lind. Stv. 3, 10. Acase, Lk. Rush. War. 3, 9 [id. Lind. Acasa, a Northumbrian form]. Axe, Mt. Rush. Stv. 3,10. v. æx.
ác-beám, es; m. An oak-tree; quercus, Ettm. p. 51.
áe-cærn, ác-corn an acorn, v. æ-acute;cern.
accutian? to prove; probare :-- Accuta me proba me, Ps. Spl. M. 138, 22.
áo-cyn, -cynn, es; n. [ác oak, cyn kind] A species of oak; ilex, Mann.
ác-drenc, -drinc, es; m. Oak-drink, a kind of drink made of acorns; potus ex quercus glandibus factus. v. ác, drenc.
ace ake, pain. DER. acan to ake. v. ece.
a-cealdian; p. ode; v. intrans. To be or become cold; algere, frigescere, Past. 58, 9. v. a-cólian, calan.
a-ceápian; p. ode; pp. od To buy. v. ceápian.
a-cearfan to cut of :-- Acearf abscindet, Ps. Spl. C. 76,8. v. a-ceorfan.
a-célan; p. de; v. intrans. To be or become cold; algere, frigescere :-- Ðæs þearfan ne biþ þurst acéled the thirst of this desire is not become cold, Bt. Met. Fox 7, 34; Met. 7,17. v. célan, calan.
Acemannes burh, burg; g. burge; d. byrig, beri; f: ceaster, cester; g. ceastre; f. [æce ake, mannes man's, ceaster or burh city or fortress] Bath, Somersetshire :-- Hér Eádgár to ríce féng at Acemannes byrig, ðæt is at Baðan here, A. D. 972, Edgar took the kingdom at Akeman's burgh, that is at Bath, Chr. 972; Th. 225,18, col. 3. On ðære ealdan byrig, Acemannes ceastre; ac beornas Baðan nemnaþ in the old burgh, Akeman's Chester; but men call it Bath, Chr. 973; Ing. 158, 26. At Acemannes beri at Akeman's bury, Ing. 158, note g. v. Baðan.
acen pained, v. acan.
ácen oaken, v. æ-acute;cen.
a-cennan, ðú -censt, he -cenþ; p. -cende; pp. -cenned; v. a. To bring forth, produce, beget, renew; parere, gignere, renovare, renasci :-- Swá wíf acenþ bearn as a woman brings forth a child, Bt. 31,1; Fox 112, 2. On sárnysse ðú acenst cild in dolore paries filios. Gen. 3, 16. Ða se Hæ-acute;lend acenned wæs cum natus esset Jesus, Mt. Bos. 2, l. Crist wæs acenned [MS. acennyd] on midne winter Christ was born in mid-winter, Menol. Fox l; Men. 1. Gregorius wæs of æðelborenre mægþe acenned Gregory was born of a noble family, Homl. Th. ii. 118, 7. Eal edniwe, eft acenned, synnum asundrad all renewed, born again, sundered from sins, Exon. 59b; Th. 214, 19; Ph. 241. Ðonne se móna biþ acenned [geniwod, v. geniwian] when the moon is changed [born anew], Lchdm, iii. 180,19, 22, 28. v. cennan.
a-cenned-líc; adj. Native; nativus. Cot. 138.
a-cennednes, -cennes, -cennys, -cænnednys, -cænnys, -ness, e; f. Nativity, birth, generation; nativitas, ortus :-- Manega on his acennednysse gefag-niaþ multi in nativitate ejus gaudebunt, Lk. Bos. 1,14: Ps. Spl. 106, 37.
a-ceócian? p. ode; pp. od To choke; suffocare. v. a-þrysman.
a-ceócung, e; f. A consideration; ruminatio. Wrt. Voc. 54, 62. v. a-ceósung.
a-ceorfan; p. -cearf, pl. -cufon; pp. -corfen To cut off; abscidere, succidere, concidere :-- Of his ansýne ealle ic aceorfe, ða ðe him feóndas syndon concidam inimicos ejus a facie ipsius. Ps. Th. 88, 20.
a-ceósan; p. -ceás, pl. -curon; pp. -coren To choose, select; eligere. DER. ceósan.
a-ceósung [MS. aceócung], e; f. A consideration; ruminatio, Wrt. Voc. 54, 62.
acer a field. Rtl. 145,18. v. æcer.
a-cerran; p. -cerde; pp. -cerred To turn, return; vertere, reverti :-- Úton acerran ðider ðæ-acute;r he sylfa sit, sigora waldend let us turn thither where he himself sitteth, the triumphant ruler, Cd. 218; Th. 278, 6; Sat. 217.
a-cerrednes, -ness, e; f. An aversion, v. a-cerran.
ach but; sed :-- Ach ðæs weorodes eác but of the host also. Andr. Reed. 3182; An. 1594. v. ac; conj.
ác-hal; adj. Oak-whole or sound, entire; roboreus, integer. Andr. Grm. 1700.
á-cígan; p. de; pp. ed To call; vocare, evocare :-- Acígde of corþre cyninges þegnas he called the thanes of the king from the band., Beo. Th. 6233; B. 3121. Sundor acígde called him alone, in private, Elen. Kmbl. 1203; El. 603. Hine aclgde fit evocavit eum, Bd. 2,12; S. 513,19.
ac-læ-acute;c-cræft, es; m. [ac-læ-acute;c = ag-læ-acute;c miseria, cræft ars] An evil art; ars mala vel perniciosa :-- Ðú ðé, Andreas, aclæ-acute;ccræftum lange feredes thou, Andrew, hast long betaken thyself to evil arts, Andr. Kmbl. 2724; An. 1364.
a-clæ-acute;nsian; p. ode; pp. od To cleanse, purify; mundare :-- Hyra nán næs aclæ-acute;nsod, búton Naaman se Sirisca nemo eorum mundatus est, nisi Naaman Syrus, Lk. Bos. 4, 27.
Ác-leá=Ác-leáh; g. -leáge;f. [ác an oak, leáh a lea, ley, meadow; acc. leá = leáh, q. v.] The name of a place, as Oakley :-- Sinoþ wæs ge-gaderod æt Ácleá a synod was assembled at Acley or Oakley, Chr. 789; Ing. 79,14. Ácleá, Chr. 782; Erl. 57, 6: 851; Erl. 67, 26; 68, 3.
ác-leáf, es; n. An oak-leaf; quercus folium :-- Ácleáf, Lchdm, iii. 311: L. M. 3, 8; Lchdm, ii. 312, 19.
a-cleopian; p. ode; pp. od To call, call out; clamare, exclamare. DER. cleopian, clypian.
aclian; p. ode; pp. od [acol, acl excited by fear] To frighten, excite; terrere, terrore percellere. PER. ge-aclian.
ác-melu, g. -meluwes; n. Acorn-meal; querna farina, L. M. 1, 54; Lchdm, ii. 126, 7.
ác-mistel, e; f. Oak mistletoe; quercus viscum :-- Gením ácmistel take mistletoe of the oak, L. M. l, 36; Lchdm, ii. 88, 4.
a-cnyssan; p. ede; pp. ed To expel, drive cive; expellere. v. cnyssan.
a-cofrian; p. ode; pp. od To recover; e morbo consurgere, con-valescere :-- Acofraþ will recover, Lchdm, iii. 184,15.
acol, acul, acl; adj. Excited, excited by fear, frightened, terrified, trembling; agitatus, perterritus, pavidus :-- Wearþ he on ðam egesan acol worden he had through that horror become chilled, trembling, Cd. 178; Th. 223, 24; Dan. 124. Forht on móde, acul for ðam egesan fearful in mood, trembling with dread, 210; Th. 261, 14; Dan. 726. Acol for ðam egsan trembling with terror. Exon. 42 b; Th. 143, 20; Gú. 664. Forht and acol afraid and trembling. Cd. 92; Th. 117, 18; Gen. 1955. Wurdon hie ðá acle they then became terrified, Andr. Kmbl. 2678; An. 1341. Fyrd-leóþ galan aclum stefnum they sung a martial song with loud excited voices, Cd. 171; Th. 215, 4; Exod. 578.
a-cólian; p. ade, ode; pp. ad, od To become cool, cold, chilled; frigescere :-- Ræst wæs acólad his resting-place was chilled. Exon. 119 b; Th. 459, 28; Hö. 6. Ðonne biþ ðæt werge líc acólad then shall be the accursed carcase cooled, Exon, 100a; Th. 374, 12; Seel. 125. v. cólian.
acolitus = GREEK A light-bearer; lucifer :-- Acolitus is se ðe leóht berþ æt Godes þénungum acolite is he who bears the light at God's services, L.Ælf.P.34; Th.ii.378,7: L.Ælf.C.14; Th.ii.348,4. v.hádll. state, condition; ordo, gradus, etc.
acol-mód; adj. Of a fearful mind, timid; pavidus animo :-- Eorl acolmód a chief in trembling mood, fearful.mind, Exon. 55 b; Th. 195, 36; Az. 166. pegnas wurdon acolmóde the thanes were chilled with terror, Andr. Kmbl. 753; An. 377.
acordan; p. ede; pp. ed To ACCORD, agree, reconcile; reconciliare, Chr. 1119; Ing. 339, 30.
a-coren chosen; pp. of a-ceósan. v. ceósan, gecoren.
a-corenlíc; adj. Likely to be chosen; eligibilis :-- Biþ swíðe acorenlíc is very estimable, Past. 52, 8; Swt. 409, 36.
a-corfen carved; pp. of a-ceorfan.
a-costnod tried; pp. of a-costnian. v. costnian.
a-cræftan; p. de; pp. ed To devise, plan, contrive as a craftsman; excogitare :-- Úton ðeáh hwæðere acræftan hú we heora, an ðyssa nihta, mágan mæ-acute;st beswícan let us however plan how we can, in this night, most weaken them, Ors. 2, 5; Bos. 47,19.
a-crammian; p. ode; pp. od To cram,fill; farcire. v. crammian.
a-creópian; p. ede; pp. ed To creep; serpere, scatere :-- Ðá læ-acute;fdon híg hit [Manhu] sume, óþ hit morgen wæs, and hit wearþ wyrmum acreóped dimiserunt quidam ex eis usque mane, et scatere cæpit vermibus, Ex. 16, 20.
a-crimman; p. -cramm, pl. -crummon; pp. -crummen To crumble; friare :-- Acrummen in micas fractus, Cot. 88: 179: 193.
ác-rind, e; f. Oak-rind or bark; querna cortex :-- Ním ácrinde take oak-bark, Lchdm, iii, 14, l.
acs an axe. v. æx, acas.
Acsa, Axa, an; m? The river Axe. v. Acsan mynster.
Acsan mynster, Ascan mynster, Axan minster, es; n. [Acsa, an; m? the river Axe; mynster a monastery: Flor. Axanminster: Hunt. Acseminster] AXMINSTER in Devonshire; hodie Axminster, in agro Devoniensi; ita dictum quod situm est ad ripam fluminis Axi :-- Se Cynewulf rícsode xxxi wintra, and his líc líþ æt Wintan ceastre, and ðæs æðelinges æt Ascan [Acsan, Gib. 59, 3; Ing. 71, 28] mynster Cynewulf reigned thirty-one years, and his body lies at Winchester, and the prince's at Axminster, Chr. 755; Erl. 50, 32: Th. 86, 13, col. 1.
acse ashes, Cot. 40. v. asce.
acsian, acsigan; p. ode; pp. od To ask, ask for, demand; rogare, expostulate, exigere :-- Mót ic acsian, Bd. 4, 3; S. 568, 26. Cómon corþrum miclum cuman acsian they came in great multitudes to demand the strangers, Cd. 112; Th. 148, 8; Gen. 2453: Lk. Bos. 20, 40. Híg hine acsodon ðæt bigspell they asked him the parable, Mk. Th. 4, 10. Hú mæg æ-acute;nig man acsigan how can any man inquire? Bt. 35. l; Fox 156, 6. v. ascian.
acsung, e; f. An asking, a question, an inquiry, inquisition, interrogation, that which is inquired about, information; interrogatio :-- Uneáþe ic mæg forstandan ðíne acsunga I can scarcely understand thy questions, Bt. 5, 3; Fox 12, 16. v. ascung.
ác-treó, -treów, es; u. An oak-tree; quercus :-- Under áctreó under the oak-tree. Exon. 115a; Th. 443, 10; Kl. 28.
Ác-tún, es; m. [ác oak, tún a town] ACTON, Staffordshire ? -- Æt Áctúne at Acton, Th. Diplm. A. D. 1002; 546, 27. v. aac.
a-cucian to revive [cuc=cwic, Cd. 65; Th. 78, 23 = Ors. 2, 1; Bos. 38, 8]. v. a-cwician.
acul frightened, Cd. 210; Th. 261,14; Dan. 726. v. acol.
á-cuma OAKUM ; putamen :-- Ácuman putamina, Mone p. 398; B. 3231. v. ácumba.
a-cuman; p. -cam, -com, pl. -cámon, -cómon; pp. -cumen, -cymen To come, bear; venire, ferre, sustinere :-- Wæs of fere acumen he had come from the vessel, Cd. 75; Th. 93, 12; Gen. 1544. Ðæt land híg ne mihte acuman non sustinebat eos terra, Gen. 36, 7. Ge hyt ne mágon nú acuman non potestis portare modo, Jn. Bos. 16, 12.
á-cumba, an; m: æ-acute;-cumbe, an; n ? [cemban to comb]. I. oakum, that which is combed, the coarse part of hemp, -- Hards, flax, tow; stuppa = GREEK [v. heordas stuppæ, R. 68] :-- Afyl ða wúnde, and mid ácum-ban besweð fill the wound, and swathe up with tow. L.M. 1, 1; Lchdm, ii. 22, 21. Æ-acute;cumbe stuppa, Ælfc. Gl. 64; Som. 69, 2; Wrt. Voc. 40, 36. II. the thing pruned or trimmed, properly of trees, and figuratively of other things, hence, -- Prunings, clippings, trimmings; putamen, hinc, -- putamina non solum arborum sunt, verum omnium rerum purgamenta. Nam quicquid ex quacumque re projicitur, putamen appellate :-- Ácumba puta-men, Mone 8.3702. Ácumban putamina, 3703, p. 407. III. reduced to ashes, it was used as a substitute for GREEK == GREEK Wood ashes; spodium Græcorum nihil aliud est, quam radix Alcannæ combusta, officinæ ustum ebur ejus loco substituunt :-- To sealfe, ním.ácumban, cneówholen for a salve, take the ashes of oakum, butcher's broom, L.M. 1. 33; Lchdm, ii. 80, 11. Ácumba ashes of oakum, l, 47; Lchdm, ii. 120, 14.
a-cumend-líc; adj. Tolerable, bearable; tolerabilis. -- Acumendlícre byþ Sodoma lande and Gomorra on dómes dæg, ðonne ðære ceastre tolerabilius erit terræ Sodomorum et Gomorrhæorúm in die judicii quam illi civitati, Mt. Bos. lo, 15.
a-cumendlícness, e; f. The possibility to bring anything to pass; possibilitas. v. cumende; part. of cuman.
a-cunnian; p. ode; pp. od To prove; probare :-- Ðú acunnodest [MS. acunnudyst] us God probasti nos Deus, Ps. Spl. C. 65, 9. v. cunnian.
a-curon chose; p. pl. of a-ceósan.
a-cwæ-acute;don said, Ps. Th. 72, 6; p. of a-cweðan.
a-cwæ-acute;lon died, Chr. 918; Erl. 104,13; p. pl. of a-cwelan.
a-cwæþ. spoke, Cd. 30; Th. 40, 14; Gen. 639; p. of a-cweðan.
a-cwalde killed, Ps.Vos. 104, 27: 134, 11, = a-cwealde; p. of a-cwellan.
a-cwán melted, decayed, Bd. 2,7; S. 509, 29; p. of a-cwínan.
a-cwanc quenched, Chr. 1110; Ing. 331, 30; p. of a-cwincan.
a-cwealde killed, Cd. 69; Th. 84, 25 ; Gen. 1403; p. of a-cwellan.
a-cweccan; p. -cwehte; pp. -cweht To move quickly, to shake, vibrate; movere, quatere, vibrare :-- Æsc acwehte he shook the ash, i. e. the lance, Byrht. Th. 140, 59; By. 310.
a-cwelan, he -cwilþ, pl. -cwelaþ; p. -cwæl, pl. -cwæ-acute;lon; pp. -cwolen, -cwelen, v. n. To die, perish; mori :-- Ða fixas acwelaþ pisces morientur, Ex. 7, 18. Ofercumen biþ he æ-acute;r he acwele he will be overcome ere he dies, Exon, 90b; Th. 340, 10; Gn. Ex. 114. Monige men hungre acwæ-acute;lon many men died of hunger, Chr. 918; Erl. 104,13.
a-cwellan; p. -cwealde; pp. -cweald To kill, destroy; interficere, ne-care :-- Freá wolde on ðære to-weardan tíde acwellan the Lord would destroy them in the coming time, Gd. 64; Th. 77, 31; Gen. 1283. Ic wille mid flóde folc acwellan I will destroy the folk with a flood, 64; Th. 78, 21; Gen. 1296. Acwelleþ ða wyrmas killeth the worms, Herb. 137; Lchdm. i. 254, 22. Ðá ðe égor-here eorþan tuddor eall acwealde when the water-host destroyed all the progeny of earth. Cd. 69; Th. 84, 25; Gen. 1403. Wíges heard wyrm acwealde the bold one in battle slew the worm, the dragon, Beo. Th. 1777; B. 886. Steóp-cilda feala stundum acwealdon pupillos occiderunt. Ps. Th. 93, 6.
a-cwelledness, e; f. A quelling, killing; occisio. DER. cwellan.
a-cwencan; p. de, te, pl. don, ton; pp. ed, d, t To quench, extinguish, put out; extinguere :-- Bæd ðæt hí ðæt leóht acwencton prayed that they would put out the light, Bd. 4, 8; S. 575, 40, note, MS. B. Úre leohtftu synt acwencte lampades nostræ extinguuntur, Mt. Bos. 25, 8. Fyr ne byþ acwenced ignis non extinguitur Mk. Bos. 9, 44.
a-cweorran; p. -cwear, pl. -cwurron; pp. -cworren To eat or drink immoderately, to glut, guzzle; ingurgitare :-- Swá swá mihti acworren fram wíne tanquam potens crapulatus a vino, Ps. Spl. T. 77, 71.
ác-wern, es; n. The name of an animal, a squirrel; scirra, sciurus, Ælfc. Gl. 19; Som. 59, 9.
a-cwerren, -cworren drunk; pp. of a-cweorran.
a-cweðan, he -cwyþ; p. -cwæþ, pl. -cwæ-acute;don; pp. -cweden To say, tell, answer; dicere, eloqui, respondere :-- Ðæt word acwyþ that word says, Beo. Th. 4099; B. 2046. Word acwæþ, wuldres aldor he spake the word, the chief of glory, Cd. 30; Th. 40, 14; Gen. 639. Ðæt me acweden syndon quæ dicta sunt mihi, Ps. Th. 121,1. v. cweðan.
a-cwician; p. ode; pp. od To quicken, revive, to come to life; vivificare, reviviscere :-- On ðínre mild-heortnesse me scealt acwician in misericordia tua vivifica me, Ps. Th. 118, 159. Ðá acwicode ic hwon then 1 revived a little, Bd. 5, 6; S. 619, 29.
a-cwilþ perishes :-- Nea-cwilþ perishes not, Bt. 13; Fox 38, 29. v. a-cwelan.
a-cwínan: p. -cwán, pl. -cwinon; pp. -cwinen To waste or dwindle away, decline, become extinct; tabescere :-- Ðæt fýr acwán and adwæsced wæs the fire declined and was extinguished, Bd. 2, 7; S. 509, 29.
a-cwincan; p. -cwanc, pl. -cwuncon; pp. -cwuncen To vanish, become extinguished, quenched; extingui, evanescere :-- Se móna acwanc the moon was extinguished, i.e. eclipsed. Chr. 1110; Ing. 331, 30.
a-cwinen quenched, v. a-cwínan.
a-cwolen died, Chr. 918; Gib. 105, 37, note a. v. a-cwelan.
a-cworren drunk, Ps. Spl. T. 77, 71; pp. of a-cweorran.
a-cwucian to quicken, v. a-cwician.
a-cwylan to die, L. H. E. 6; Th. i. 30, 3. v. a-cwelan.
acxan ashes, Ors, 1, 3; Bos. 27, 32. v. axe, asce.
a-cýd said, confirmed, R. Ben. 27. v. a-cýðan.
a-cyrran; p. -cyrde; pp. -cyrred, -cyrd To avert; avertere :-- Ne ðú næ-acute;fre gedést, ðæt ðú mec acyrre from Cristes lofe thou shalt never do so, that thou avert me from the love of Christ, Exon. 67 b; Th. 251, 2; Jul. 139. Acyrred from Cristes æ-acute; turned from Christ's law, 71 b; Th. 267, 6; Jul. 411.
a-cyrrednes, -cerrednes, -ness, t; f. A turning, aversion, a turning from, apostacy, revolting; aversio. DER. a-cyrred. v. a-cyrran.
a-cýðan; p. -cýðde; pp. -cýðed, -cýd To show, announce, confirm; manifestare, annuntiare, confirmare :-- Yrre acyðan iram manifestare, irasci, Ps. Th. 88, 39. Æ-acute;r he hine acýðan móte ere he can show himself, Exon. 89 b; Th. 336,15; Gn. Ex. 49. Tom acýðan to make known or show one's affliction. Exon. 78a; Th. 293, 8; Wand. 113. Ðæ-acute;r me wæs yrre ðín on acýðed in me confirmata est ira tua, Ps. Th. 87, 7.
ÁD, aad, es; m. A funeral pile, pile, heap; rogus, congeries :-- Ðá on-bærnde he ðone ád then kindled he the pile, Bd. 3, 16; S. 542, 25. Ád stód onæled the pile was [stood] kindled, Cd. 141; Th. 176, 35; Gen. 2922. Hét ád onælan he commanded to kindle the funeral pile, Exon. 74a; Th. 277, 13; Jul. 580. Mycelne aad [ád MS. B.T.] gesomnode on beámum advexit plurimam congeriem trabium, Bd. 3, 16; S. 542, 22. [Kath. ad: O. Ger. eit ignis, rogus. v. Lat. æs-tus: Grk. GREEK: Sansk. edh-as wood for fuel, from the Sansk. root indh to light, kindle.] DER. ád-fær, -fýr, -lég, -loma.
a-dæ-acute;lan; p. ede; pp. ed, To part, divide, separate; partiri, dividere, separare :-- He sceal wesan of eorþan feor adæ-acute;led he shall be far parted from the earth, Cd. 106; Th. 140, 4; Gen. 2322. Ða wæ-acute;ron adæ-acute;lede ealle of ánum these were parted all from one, 12; Th. 14, 13; Gen. 218; Ps. Th. 54, 20. v. dæ-acute;lan.
a-deádan, -deádian; p. ode; pp. od To fail, decay, die, mortify, lay waste, destroy; fatiscere, Herb. 35, Lye: Cot. 90.
a-deáf; adj. Deaf; surdus, Ben. v. deaf.
a-deaflan; p. ode, ede; pp. od, ed To become or wax deaf; surdescere, obsurdescere :-- Adeáfede obsurduit, Ælfc. Gl. 100; Som. 77, 13; Wrt. Voc. 55, 17.
a-deáfung eárena A deafening of the ears; surditas. v. a-deáf.
ádel a disease, Exon. 48 b; Th. 167, 23; Gú. 1064. v. ádl.
adela, an; m. Filth; cænum :-- Ðæt hér yfle adelan stinceþ that here ill smells filth, Exon, 110b; Th. 424, l; Rä. 41, 32. [addle-pool a pool near a dunghill: Scot, adill, addle, foul and putrid water: N. Ger. adel, m. cænum: Holst, addeln lotium pecudum.] DER. adeliht, adel-seáþ.
a-delfan; p. -dealf, -dylf, pl. -dulfon; pp. -dolfen To dig, delve: fodere, effodere: -- Cleopatra hét adelfan hyre byrigenne Cleopatra ordered her burying place to be dug, Ors. 5, 13; Bos. 113, 22. Seáþ adealf lacum effodit. Ps. Spl. 7, 16: Bd. 3, 2; S. 524, 16. óþ ðæt biþ seáþ adolfen donec fodiatur fovea, Ps. Th. 93,12 : Bd. 3, 9; S. 533, 23.
adeliht; adj. Dirty,filthy; cænosus, Cot. 48.
adel-seaþ, es; m. A sewer, gutter, sink; cloaca, v. adul-seáþ.
adelyng a prince, Joh. Brompt. ad ann. 907. v. æðeling.
a-dérnan; p. de; pp. ed To judge, adjudge, doom, deem, try, abjudicate, deprive; examinare, abjudicare, judicio facto relegare: -- Lícode Gode hire ða hálgan sáule eác swylce mid longre hire líchoman untrymnesse adémde and asodene beón it pleased God that her holy soul should also be tried and seethed with long sickness of her body, Bd. 4, 23;
A-DEORCIAN -- A-DWELIAN. 7
S. 595, 15. Ðú adémest me fram duguðe thou deprivest me of good, Cd. 49; Th. 63, 14; Gen. 1032. v. déman.
a-deorcian; p. ode, ade; pp. od, ad To obscure, dim, darken, hide; obscurare :-- Adeorcad obscuratus, Som. v. deorcian.
adesa, eadesa, an; m. An addice or adze, a cooper's instrument; ascia, Bd. 4, 3; S. 567, 26: Wrt. Voc. p. 84, 62.
ád-fær, nom. acc; g. -færes; pl. nom. -faru; n. The pile-way, the way to the funeral pile; iter rogi :-- Ðæt we hine gebringen on ádfære that we may bring him on the way to the pile, Beo. Th. 6012; B. 3010.
ád-fýr, es; n. A pile-fire; ignis rogi :-- Abraham ádfýr onbran Abraham kindled a pile-fire, Cd. 162; Th. 203, 4; Exod. 398.
a-dihtan; p. -dihte, -dihtode; pp. -dihtod, -diht To compose, edit, write; facere, componere. v. dihtan.
a-dilegian, -dilgian, -dylegian; p. ode; pp. od; v. a. [a, dilgian to destroy] To abolish, blot out, destroy, do away; abolere, delere :-- His sáwul biþ adilegod of his folce delebitur anima illa de populo suo, Gen. 17, 14. Ic adilgige hí delebo eos, Ps. Lamb. 17, 43. Adilga me of ðínre béc dele me de libro tuo, Ex. 32, 32: Ps. Th. 68, 29: 108, 13, 14. Adilgode, Ps. Th. 17, 40.
a-dimmian; p. ode; pp. od, ad To dim, darken, obscure, make dull; obscurare :-- Ðeáh heora mód sie adimmad though their mind be obscured, Bt. 24, 4; Fox 84, 28: Ps. Th. 68, 24.
ÁDL, ádel; g. ádle, f: ádle, an; f. A disease, pain, a languishing sickness, consumption; morbus, languor :-- Wæs seó ádl þearl, hát and heorogrim the disease was sharp, hot and very fierce, Exon. 47a; Th. 160, 30; Gú. 951. Seó mycle ádl the great disease, leprosy; elephantiasis, Som. Ne hine dréfeþ ádl disease does not afflict him, Beo. Th. 3476; B. 1736. Ðé to heortan hearde grípeþ ádl unlíðe fell disease gripes thee hard at heart, Cd. 43; Th. 57, 32; Gen. 937. Ðé untrymnes ádle gongum býsgade infirmity has afflicted thee through attacks of disease, Exon. 47b; Th. 163, 8; Gú. 990. He ðíne ádle ealle gehæ-acute;lde sanavit omnes languores tuos, Ps. Th. 102, 3. Ðæt ádla hí gehæ-acute;ldon ut languores curarent, Lk. Bos. 9, 1. Hú manega ádla how many diseases? Bt. 31, 1; Fox 110, 29: Bd. 3, 12; S. 537, 6. Laman legeres ádl the palsy, v. leger. [Orm. adl disease. Probably akin to the Sansk. root indh to burn.] DER. feorh-ádl, fót-, horn-, in-, lungen-, mónaþ-: ádl-ian, -íc, -ig, -þracu, -wérig.
ádle, an; f. A disease; morbus :-- Ne yldo ne ádle neither age nor disease, Exon. 112a; Th. 430, 7; Rä. 44, 4. v. ádl.
ád-lég, es; m. The flame of the funeral pile; flamma rogi :-- Ádlég æleþ flæ-acute;sc and bán the flame of the pile burns flesh and bones, Exon. 59a; Th. 213, 9; Ph. 222.
ádlian, -igan; p. ode; pp. od To ail, to be sick, to languish; ægrotare, languere :-- Ðæt se ylca biscop án ádliende mæden gebiddende gehæ-acute;lde ut idem episcopus puellam languentem orando sanaverit, Bd. 5, 3; S. 615, 35. Ic ádlige langueo, Ælfc. Gr. 26, 2; Som. 28, 46.
ádlíc, ádlig; adj. [ádl disease, líc like] Sick, ill, diseased, corrupted, putrid; morbidus, ægrotus, tabidus, vitiatus, putidus. Hence ADDLE egg; putidum ovum :-- Ádlige men languentes homines, Bd. 3, 2; S. 524, 32. Ádlig æger vel ægrotus, Wrt. Voc. 45, 59.
ád-loma, -lama? an; m. One crippled by the flame? cui flamma claudicationem attulit? -- Earme ádloman poor wretches, i.e. diaboli, Exon. 46a; Th. 156, 33; Gú. 884.
ádl-þracu; g. -þræce; f. The force or virulence of disease; morbi impetus :-- Seó ádlþracu the force of disease, Exon. 46b; Th. 159, 31; Gú. 935. v. þræc.
ádl-wérig; adj. Weary with sickness; morbo fatigatus :-- Fonde his mon-dryhten ádlwérigne he found his master weary with sickness, Exon. 47b; Th. 162, 25; Gú. 981.
a-dolfen dug, Ps. Th. 93, 12; pp. of a-delfan.
a-dón; p. -dyde; impert. -dó; v. a. To take away, remove, banish; tollere, ejicere :-- Ne mágon ðé nú heonan adón hyrste ða reádan the red ornaments may not now take thee hence, Exon. 99a; Th. 370, 14; Seel. 57. Ðæt hý God ðanon adó to heora ágnum lande that God will bring them thence to their own land, Ors. 3, 5; Bos. 56, 37. Adó ða buteran remove the butter, L. M. 1, 36; Lchdm. ii. 86, 22. Adó of ða buteran take off the butter, 86, 19. Flód adyde mancinn a flood destroyed mankind, Ælfc. T. 5, 25: Gen. 7, 23: 9, 11, Adó ðas wylne ejice ancillam hanc, Gen. 21, 10: Bt. 16, 1; Fox 50, 10: Ps. Th. 68, 14.
a-dræ-acute;dan; p. -dréd; pp. -dræ-acute;den To fear; timere :-- He adréd ðæt folc timuit populum, Mt. Bos. 14, 5.
a-dræ-acute;fan, -dréfan; p. de; pp. ed To drive away; expellere :-- Ðá wearþ adræ-acute;fed deórmód hæleþ then was driven away the beloved hero, Chr. 975; Th. i. 228, 22; Edg. 44. He adræ-acute;fed wæs ejectus est, Gen. 3, 24. Osræ-acute;d wæs of ríce adréfed Osred was banished from his kingdom, Chr. 790; Th. 99, 20, col. 2.
a-dreág, -dreáh bore, Exon. 25b; Th. 74, 6; Cri. 1202; p. of a-dreógan.
a-dréd feared, Mt. Bos. 14, 5; p. of a-dræ-acute;dan.
a-dréfed driven, Chr. 790; Th. 99, 20, col. 2, = a-dræ-acute;fed; pp. of a-dræ-acute;fan.
adreminte, an; f. The herb feverfew: parthenium = GREEK, Prior 78.
a-drencan; p. -drencte; pp. -drenced; v. a. To plunge under, to immerse, drown; immergere :-- Wolde hine adrencan on ðære eá would drown him in the river, Bt. 16, 2; Fox 52, 36. Caines ofspring eall wearþ adrenced on ðam deópan flód, ðe adyde mancinn Cain's offspring were all drowned in the deep flood, which destroyed mankind, Ælfc. T. 5, 24. Heora feóndas flód adrencte, Ps. Th. 105, 10: Ex. 14, 28.
a-dreógan, -driógan; ic -dreóge, ðú -dreógest, -drýhst, he -dreógeþ, -drýhþ; p. -dreág, -dreáh, pl. -drugon; pp. -drogen. I. to act, perform, practise; agere, perficere :-- He adreág unrihte þing gessit iniqua, Hymn. Bibl. Cott. Jul. A. 6. Ðe his lufan adreógeþ who practises his love, Exon. 33b; Th. 107, 24; Gú. 63. Líf adreógan agere vitam, Hexam. 3; Norm. 4, 29. II. to bear, suffer, endure; pati, sustinere :-- Hí adreógan mágan they may bear, Bt. 40, 3; Fox 238, 27. Ic ne mæg adreógan ðíne seófunga I cannot tolerate thy lamentations, Bt. 11, 1; Fox 30, 20. Ðæt hie ðe eáþ mihton drohtaþ adreógan that they might the easier endure their way of life, Andr. Kmbl. 737; An. 369. Earfeðu ðe he adreág the pains that he endured, Exon. 25b; Th. 74, 6; Cri. 1202. Earfeðo ðe he adreáh the pains that he endured, Andr. Kmbl. 2971; An. 1488. v. dreógan.
a-dreógendlíc; adj. Bearable; tolerabilis; part. of a-dreógan, -líc.
a-dreópan; ic -dreópe, ðú -drýpst, he -drýpþ; p. -dreáp, pl. -drupon; pp. -dropen To shed drop by drop; guttatim effundere :-- Nú is mín swát adropen now is my blood sprinkled, An. 1427, note. v. a-þráwan.
a-dreósan; ic -dreóse, ðú -drýst, he -dreóseþ, -drýst; p. -dreás, pl. -druron; pp. -droren To fall, decline; labi, deficere :-- Ne biþ se hlísa adroren fame will not decline, non erit fama tædio affecta, Exon. 95a; Th. 355, 19; Reim. 79.
a-drífan, æ-drífan; ic -drífe, ðú -drífest, -drífst, he -drífeþ, -drífþ, -dríft, pl. -drífaþ; p. -dráf, pl. -drifon; pp. -drifen To drive, stake, expel, pursue, follow up; agere, pellere, expellere, repellere, sequi, prosequi :-- Ða Walas adrifon sumre eá ford ealne mid scearpum pílum greátum innan ðam wætere the Welsh staked all the ford of a certain river with great sharp piles within the water, Chr. Introd; Th. 5, 35. Rihtwísnyssa his ic ne adráf fram me justitias ejus non repuli a me, Ps. Spl. 17, 24. Adrífe ðæt spor út of his scíre let him pursue the track out of his shire, L. Ath. v. § 8, 4; Th. i. 236, 23. Adrifene fatu graven or embossed vessels, Ælfc. Gl. 67; Som. 69, 99. v. drífan.
a-drigan, -drygan, -drygean, -drugian, -druwian; p. de, ode; pp. ed, od To dry, dry up, rub dry, wither; abstergere, siccare, exsiccare :-- Hlúde streámas on Æthane ealle ðú adrigdest tu exsiccasti fluvios Ethan, Ps. Th. 73, 15.
a-drincan; p. -dranc, pl. -druncon; pp. -druncen To be immersed, extinguished, quenched by water, to be drowned; immergi, exstingui, aquis suffocari :-- Lígfýr adranc the fire-flame was quenched, Cd. 146; Th. 182, 18; Exod. 77. Mycele má moncynnes adranc on ðam wætere many more of mankind were drowned in the water, Bd. 3, 24; S. 556, 36.
a-driógan, -drióhan to bear, Bt. 40, 3; Fox 238, 22; MS. Cott. The Bodl. MS. has a-drióhan. v. a-dreógan.
a-drogen done, finished; transactus, peractus; pp. of a-dreógan.
a-dronc, -droncen. for a-dranc, -druncen; p. and pp. of a-drincan.
a-drugian; p. ode; pp. od To dry; siccari :-- Ðá sóna adrugode se streám alveus siccatus est, Bd. 1. 7; S. 478, 13. v. a-drigan.
a-druncen drowned; pp. of a-drincan.
a-druwian; p. ode; pp. od To dry up; siccari :-- Ðæt ða wætera wæ-acute;ron adruwode ofer eorþan quod aquæ: cessassent super terram, Gen. 8, 11. Eorþan brádnis wæs adruwod exsiccata erat superficies terræ, 8, 13. v. a-drigan.
a-drygan, -dryggean to dry, Past. 13, 1; Hat. MS. 16b, 6. v. adrigan.
adul-seáþ a sewer, sink; cloaca, Wrt. Voc. 36, 42. v. adelseáþ.
a-dumbian; p. ode, ede; pp. od, ed; v. n. To hold one's peace, to keep silence, to become mute or dumb; obmutescere :-- Adumba and gá of ðisum men obmutesce et exi de homine, Mk. Bos. 1, 25. Adumbiaþ ða fácnfullan weoloras muta efficiantur labia dolosa, Ps. Th. 30, 20. Ic adumbede obmutui, Ps. Spl. 38, 3. Ic adumbode, Ps. Lamb. 38, 10.
a-dún, -dúne; adv. Down, adown, downward; deorsum :-- Adún of ðam wealle down from the wall, Bd. 1, 12; S. 481, 21. Ða óðre ða dura bræ-acute;con adúne the others broke the doors down, Chr. 1083; Th. 352, 19. Adúne asetton (they) put down, deposed, Bd. 4, 6; S. 573, 35. He adúne astáh descendit, Ps. Spl. 71, 6: 87, 4.
a-dún-weard; adv. Downward; deorsum :-- Scotedon adúnweard mid arewan they shot their arrows downward, Chr. 1083; Th. i. 352, 14.
a-dwæscan; p. ede, te; pp. ed, t; v. a. [a, dwæscan to quench] To quench, put out, staunch, appease; extinguere :-- Smeócende flex he ne adwæscþ linum fumigans non extinguet, Mt. Bos. 12, 20. Ðæt fýr adwæsced wæs flammæ extinctæ sunt, Bd. 2, 7; S. 509, 29. Adwæscton extinguerent, 4, 8; S. 575, 41. Adwæsctum ðínum feóndum extinctis tuis hostibus, 2, 12; S. 514, 7. Efne swá he mid wætre ðone weallendan lég adwæsce even as he with water the raging flame quenches, Exon. 122a; Th. 467, 23; Alm. 6. Eall mín unriht adwæsc omnes ILLEGIBLE meas dele, Ps. Ben. 50, 10.
a-dwelian; p. -dwelede, -dwealde; pp. -dweled, -dweald [a, dwelian. to err] To seduce, lead into error; seducere :-- Woldon adwelian
mancyn fram heora Drihtene they would seduce mankind from their Lord, L. Ælf. P. 29; Th. ii. 374, 31.
a-dwínan; ic -dwíne, -dwínest, -dwínst, he -dwíneþ, -dwínþ, pl. -dwínaþ; p. -dwán, pl. -dwinon; pp. -dwinen To dwindle or vanish away; vanescere. v. dwínan.
a-dýdan, -dýddan; p. -dýdde; pp. -dýded, -dýd; v. a. [a, dýdan to die] To put to death, to destroy, kill, mortify; perdere, occidere :-- Wolde híg adýddan would destroy them, Ælfc. T. 22, 19. Ðæt ic náteshwon nelle heonon forþ eall flæ-acute;sc adýdan mid flódes wæterum that I will not, by any means, henceforth destroy all flesh with the waters of a flood, Gen. 9, 11. Æ-acute;lc þing ðe líf hæfde wearþ adýd everything which had life was destroyed, Gen. 7, 23.
a-dydest, hast banished; expulisti, Ps. Lamb. 59, 12; p. of a-dón.
a-dylegian; pres. ic -dylegige; p. ode; pp. od To destroy; delere :-- Ic adylegige deleo; ic adylegode [adeligode Som.] delevi; adylegod deletum, of ðam is gecweden letum [ = lethum death; Grk. GREEK oblivio] deáþ, ðe adylegaþ líf I destroy; I destroyed; destroyed, deletum, from which is derived [called] letum death, which destroyeth life, Ælfc. Gr. 26; Som. 28, 32, 33. v. a-dilegian, dilgian.
a-dylf effodit, Ps. Th. 7, 15, = a-dealf; p. of a-delfan, q. v.
Æ. The short or unaccented Anglo-Saxon æ has a sound like ai in main and fairy, as appears from these cognate words :-- Wæl wail, brædan to braid, nægel a nail, dæg, spær, læt, snæce, mæst, æsp, bær, etc. 2. The short or unaccented æ stands only (1) before a single consonant; as Stæf, hwæl, dæg: (2) a single consonant followed by e in nouns; Stæfes, stæfe, hwæles, dæges, wæter, fæder, æcer: (3) or before st, sc, fn, ft; Gæst, æsc, hræfn, cræft: (4) before pp, bb, tt, cc, ss; Æppel, cræbba, hæbben, fætte, fættes, wræcca, næsse: (5) before double consonants, arising from the inflection of monosyllabic adjectives :-- Lætne, lætre, lætra, from læt late; hwætne, hwætre, hwætra from hwæt quick. 3. In the declension of monosyllabic nouns and adjectives, e is rejected from the short or unaccented æ, and becomes a, when a single consonant, or st, sc, is followed by a, o, u in nouns, and by a, o, u, e in adjectives; as Stæf, pl. stafas, g. stafa, d. stafum; hwæl, pl. hwalas; dæg, pl. dagas. adj. Læt late; g. m. n. lates; d. latum; se lata the late; latost, latemest, latest: Smæl small; g. m. n. smales; d. smalum; se smala the small, etc. See short a in B. 3, p. 1, col. 1. 4. æ-, prefixed to words, like a-, often denotes A negative, deteriorating or opposite signification, as From, away, out, without, etc. Like a, ge, etc. æ is sometimes prefixed to perfect tenses and perfect participles and other words without any perceptible alteration in the sense; as Céled, æ-céled cooled. 5. The Anglo-Saxon Rune for æ is RUNE, which is also put for æsc an ash-tree, the name of the letter. v. æsc.
B. The long or accented æ-acute; has the sound of ea in meat, sea. The æ-acute; is found in the following words, which are represented by English terms of the same signification, having ea sounded as in deal, fear; Dæ-acute;l, fæ-acute;r, dræ-acute;d, læ-acute;dan, bræ-acute;do, hæ-acute;to, hwæ-acute;te, hæ-acute;þ, hæ-acute;ðen, clæ-acute;ne, læ-acute;ne, sæ-acute;, æ-acute;r, hæ-acute;lan, læ-acute;ran, tæ-acute;can, tæ-acute;san, tæ-acute;sel, wæ-acute;pen, etc. 2. The æ-acute; is known to be long, and therefore accented, when in monosyllables, assuming another syllable in declining, æ-acute; is found before a single consonant or st, sc, and followed in nouns by a, o, u, and in adjectives by a, o, u, or e; as Blæ-acute;da fruits; blæ-acute;dum: Dwæ-acute;s dull; g. m. dwæ-acute;ses. The æ-acute; is often changed into á; as Stæ-acute;nen stony, stán a stone; læ-acute;r, lár lore.
Æ-acute;; indecl. f. Law, statute, custom, rite, marriage; lex, statutum, ceremoniæ, ritus, matrimonium :-- God him sette æ-acute; ðæt ys open lagu God gave them a statute that is a plain law, Ælfc. T. 10, 20. Æ-acute; Drihtnes the law of the Lord, Ps. Spl. 18, 8: Mt. Bos. 26, 28. God is wísdóm and æ-acute; woruldbúendra God is the wisdom and law of the inhabitants of the world, Bt. Met. Fox 29, 165; Met. 29, 83. Cristes æ-acute; the Gospel. Bútan æ-acute; oððe útlaga an outlaw, Ælfc. Gr. 47; Som. 48, 44. Seó æftere æ-acute; Deuteronomy, Bd. 1, 27. Húslfatu hálegu ða æ-acute;r Israela in æ-acute; hæfdon the holy vessels which the Israelites formerly used in their rites, Cd. 212; Th. 262, 29; Dan. 751. Wircaþ his bebodu and his æ-acute; and his dómas observa præcepta ejus et ceremonias atque judicia, Deut. 11, 1. Stýrde unryhtre æ-acute; he reproved the unlawful marriage, Exon. 70a; Th. 260, 14; Jul. 297. [O. Sax. éo, m: O. Frs. á, é, éwe, éwa, f: Ger. ehe, f. matrimonium: M. H. Ger. éwe, é, f; O. H. Ger. éwa, éha, éa, f: Sansk. eva, m. course, manner.]
æ-acute;; indecl. f. Life; vita :-- Ðæt hí ne meahtan acwellan cnyhta æ-acute; that they might not destroy the young men's lives, Exon. 55a; Th. 195, 32; Az. 164.
æ-acute;; indecl. f. A river, stream; rivus, torrens :-- On ðære æ-acute; ðú hý drencst thou shalt give them to drink of the stream; torrente potabis eos, Ps. Th. 35, 8. v. eá.
æ-acute; alas! Æ-acute;, Hy. 1, 1. = eá, Lamb, MS. fol. 183b, line 11. v. æ-acute;lá, æálá, eálá.
æálá; interj. O! alas! O, eheu :-- Æálá ðú Scippend O! thou Creator, Bt. Met. Fox 4, 1; Met. 4, 1. v. eálá, æ-acute;lá.
a-eargian; p. ode, ade; pp. od [a, eargian torpescere] To become slothful; segnis fieri :-- Hý ondrédan, gif hí hwílum ne ILLEGIBLE, ðæt hý tó raðe a-eargadon they dreaded, if they did not sometimes wage war, that they should too soon become slothful, Ors. 4, 13; Bos. 100, 20.
æ-acute;-bær notorious, L. Eth. vi. 36; Th. i. 324, 11. v. æ-acute;-ber.
Æbban dún, Abban dún, e; f. [Æbba, an; m: or Æbbe, an; f: dún a down or hill; Æbba's or Æbbe's down or hill] ABINGDON; Abindoniæ oppidum in agro Berceriensi :-- His líc líþ on ðam mynstre æt Abban dúne his body lies in the monastery at Abingdon, Chr. 981; Th. 234, 34, col. 1.
a-ebbian; p. a-ebbode; pp. a-ebbad, ge-ebbod; v. intrans. To ebb away, recede; recedere :-- Ðæt wæter wæs a-ebbad [a-ebbod MS. C. T; ge-ebbod Cant.] feala furlanga from ðám scipum the water had ebbed many furlongs from the ships, Chr. 897; Ing. 123, 19. v. ebbian.
æbbung, e; f. An EBBING; recessus aquarum :-- Sæ-acute;-æbbung a bay; sinus, Wrt. Voc. 41, 63. v. ebba.
æ-acute;-bebod, es; n. Law, injunction of the law, command; lex, legis mandatum :-- Ðú me æ-acute;bebod æ-acute;rest settest tu legem posuisti mihi, Ps. Th. 118, 102.
æ-acute;-béc law books, books of the law; juris codices, Cot. 126.
æ-acute;-ber, æ-acute;-bær; adj. Clear and evident by proof, manifest, apparent, notorious; apricus, manifestus :-- Se æ-acute;bera þeóf the notorious thief, L. Edg. ii. 7; Th. i. 268, 22. Æ-acute;bære manslagan notorious homicides, L. Eth. vi. 36; Th. i. 324, 11.
æbesen, æbesn pasturage; pasnagium, L. In. 49; Th. i. 132, 18, note 46. v. æfesen.
æ-bilgan, æ-bilian to make angry; exasperare, Ps. Spl. 67, 7. v. a-belgan.
æ-bilignes, -ness, e; f. Indignation, anger; indignatio, Apol. Th. v. æ-bylignes.
æ-blæ-acute;cnys, -nes, -ness, e; f. A paleness; pallor :-- Wið æblæ-acute;cnysse ðæs líchaman for paleness of the body, Herb. 164, 2; Lchdm. ii. 294, 3.
æ-bléc; adj. Pale, wan, whitish, bleak; pallidus. v. blæ-acute;c, blác.
æ-blécing, æ-blécnys paleness. v. æ-blæ-acute;cnys, blácung.
æ-acute;-bod, es; m. A business; negotium :-- Æ-acute;bodas pragmatica negotia, Ælfc. Gl. 12; Som. 57, 94.
æ-acute;-boda, an; m. A messenger of the law; legis nuntius :-- Ðá wæs frófre gæ-acute;st onsended eádgum æ-acute;bodan then the spirit of comfort was sent to the blessed messenger of the law, i. e. the preacher of the gospel, Exon. 46b; Th. 158, 15; Gú. 909.
æ-acute;-brec [eá water, bræc] A catarrh, rheum; rheuma. v. brecan.
æbs, e; f? A fir-tree; abies, Ælfc. Gr. 5; Som. 4, 45: 9, 26; Som. 11, 18.
æ-bylg, es; n. Anger; ira, indignatio, Exon. 50b; Th. 176, 17; Gú. 1211. v. æ-bylgþ.
æ-bylgan, -byligan To make angry; exasperare, Ps. Spl. 65, 6. v. a-belgan.
æ-bylgþ, -bylþ, -bylygþ, e; f: es; n? [bylgþ, v. belgan] An offence, a fault, scandal, wrong, anger, wrath, indignation; offensa, injuria, ira, indignatio :-- To æbylgþe for offence, Ors. 4, 1; Bos. 76, 27. He sende on hí graman æbylygþe hys misit in eos iram indignationis suæ, Ps. Spl. 77, 54. Cristenum cyningce gebyraþ swýðe rihte ðæt he Godes æbylþe wrece Christiano regi jure pertinet ut injurias Deo factas vindicet, L. C. S. 40; Th. i. 400, 10. v. a-bylgþ, a-byligd.
æ-bylignes, -ness; -nys, -nyss, e; f. Indignation, wrath; indignatio :-- Æbylignes yrres ðínes indignatio iræ tuæ, Ps. Th. 68, 25. He sende on hí graman æbylignysse hys misit in eos iram indignationis suæ, Ps. Spl. 77, 54. v. a-bylgnes.
æ-acute;c also, Th. Dipl. A. D. 804-829; 460, 9: 461, 18, 33. v. eác.
æ-acute;c, e; f. An oak; quercus :-- Of ðære æ-acute;ce [MS. æ-acute;c] andlang heges to ðæm wege from the oak and along the hedge to the road, Kmbl. Cod. Dipl. iii. p. 78, 7. v. ác.
æ-acute;can to eke, Solil. 11. v. écan.
æcced, es; n. Vinegar; acetum, Jn. Lind. War. 19, 30. v. eced.
æce, ace, es; m. An ake, pain; dolor :-- Eal ðæt sár and se æce onwæg alæ-acute;ded wæs all the sore and ake were (led) taken away, Bd. 5, 3; S. 616, 35: 5, 4; S. 617, 22. DER. acan to ake. v. ece.
æ-acute;ce; adj. Eternal; æternus :-- Ðæt we ge-earnian æ-acute;ce dreámas that we may obtain eternal delights, Ps. C. 156. v. éce.
æced, es; n. Vinegar :-- Onféng ðe Hæ-acute;lend ðæt æced the Saviour received the vinegar, Jn. Rush. War. 19, 30. v. eced.
æced-fæt, es; n. An acid-vat, a vinegar-vessel; acetabulum, Wrt. Voc. 25, 21. v. eced-fæt.
æced-wín, es; n. ACID-WINE; murratum vinum, Mk. Lind. War. 15, 23.
æ-céled cooled; pp. of æ-célan = a-célan. DER. célan.
æcelma, an; m. A chilblain; mula, L. M. 1, 30; Lchdm. ii. 70, 16.
æ-acute;cen = ácen; adj. Oaken, made of oak; quernus, Cot. 165.
æ-acute;cen, eácen; pp. of eácan to increase. v. eácan.
ÆCER, æcyr, es; m. I. a field, land, what is sown, sown land; ager, seges :-- For ðam is se æcer geháten Acheldemah propter hoc vocatus est ager ille Haceldama, Mt. Bos. 27, 8. Hér ys seó bót, hú ðú meaht ðíne æceras betan here is the remedy, how thou mayest improve thy fields, Lchdm. i. 398, 1. Of ðæm æcere from the field, Bt. Met. Fox 12, 3; Met. 12, 2. Æcera þúsend a thousand fields, 14, 10; Met. 14, 5. II. a definite quantity of land which, in A. Sax. times, a yoke of oxen could plough in a day, an ACRE, that is 4840 square yards; jugeri spatium, jugerum, a jugo quod tantum fere spatii uno jugo boum arari posset: also ager - Ger. acker an acre :-- Æ-acute;lce dæg ic sceal erian fulne æcer oððe máre omni die debeo arare integrum jugerum [MS. agrum]
ÆCER-CEORL -- Æ-acute;FEN-STEORRA. 9
aut plus, Coll. Monast. Th. 19, 21. Ðæt is se teóða æcer, eal swá seó sulh hit gegá that is the tenth acre, all as the plough goes over it, L. C. E. 8; Th. i. 366, 6. Æceras jugera, Cot. 109. [O. Sax. akkar: O. Frs. ekker: O. Ger. ahhar: N. Ger. acker a field, an acre: Goth. akrs: O. Nrs. akr: Lat. ager: Grk. GREEK Sansk. ajra a plain.]
æcer-ceorl, es; m. A field-churl, a farmer, ploughman; agricola. DER. æcer a field, ceorl a free husbandman.
æcer-man, æcer-mon; g. æcer-mannes; m. A field-man, farmer; agricola, Ælfc. Gl. 5.
æ-acute;cern, æ-acute;cirn, es; n. [æ-acute;c = ác oak, corn corn] The corn or fruit of an oak, an ACORN, a nut; glans :-- Æ-acute;cern glans, Ælfc. Gl. 46; Som. 65, 7. Æ-acute;cirnu, pl. nom. Gen. 43, 11. [Spenser, Grafton, acornes, pl: N. Dut. aker in aker-boom: N. L. Ger. ecker, m. n: N. Ger. ecker, pl. eckern, m. n. glans quernea or fagea: Goth. akran, n. fructus: Dan. agern, n: Norw. aakorn: O. Nrs. akarn, n. glans silvestris.]
æcer-spranca, æcer-spranga, an; m. [æcer, spranca, an; m. a shoot, sprout] Young shoots springing up from acorns, saplings, the holm oak, scarlet oak; ilex :-- Æcer-spranca ilex, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 61; Som. 13, 48.
æcest = æcst akest, 2nd pers. sing. pres. of acan.
æceþ = æcþ aketh, 3rd pers. sing. pres. of acan.
æchir an ear of corn, Mt. Rush. Stv. 12, 1. v. ear.
æ-ciorfan to cut to pieces, Ps. Spl. 128, 4. v. a-ceorfan.
æ-acute;cirnu nuts, Gen. 43, 11. v. æcern.
æc-læ-acute;ca, an; m. [æc = ag, q. v.] A wretch, miscreant, monster; miser, perditus, monstrum, Elen. Grm. 901; El. 902. v. ag-læ-acute;ca.
æ-acute;-cræft, es; m. Law-craft and its result; legis peritia et vires inde oriundæ :-- Æ-acute;cræft eorla law-craft of men, Elen. Kmbl. 869; El. 435: Cd. 173; Th. 217, 7; Dan. 19.
æ-acute;-cræftig; adj. Law-crafty, one skilled in law, a lawyer, scribe; legis peritus :-- Him æ-acute;cræftig andswarode to them the skilled in law answered, Cd. 212; Th. 262, 10; Dan. 742.
æcse an axe, Bd. 4, 3; S. 567, 26. v. æx.
æcst akest, 2nd pers. sing. pres. of acan.
æcþ aketh, 3rd pers. sing. pres. of acan.
æ-acute;cumbe oakum; stuppa, Wrt. Voc. 40, 36. v. ácumba.
æcyr a field :-- Blódes æcyr sanguinis ager, Mt. Foxe 27, 8. v. æcer.
æcyrf, e; f. That which is cut off, a fragment, piece; recisura, fragmentum :-- Ðara treówa æcyrf and láfe forbærnde wæ-acute;ron the offcuttings and leavings of the wood were burnt, Bd. 3, 22; S. 552, 13. v. cyrf, ceorfan.
æd-, prefixed to words, denotes Anew, again, as the Latin re- :-- Æd-sceaft re-generation. v. ed-.
æ-acute;ddran kidneys; renes, Ps. Spl. C. 7, 10. v. æ-acute;dre.
æ-acute;der-seax, æ-acute;dre-seax, es; n. A vein-knife, a lancet; lancetta, Cot. 92.
æd-fæst [eád substance, fæst fast, fixed] Goods, property; bona :-- Ædfæst tæ-acute;ht to healdenne property taken to hold, a pledge, Ælfc. Gl. 14; Som. 58, 8.
æd-leán a reward, Th. Diplm. A. D. 804-829; 459, 11. v. ed-leán.
æ-acute;dr vein, artery, Ps. Th. 72, 17. v. æ-acute;dre, édre.
ædre; adv. Quickly, promptly, at once, forthwith; illico, confestim, statim, protinus :-- Him ðá ædre God andswarede God answered him forthwith, Cd. 42; Th. 54, 4; Gen. 872. Wille ðé ða andsware ædre gecýðan I will quickly let you know the answer, Beo. Th. 714; B. 354. Nú ðú ædre const síþ-fæt mínne now thou comprehendest at once my journey, Exon. 52b; Th. 184, 29: Gú. 1351. [O. H. Ger. atar: O. Sax. adro: O. Frs. edre velociter.] v. edre.
æ-acute;dre, æ-acute;ddre, édre, an; f; æ-acute;dr, e; f. I. a channel for liquids, An artery, a vein, fountain, river; arteria, vena, fons, rivus; v. wæter-æ-acute;dre :-- Feorh aléton þurh æ-acute;dra wylm they let life forth through the fountain of their veins, Exon. 72b; Th. 271, 6; Jul. 478. Blédaþ æ-acute;dran the veins shall bleed, Salm. Kmbl. 290; Sal. 144. Swát æ-acute;drum sprong blood sprang from the veins, Beo. Th. 5925; B. 2966. II. a nerve, sinew, kidney; nervus, ren :-- Wæ-acute;ron míne æ-acute;dra ealle tolýsde renes mei resoluti sunt, Ps. Th. 72, 17. Ðú canst míne æ-acute;dre ealle tu possedisti omnes renes meos, 138, 11. Ðá for ðam cýle him gescuncan ealle æ-acute;dra then all his sinews shrank because of the cold, Ors. 3, 9; Bos. 64, 39. [Plat. ader: O. Frs. eddere, eddre: O. Dut. adere: Ger. ader: M. H. Ger. áder: O. H. Ger. ádara: Dan. aare: Swed. åder: Norw. aader: O. Nrs. æd, f.] DER. wæter-æ-acute;dre.
æ-acute;dre-seax a vein-knife, lancet. v. æ-acute;der-seax.
æ-acute;dre-weg, es; m. A drain way, a vein, an artery; arteria, vena. v. æ-acute;dre, weg a way.
æ-drífan to expel, Ps. Spl. T. 42, 2: 43, 26. v. a-drífan.
æd-sceaft, e; f. A regeneration, new creation; regeneratio :-- Hí æ-acute;lce geáre weorþaþ to ædsceafte they become every year a new creation, Bt. 34, 10; Fox 150, 16. v. edsceaft.
Ædwines clif, EDWIN'S CLIFF, Chr. 761; Ing. 73, 15.
æd-wist substance; substantia, essentia. v. æt-wist.
æd-wít, es; n. A reproach; opprobrium :-- Æd-wít manna opprobrium hominum, Ps. Spl. C. T. 21, 5. v. ed-wít.
æd-wítan To reproach; exprobare :-- Æd-wioton him improperabant ei, Mt. Lind. Stv. 27, 44. v. ed-wítan.
æf, af, of: prep. Of, from: ab, de. v. compound æf-lást and in of-.
æf-æ-acute;st, es; n. Envy; invidia :-- Bútan æfæ-acute;ste sine invidia, Bd. 5, 22; S. 644, 13. v. æf-ést.
æ-acute;-fæst, -fest; adj. [æ-acute; law, fæst fast, fixed] Firm in observing the law, religious, pious; tenax observandi legem, religiosus, pius, justus :-- Æ-acute;fæst hæleþ a pious man, Cd. 59; Th. 72, 6; Gen. 1182. Æ-acute;fæste men pious men, 86; Th. 108, 7; Gen. 1802. We æ-acute;fæstra dæ-acute;de déman we consider the deeds of the pious, Exon. 40a; Th. 133, 30; Gú. 497. Wæs he æ-acute;fæst and árfæst was he devout and good? Bd. 3, 14; S. 539, 33. v. æ-acute;w-fæst.
æ-acute;-fæsten, es; n. A legal fast; legitimum jejunium :-- III æ-acute;fæstenu fæste he tribus legitimis jejuniis jejunet, L. Ecg. C. 4; Th. ii. 138, 1.
æ-acute;-fæstnes, -festnes, -nys, -ness, e; f. Firmness in the law, religion; religio :-- He wæs mycelre æ-acute;fæstnesse wer he was a man of much religion, Bd. 4, 31; S. 610, 7: 2, 9; S. 510, 30, 32.
æf-dæl; g. -dæles; pl. nom. -dalu; n. [æf, dæl a vale] A descent; descensus :-- To æfdæle ad descensum, Lk. Lind. War. 19, 37. v. of-dæl.
æfdon performed, executed, Exon. 27b; Th. 83, 16; Cri. 1357, = æfndon, p. pl. of æfnan.
æ-felle, a-felle; adj. [æ, fell a skin] Barked, peeled, skinned; decorticatum, Ælfc. Gl. 115; Som. 80, 34; Wrt. Voc. 61, 14.
æfen even; æqualis, æquus. v. efen.
Æ-acute;FEN, æ-acute;fyn, éfen, es; m. The EVEN, evening, eventide; vesper, vespera :-- Syððan æ-acute;fen cwom after evening came, Beo. Th. 2475; B. 1235. Æ-acute;fen æ-acute;rest vesperum primum, Cd. 8; Th. 9, 7; Gen. 138. Æ-acute;fena gehwám in each of evenings, 148; Th. 184, 16; Exod. 108. Æt æ-acute;fenne, on æ-acute;fenne, or to æ-acute;fenne, at even, in the evening, Ps. Spl. 29, 6. [Laym. aefen: Orm. efen: Gow. Chauc. even: N. Dut. avond: M. Dut. avont, m: Plat, abend, m: O. Sax. áband, m: O. Frs. ávend, m: Ger. abend, m; M. H. Ger. ábent, m: O. H. Ger. ápand, ábant, ábunt, m: Dan. aften, m: Swed. afton, m: Icel. aptan, aftan, m: confr. Grk. GREEK.]
æ-acute;fen-dreám, es; m. Even-song; vespertinus cantus. v. æ-acute;fen.
æfen-fela as many; totidem, Deut. 9, 11. v. efen-feola.
æ-acute;fen-gebéd, es; n. An evening prayer, evening service :-- Æ-acute;fen-gebéd vespertinum officium, Ælfc. Gl. 34; Som. 62, 50.
æ-acute;fen-gereord, e; f. An evening meal, a supper; cœna, Ælfc. Gl. 58; Som. 67, 87; Wrt. Voc. 38, 13.
æ-acute;fen-gereordian; p. ode; pp. od To sup or take supper; cœnare. v. gereordian to take food.
æ-acute;fen-gifl, -giefl, es; n. Evening food, supper; cœna :-- Hí sécaþ ðæt hie fyrmest hlynigen æt æ-acute;fengieflum [-giflum MS. C.] quærunt primos in cœnis recubitus, Past. 1, 2; MS. Hat. 6b, 20: 44, 3; MS. Hat. 61b, 22.
æ-acute;fen-glóm, es; m. The evening gloom or twilight; crepusculum :-- From æ-acute;fenglóme óþ ðæt eástan cwom dægrédwóma from evening twilight there came the rush of dawn from the east, Exon. 51b; Th. 179, 21; Gú. 1265.
æ-acute;fen-grom; adj. Fierce in the evening; vespere ferox :-- Grendel cwom eatol, æ-acute;fengrom Grendel came terrible, fierce at eve, Beo. Th. 4154; B. 2074.
æfen-hlytta, an; m. A fellow, consort, companion or mate; consors, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 44; Som. 13, 6.
æ-acute;fen-hrepsung, e; f. The evening close; vesper, v. hrepsung closing.
æ-acute;fen-lác, es; n. An evening sacrifice; vespertinum sacrificium :-- Swylce ahafenes handa mínra, ðonne ic æ-acute;fenlác secge elevatio manuum mearum sacrificium vespertinum, Ps. Th. 140, 3.
æfen-læ-acute;can to match; imitari. v. efen-læ-acute;can.
æ-acute;fen-læ-acute;can; p. -læ-acute;hte; pp. -læ-acute;ht To grow towards evening; advesperascere :-- Hit æ-acute;fenlæ-acute;cþ advesperascit, Lk. Bos. 24, 29.
æfen-læ-acute;cend an imitator, v. efen-læ-acute;cend.
æ-acute;fen-leóht, es; n. Evening light; vespertina lux :-- Siððan æ-acute;fen-leóht under heofenes hádor beholen weorþeþ after the evening light is concealed under heaven's serenity, Beo. Th. 831; B. 413.
æ-acute;fen-leóþ es; n. An evening song; vespertinus cantus :-- Atol æ-acute;fenleóþ a dreadful evening song, Cd. 153; Th. 190, 18; Exod. 201.
æ-acute;fen-líc; adj. Vespertine, of the evening; vespertinus, Ps. Spl. 140, 2.
æ-acute;fen-mete, es; m. Evening meat, supper; cœna, Cot. 42.
æ-acute;fen-rest, e; f. Evening rest; vespertina requies :-- Sum sáre ongeald æ-acute;fenreste one paid dearly for his evening rest, Beo. Th. 2508; B. 1252.
æ-acute;fen-rima, an; m. [æ-acute;fen vesper, rima margo, labrum] Twilight; crepusculum. v. rima a rim, margin.
æ-acute;fen-sang, es; m. EVEN-SONG, vespers; vespertinus cantus, L. Ælf. C. 19; Th. ii. 350, 7.
æ-acute;fen-sceóp, -scóp, es; m. An evening bard; vespertinus cantor :-- Eald æ-acute;fensceóp ic bringe I bring an old evening bard, Exon. 103a; Th. 390, 21; Rä. 9, 5.
æ-acute;fen-scíma, an; m. Evening splendour; vespertinus splendor, Cd. 112; Th. 147, 31; Gen. 2448.
æ-acute;fen-spræc, e; f. Evening speech; vespertina loquela :-- Gemunde æ-acute;fenspræce he remembered his evening speech, Beo. Th. 1522; B. 759.
æ-acute;fen-steorra, an; m. The evening star; Hesperus; the Grk. GREEK [Lat. vesper], the evening star, is called by Hesiod a son of ILLEGIBLE
Æ-acute;FEN-ÞÉNUNG - ÆFTER
æ-acute;fen-þénung, e; f. An evening service or duty, evening repast, supper; c&oelig-acute;na, R. Concord 8. v. þegnung.
æ-acute;fen-þeówdóm, es; m. An evening service or office; vespertinum officium, Ælfc. Gl. 34; Som. 62, 50.
æ-acute;fen-tíd, e; f. The eventide, evening; vespertina hora :-- Seó æ-acute;fen-tíd ðæs dæges the eventide of the day, Dial. 1, 10. On æ-acute;fen-tíd at eventide, Cd. 111; Th. 146, 19; Gen. 2424.
æ-acute;fen-tíma, an; m. Evening time, eventide; vespertinum tempus :-- Ðá æ-acute;fentíma wæs, he férde to Bethaníam cum jam vespera esset hora, exiit in Bethaniam, Mk. Bos. 11, 11.
æ-acute;fen-tungel, es; m. n. The evening star; hesperus. v. tungel.
Æ-acute;FER; adv. EVER, always; unquam, semper :-- Æ-acute;fer ge fliton ongén God semper contentiose egistis contra Deum, Deut. 31, 27. v. æ-acute;fre.
æfesen, æfesn, æbesen, æbesn, e; f. Pasturage, the charge for pigs going into the wood to fatten on acorns; pasnagium, pretium propter porcos in quercetum admissos :-- Gif mon níme æfesne on swínum if [a man] any one take pasturage on swine, L. In. 49; Th. i. 132, 18.
Æf-ést, æf-æ-acute;st, æfst, es; n. [æf, of = ab, ést gratia] Without favour or good-will, hence, Envy, spite, enmity, zeal, rivalry, emulation; livor, invidia, odium, zelus, æmulatio :-- Æfst and oferhygd envy and pride, Cd. 1; Th. 3, 1; Gen. 29. Eald-feóndes æfést the old fiend's envy, Exon. 61 b; Th. 226, 5; Ph. 401. Æféstes livoris, Mone B. 2699, p. 386. Heora æfstu ealle sceamien they all shall be ashamed of their enmities, Ps. Th. 69, 4. Fore æfstum from envy, Exon. 43 a ; Th. 144, 27 ; Gú. 684. Æfæ-acute;stum onæled inflamed with envy, Exon. 84 a ; Th. 316, 3; Mód. 43. [O. Sax. ab-unst, f. invidia : O. Frs. ev-est invidia : Ger. ab-gunst, f. invidia : O. H. Ger. ap-anst, ap-unst, m. invidia, livor, zelus, rancor.]
æ-acute;-fest; adj. [æ-acute; law, fæst fast, fixed] Fast or firm in the law, religious, devout ; religiosus :-- Wæs se mon swýðe æ-acute;fest erat vir multum religiosus, Bd. 4, 24; S. 598, 20. Ongunnon æ-acute;feste leóþ wyrcean religiosa poemata facere tentabant, id; S. 596, 38. v. æ-acute;-fæst, æ-acute;w-fæst.
æf-ést-ful; adj. Full of envy; invidia plenus, invidiosus :-- He is swíðe æféstful for ðínum góde he is very full of envy at thy prosperity, Th. Apol. 14, 24, v. æf-ést.
æf-éstian, -éstigan ; p. ode ; pp. od To envy, be envious of or at; invidere :-- Ðes iunga man ne æféstigaþ on nánum þingum, ðe he hér gesihþ this young man is envious at nothing, which he here seeth, Th. Apol. 14, 25: Cot. 119. v. æf-ést.
æf-éstig, æfstig; adj. Envious, emulous, jealous; invidus, æmulus :-- Sum eald and sum æféstig ealdorman an old and an envious nobleman, Th. Apol. 14, 19. v. æf-ést.
æ-acute;-festlíce; adv. Religiously; religiose. v. fæstlíce.
æf-éstnes, -ness ; -nys, -nyss, e ; f. Envy, spite; invidia, malignitas. DER. æf-ést.
æ-acute;-festnes, -ness, e; f. Religion, devotion; religio :-- Ða ðe to æ-acute;festnesse belumpon quæ ad religionem pertinebant, Bd. 4, 24; S. 597. 1. v. æ-acute;-fæstnes.
Æffric; def. m. Æffrica; adj. African; Afer :-- Severus Cásere se wæs Æffrica cynnes Severus Cæsar genere Afer, Bd. 1, 5 ; S. 476, 5. v. Affric.
æf-íst envy; invidia, Mt. Lind. Stv. 27, 18. v. æf-ést.
æf-lást, es; m. [æf = af from, lást a course] A wandering away? aberratio, Cd. 166; Th. 207, 27; Exod. 473.
æfnan ; p. de; pp. ed To perform, execute, labour, show; patrare, facere, laborare, præstare :-- His dómas æfnaþ they fulfil his judgments, Exon. 32 b; Th. 102, 29; Cri. 1680. Gif hý woldun his bebodu æfnan if they would execute his judgments, 54 a ; Th. 152, 29; Gú. 816. Wile coriscipe æfnan he wishes to show his dignity, 87 a; Th. 327, 3; Wíd. 141. Æfdon unsofte for æfudon? 27 b; Th. 83, 16; Cri. 1357. DER. ge-æfnan. v. efnan.
æfne; interj. Behold ; ecce :-- Æfne sóþlíce sóþfæstnysse ðú lufudest ecce enim veritatem dilexisti, Ps. Spl. 50, 7. v. efne; interj.
æ-acute;fnian; p. ode; pp. od To grow towards evening; vesperascere, Dial. 1, 10.
æ-acute;fnung, e ; f. Evening; vespera :-- Heó com ðá on æ-acute;fnunge eft to Nóe iila venit ad eum [Noe] ad vesperam, Gen. 8. 11 : Homl. Th. ii. 266. 5. 6.
æ-acute;fre, æ-acute;fer; adv. Ever, always; unquam, semper :-- Nolde æ-acute;fre nolebat unquam, Cd. 72; Th. 89, 14; Gen. 1480. Ne sceal æ-acute;fre gehéran nor shall I ever hear, 216; Th. 275, 14; Sat. 171. Nú ic eóm orwéna ðæt unc seó éðyl-stæf æ-acute;fre weorþe gifede ætgædere now I am hopeless that the staff of our family will ever be given to us two together, 101; Th. 134, 12; Gen. 2223. Ðú æ-acute;fre wæ-acute;re tu semper fuisti, Exon. 9 b; Th. 8, 2; Cri. 111. Æ-acute;fre forþ sempiternum, Cd. 220; Th. 282, 35; Sat. 297. Æ-acute;fre to aldre in æternum, 38; Th. 51, 1; Gen. 820. æ-acute;fre = á, q. v.
æ-acute;-fremmende; part. Fulfilling the law, religious; legis præcepta conficiens, religiosus :-- Ic læ-acute;ran wille æ-acute;fremmende ðæt ge eówer hús gefæstnige I will teach that you, the laws fulfilling, should make firm your house, Exon. 75 a ; Th. 281, 18; Jul. 648.
æfst envy, Past. 13, 2 ; Hat. MS. 17 a, 12 : Cd. 1 ; Th. 3, 1; Gen. 29. v. æf-ést.
æ-acute;fstian; p. ode; pp. od To hasten; festinare, accelerare. v. éfstan.
æfstig; adj. Envious, emulous; æmulus :-- Æfstig wið óðra manna yflu æmulus contra aliena vitia, Past. 13, 2 ; MS. Hat. 17 a, 11. v. æf-éstig.
æft; adv. AFT, behind, as go aft = go astern, Afterwards, again; postea, iterum :-- Moises cwæþ æft to Israela folce Moses said afterwards to the people of Israel, Deut. 28, 15. Æft uferan dógum afterwards in later days, Beo. Th. 4406 note; B. 2200. Ðæt hí æft to him cómen that they would come to him again, Bt. Met. Fox 1,130; Met. 1, 65. v. eft.
æftan; adv. Behind; post, pone :-- Earn æftan hwit the eagle white behind, Chr. 937; Th. i. 206, 29; Æðelst. 63, col. 1. DER. be-æftan.
æftan-weard; adj. Coming after, following; posterior :-- Rinc biþ on ófeste, se mec onþýþ æftanweardne the man is in haste, who urges me following, Exon. 125 a ; Th. 480, 3 ; Rä. 63, 5. v. weard II; adj.
æft-beteht re-assigned, R. Ben. 4. v. eft-betæht.
æftemest, -myst, -most; adj. superlative of æfter ,- After-most, last; postremus, novissimus :-- Ðeós bóc is æftemyst on ðære biblioþécan this is the last book of the Bible, Ælfc. T. 31, 22; Grn. Ælfc. T. 16, 3. Ðonne he sylf mid ðam fyrmestan dæ-acute;le wið ðæs æftemestan flúge when he himself with the first part should flee towards the hindermost, Ors. 4, 6 ; Bos. 85, 20: Mk. Bos. 12, 22: Jn. Bos. 7. 37.
æften-tíd, e; f. [æftan after] Evening, eventide; vespertinum tempus, vesper :-- Æ-acute;r morgenes gancg wið æftentíd ealle ða déman Drihten healdeþ exitus matutini et vespere delectaberis, Ps. Th. 64. 9.
æfter; prep. [æft, q. v; er, q.v.] dat; rarely acc. 1. local and temporal dat. - AFTER; post :-- Ne far ðú æfter fremdum godum go not thou after strange gods, Deut. 6, 14. Æfter þrím monþum after three months, Gen. 38, 24. Æfter dagum after those days, Lk. Bos. 1, 24. Cumaþ æfter me venite post me, Mt. Bos. 4, 19. Æfter þrým dagum [MS. dagon] ic aríse post tres dies resurgam, Mt. Bos. 27, 63. Ðá eóde ðæt wíf æfter him then the wife went after him, Bt. 35, 6; Fox 170, 13. Hám staðeledon, án æfter ódrum they established a home, one after another, Cd. 213; Th. 266, 22 ; Sat. 26. Æfter ðám wordum werod eall arás after those words all the host rose, Cd. 158; Th. 196, 29; Exod. 299: Exon. 28 b; Th. 86, 24; Cri. 1413. Wunder æfter wundre wonder afer wonder, Beo. Th. 1866; B. 931: Cd. 8; Th. 9, 19; Gen. 144 Cd. 46; Th. 59, 15; Gen. 964: Cd. 143; Th. 178, 1; Exod. 5 : Cd. 148; Th.184,18; Exod. 109: Cd. 227; Th. 304, 14; Sat. 630: Exon. 16 a; Th. 36, 8; Cri. 573: Exon. 18 a; Th. 44. 31; Cri, 711: Exon. 117 a; Th. 449, 32; Dóm. 80: Exon. 117 a; Th. 450, 3; Dóm. 82: Exon. 124 a; Th. 476, 20; Ruin. 10: Beo. Th. 170; B. 85: Beo. Th. 238; B. 119: Apstls. Kmbl. 163; Ap.82: Andr. Kmbl. 175; An. 88: Andr. Kmbl. 265; An. 133: Exon. 39 b ; Th. 130, 22 ; Gú. 442: Exon. 40 b ; Th. 134, 5; Gú. 503: Elen. Kmbl. 859; El. 430: Elen. Kmbl. 977; El 490: Exon. 118 a ; Th. 454, 10 ; Hy. 4, 30. 2. extension over space or time, - Along, through, during; κατ&alpha-tonos;, per :-- Sæ-acute;ton æfter beorgum they sat along the hills, Cd.154; Th. 191, 9; Exod. 212. His wundra geweorc, wíde and síde, bréme æfter burgum his works of wonder, far and wide, famed through towns, Exon.45 b; Th. 155, 4; Gú. 855. Ðeáh ic fela for him æfter woruldstundum wundra gefremede though I performed many miracles for them during my time in this world, Elen. Kmbl. 725 ; El. 363: Exon. 55 b; Th. 196, 18 ; Az. 176: Judth. 10 ; Thw. 21, 17; Jud. 18: Salm. Kmbl. 233; Sal. 116: Exon. 108 a; Th. 412, 25 ; Rä . 31, 5. 3. mode or manner, - According to, by means of; secundum, propter :-- Æfter dóme ðínum gelíffæsta me secundum judicium tuum vivifica me, Ps. Lamb. 118, 149. He hæfþ mon geworhtne æfter his onlícnesse he has created man after [secundum] his own image, Cd. 21; Th. 25, 19; Gen. 396. Ðæt sweord ongan æfter heaðoswáte wanian the sword began to fade away by the warsweat [in consequence of the hot blood], Beo. Th. 3216; B. 16006: Exon. 19 b; Th. 50, 20; Cri. 803: Andr. Kmbl. 156; An. 78: Exon. 45 b; Th. 154, 27; Gú. 849: Bt. Met. Fox 20, 93; Met. 20, 47: Exon. 110 a ; Th. 421, 8 ; Rä. 40, 15: Beo. Th. 5499 ; B. 2753: Cd. 28; Th. 37, 19; Gen. 592. 4. object, - After, about; propter, ob, de :-- Hæleþ frægn æfter æðelum a chief asked after the heroes, Beo. Th. 670; B. 332. Him æfter deórum men dyrne langaþ he longs secretly after the dear man, Beo. Th. 3762; B. 1879. Gróf æfter golde he dug after gold, Bt. Met. Fox 8, 113; Met. 8. 57: Elen. Kmbl. 1346; El. 675: Beo. Th. 2648; B. 1322; Beo. Th. 2688; B. 1342: Cd. 15: Th. 18, 33; Gen. 282: Cd. 15; Th. 19, 14; Gen. 291: Cd. 92; Th. 117, 20; Gen. 1956: Cd. 98; Th. 130, 3; Gen. 2154: Cd. 203; Th. 251, 30; Dan. 571: Elen. Kmbl.1653; El. 828: Andr. Kmbl. 74; An. 37: Beo. Th. 4913; B.2461: Beo. Th. 4917; B. 2463: Beo. Th. 4528; B. 2268. II. acc; cum accusativo, After, above, according to; post, super, secundum :-- Æfter ðás dagas post hos dies, Lk. Lind. War. 1, 25. He eorþan æfter wæter æ-acute;rest sette qui fundavit terram super aquas, Ps. Th. 135, 6. Stefne míne gehér æfter mildheortnesse ðíne, Drihten vocem meam audi secundum misericordiam tuam, Domine, Ps. Lamb. 118, 149. [O. Sax. aftar, after : O. Frs. efter, after : O. Dut. N. Dut. achter : Ger. after, only in compnd: M. H. Ger. after : O. H Ger. aftar : Goth. aftra backward, again: Dan. efter : Swed. efter : O. Nrs. eptir, eftir, prep; aptr, aftr, adv. back, again : Sansk. apara.]
Th. 18, 33; Gen. 282: Cd. 15; Th. 19, 14; Gen. 291: Cd. 92; Th. 117, 20; Gen. 1956: Cd. 98; Th. 130, 3; Gen. 2154: Cd. 203; Th. 251, 30; Dan. 571: Elen. Kmbl. 1653; El. 828: Andr. Kmbl. 74; An. 37: Beo. Th. 4913; B. 2461: Beo. Th. 4917; B. 2463: Beo. Th. 4528; B. 2268. II. acc; cum accusativo. After, above, according to; post, super, secundum :-- Æfter ðás dagas post hos dies, Lk. Lind. War. 1, 25. He eorþan æfter wæter æ-acute;rest sette qui fundavit terram super aquas, Ps. Th. 135, 6. Stefne míne gehér æfter mildheortnesse ðíne, Drihten vocem mean audi secundum misericordiam tuam, Domine, Ps. Lamb, 118, 149. [O. Sax. aftar, after: O. Frs. efter, after: O. Dut. N. Dut. achter: Ger. after, only in compnd: M. H. Ger. after: O. H. Ger. aftar: Goth, aftra backward, again: Dan. efter: Swed, efter: O.Nrs. eptir, eftir, prep; aptr, aftr, adv. back, again: Sansk, apara.]
æfter ; adv. After, then, afterwards; post, postea, exinde :-- Æfter siððan ever afterwards, from thenceforth, Cd. 26; Th. 35, 6; Gen. 550. Æfter to aldre for ever after, Cd. 22; Th. 28, 15; Gen. 436. Ðæm eafera wæs æfter cenned a son was afterwards born to him, Beo. Th. 24; B. 12. Word æfter cwæþ then he spake these words. Beo. Th. 636; B. 315. Æ-acute;r oððe æfter sooner or later, Exon. 32b; Th. 103, 22; Cri. 1692. Ic wát æfter nú hwá mec ferede ofer flódas now afterwards I know who conveyed me over the floods, Andr. Kmbl. 1808; An. 906. Ðæ-acute;r sceal ylda cwealm æfter wyrþan then must slaughter of men take place afterwards, 364; An. 182. Swá ðas foldan fæðme bewíndeþ ðes eástrodor and æfter west quantum ortus distat ab occasu. Ps. Th. 102, 12.
æftera, æftra; adj. compar. of æfter, -- Hinder, next, second; posterior, sequens, alter, secundus :-- Ðý æfteran dæge sequenti die, Lk. Bos. 13, 33. Ðæs æfteran monþes mensis secundi, Ex. 16, l. On ðam forman dæge ðæs æftran monþes primo die mensis secundi, Num. 1, 18. Seó æftre, i.e. eá, Ethiopia land belígeþ úton the next river encompasses the country of Ethiopia, Cd. 12 ; Th. 15, 4; Gen. 228. Siððan ic ongon on ðone æfteran ánseld búgan after Ihad begun to live in this second hermitage, Exon, 50b; Th. 176, 22 ; Gú. 1214.
æfter-boren [=æftergenga, q.v.] part. Born after the father's death; posthumus, Ælfc. Gr. 47; Som. 48, 32.
æfter-cweðan; p. -cwæþ; pp. -cweden To speak after, repeat, to answer, revoke, renounce, abjure; repetere, revocare :-- Bebeád he ðæt him mon lengran cwidas beforan cwæde, and he symle gedéfelíce æftercwæþ he ordered longer sayings to be spoken before him, and he always repeated them properly, Bd. 5, 2; S. 615, 15. His bróðer griþ eall æftercwæþ his brother renounced all peace, Chr. 1094; Th. 360, 23. Æftercweðendra lof the praise of the after-speaking [post mortem laudantium], Exon. 82 b; Th. 310, 10; Saef: 72.
æfter-eala, an; m. After-ale, small beer :-- Æfter-eala sapa, Ælfc. Gl. 33; Som. 62, 22; Wrt. Voc. 28, 5.
æfter-fæce; adv. [æfter after, and the dat. of fæc a space] Afterwards, after that; postmodum. v. fæc.
æfter-folgere, es; m. A follower; successor, Ors. 3, 11; Bos. 74, 36.
æfter-folgian; p. ode ; pp. od To follow after, pursue; subsequi, persequi :-- Him æfterfolgiende wæ-acute;ron they were pursuing him, Ors. 1, 10; Bos. 32, 25.
æfter-fylging, e; f. A following after, a sequence; sectatio, suc-cessio. v. fylging.
æfter-fylian, -filian; p. de; pp. ed To follow or come after, to succeed; sequi, prosequi, subsequi :-- Ðæs sæ-acute;s smyltnys æfterfyligeþ serenitas mares prosequetur, Bd. 3,15; S. 541, 35. Ðæs æfterfiliendan tácnes sigui sequentis, Ex. 4, 8.
æfter-fyligend, -fylgend, es; m. One who follows or succeeds, a follower ; successor :-- Ac Oswald his æfterfyligend hí ge-endade swá we æ-acute;r beforan sæ-acute;don sed successor ejus Oswaldus perfecit at supra docuimus, Bd. 2, 20; S. 521, 36: Bd. 5, 23; S. 646, 2.
æfter-fylignes, -ness, e; f. A following after, a succession, succeeding; successio. v. fylignes.
æfter-gán [gán to go] To follow after; subsequi, Past. 15, 2 ?
æfter-gencnys, -nyss, e; f. [gengnys a going] Extremity; extremitas, R. Ben. Interl. 7.
æfter-genga, an; m. [genga goer] One who goes or follows after, a follower; successor, posthumus :-- Æftergenga posthumus, æfter boren, se ðe biþ geboren æfter bebyrgedum fæder one who is born after the father has been buried, Ælfc. Gr. 47; Som. 48, 32. Ðú me ne derige, ne mínum æftergengum ne noceas mihi et posteris meis, Gen. 21, 23.
æfter-gengnys, -nyss, e; f. Succession; posteritas. v. æfter-gencnys.
æfter-gild, -gyld, es; a. An after-payment, a paying again or in addition; secunda vel iterata compensatio, L. C. S. 24; Th. i. 390, 7.
æfter-hætu, e; f. [æfter after, hæ-acute;tu heat] After-heat; insequens calor :-- Mid ungemetlícum hærfest-wætan and æfterhæ-acute;te from heavy harvest-rains and after-heat. Ors. 3, 3; Bos. 55, 23.
æfter-hýrigean; p. de; pp. ed To follow another's example, to imitate, resemble; imitari :-- He wilnode æfterhýrigean he wished to imitate, Bd. 3, 18; S. 545, 44.
æfter-leán, es; n. An after-loan, reward, recompense, retribution; præ-miuin,nierces :-- þearl æfterleán hard retribution, Cd. 4; Th. 5, 24; Gen. 76.
æfter-líc; adj. After, second; secundus, Cot. 191.
æfterra second; secundus :-- Se æfterra deáþ the second death, Bt. 19; Fox 70, 18. Sende he eft æfterran síðe æ-acute;renddracan he sent messengers again a second time, Bd. 2, 12; S. 513, 10. v. æftera.
æfter-ráp, es; m. An AFTER-ROPE, a crupper; postilena, Ælfc. Gl. 20; Som. 59, 54.
æfter-rídan; p. -rád, pl. -ridon; pp. -riden To ride after; equo in-sequi :-- Híg ða sóna æfterridon ídelum færelde secuti sunt eos per viam, Jos. 2, 7.
æfter-ryne, es; m. An encountering, meeting, running against one; occursus :-- Æfterryne his óþ to heáhnesse his occursws ejus usque ad summum ejus, Ps. Spl. 18, 7.
æfter-sang, es; m. The after-song; posterior cantus :-- Mid ðam æfter-sange with the after-song, L. Ælf. P. 31; Th. ii. 376, 6.
æfter-singend, es; m. An after-singer; succentor, Wrt. Voc. 28, 21.
æfter-spræc, e; f. After-speech or claim; repostulatio, L. O. 7; Th. i. 180, 23.
æfter-sprecan; p. -spræc, pl. -spræ-acute;con; pp. -sprecen [sprecan to speak] To claim; petere, repetere :-- Ágnung biþ nér ðam ðe hæfþ, ðonne ðam ðe æftersprecþ possession is always nearer to him who has, than to him who claims, L. Eth. ii. 9; Th. i. 290, 21.
æfter-spyrian, -spyrgean; p. ede; pp. ed To inquire after, examine; examinare :-- Gif ge hit willaþ æfterspyrian if ye will examine it, Bt. 16, 2 ; Fox 52, 8. v. spyrian.
æfter-weard After, AFTERWARD, following; posterior, secundus: -- Gif he me æfterweard weorþeþ if he shall be after [afterward] me, Exon. 104 b ; Th. 397, 3 ; Rä. 16, 14. v. æfte-weard, weard; adj.
æfter-weardnes, -ness, e;f. Posterity; posteritas, Cot. 149.
æfter-wearÞ beón To be away, absent, Bd. 3, 15; S. 542, note 6. v. æfweard.
æfter-yldo, -yld, e; f. I. after-age, old age; ætas provecta :-- Ne mágon ða æfteryld in ðam æ-acute;restan blæ-acute;de geberan they may not produce [show] old age in their first strength [youth], Exon. 39b; Th. 132, 3; Gú. 467. II. an after-age, after-time; posterius ævum :-- Swá næ-acute;nig æfteryldo syððan gemunan mæg so as no after-age since can remember, Bd. 1, 14; S. 482, 22.
æfte-weard; adj. [ = æfter] After, back, late, latter, full; posterior :-- Æfteweard lencten full spring. Wrt. Voc. 53, 27. Æfteweard heáfod the back of the head, 42, 43. Drihten ðé gesett ná on æfteweard the Lord will not set thee in the after-part, Deut. 28,13.
æfte-wearde; adv. [æfter, wearde, weardes] Afterward, after, behind; post, pone :-- Ðú gesihst me æftewearde thou shalt see me behind, Ex. 33, 23.
æf-þanc, es; m: æf-þanea, -þonca, -þunca, an; m. Offence, insult, grudge, displeasure, envy, zeal; simultas, offensa, odium, zelus :-- Swindan me dyde æfþanca mín tabescere me fecit zelus meus, Ps. Spl. M. 118,139. Æfþonca gefylled full of grudges, Exon. 83 b; Th. 315, 4; Mod. 26. Eald æfþoncan edniwedan they have renewed old grudges, 72 b; Th. 271, 20; Jul. 485. Æfþancum herian to vex with insults, Cd. 102; Th. 135, 3; Gen. 2237.
æftyr after, according to; secundum, Mt. Bos. 9, 29. v. æfter I. 3.
æf-weard, æf-ward; adj. Absent, distant; absens :-- Lícumlíce æfward corporaliter absens, Bd. 3,15 ; S. 542, 6.
æf-weardnes, -ness, e; f. Absence, removal, posterity; absentia :-- For ðínre æfweardnesse because of thy absence, Bt. 10; Fox 28, 28.
æf-werdelsa, an; m. Damage, detriment, loss; detrimentum, damnum, L. Alf. 27 ; Th. i. 50, 28. v. æf-werdla.
æf-werdla, æf-wyrdla, æ-wyrdla, a-wyrdla, an; m. [æf of, wyrdan to corrupt] Damage, injury, loss, the amercement for it; detrimentum, jactura, damnum :-- þolie ðone æfwerdlan [æfwyrdlan MS. H.] let him bear the damage, L. In. 40; Th. i. 126, 16: R. Ben. 2 : Cot. 104.
æ-acute;-fyllende; adj. [æ-acute; = law, fyllende part, of fyllan to fill, fulfil] Following the law, faithful; legem exsequens :-- Seó circe æ-acute;fyllendra the church of the faithful, Exon. 18 a; Th. 44, 17; Cri. 704.
æ-acute;fyn, es; m. The evening :-- On æ-acute;fyn at evening, Cd. 17; Th. 20, 22 ; Gen. 313. v. æ-acute;fen.
æ-fyrmþa; pl. f. [æ, fyrmþ, e; f. washing] Ablutions, the sweepings of a house, the refuse of things or things of no value; ablutiones, quisquiliæ :-- Æfyrmþa [MS. æfyrmþe] quisquiliæ, Ælfc. Gr. 13; Som. 16, 22.
ÆG, æig; g. asges; pl. nom. acc. ægru; g. ægra; d. ægrum, ægerum; n. An EGG; ovum :-- Gifhit [cild] æges bitt if he ask for an egg, Homl. Th. i. 250, 9. Ðæt æg [æig MS.] getácnaþ ðone hálgan hiht the egg betokens the holy hope, i. 250, 11. Gif he bit æg si petierit ovum, Lk. Bos. 11, 12. Gením hænne æges geolocan take the yolk of a hen's egg, L. M. 1, 2; Lchdm, ii. 38, 6. Sceáwa nú on ánum æge, hú ðæt hwíte ne biþ gemenged to ðam geolcan, and biþ hwæðere án æg look now on an egg, how the white is not mingled with the yolk, and yet it is one egg, Homl. Th. i. 40, 27, 28. On æge biþ gioleca on middan in on egg the yolk is in the middle, Bt. Met. Fox 20, 338 ; Met. 20, 169. Of ægerum from eggs, Exon. 59a; Th. 214, 2 ; Ph. 233. Ægru lecgan to lay eggs, Som.
12 Æ-acute;G -- Æ-acute;-HLÝP.
121. Æges hwíte white of an egg. Æmettan ægru gením take emmet's eggs, L. M. I, 87; Lchdm, ii. 156, 6. [Ger. ei, n. M. H. Ger. ei, g. eies, eiges, pl. eiger, n: O. H. Ger. ei, g. eies, eiges, pl. eigir, a: Dan. äg, n : Swed, ägg, n: O. Nrs. egg, n.]
æ-acute;g, e; f. water, water land, an island, v. æ-acute;ge, ígg.
æ-acute;g- used in composition, -- water, sea; aqua, mare. DER. æ-acute;g-flota, æ-acute;g-weard. v. íg.
æ-acute;g- Ever, always; semper: either a contraction of the prefixes á, æ-acute;, with a g added, as æ-acute;g, or derived from aa = á, áwa, æ-acute;w. It is used in compound pronouns and adverbs, as, -- æ-acute;g-hwá, æ-acute;g-hwæ-acute;r, æ-acute;g-hwilc, etc; but, in its place, we also find the prefix á as, -- á-hwæ-acute;r, á-hwilc, etc. Both æ-acute;g- and á- impart to their compounds a sense of universality.
æ-acute;gan to own, Ps. Spl. T. 78, 12: 138, 12. v. ágan.
æge fear; timor, terror, Chr. 1006, Th. 257, 41. v. ege.
æ-acute;ge the island; insulam :-- Æt eðelinga æ-acute;ge at the island of nobles; apud nobilium insulam, Sim. Dunelm. an. 888. v. Æðelinga ígg.
Ægelesbirg Aylesbury, Chr. 571; Th. 32, 29. v. Ægles burg.
Ægelesford, Egeles ford, es; m. Ailsford, Chr. 1016; Th. 279, 16, col. 2: 1016; Th. 282, 10, col. 2.
Ægeles þrep, Aylesthorpe, Chr. 455 ; Th. 21, 32. v. Ægles þrep.
æ-acute;gen; adj. Own; proprius, Bt. 14, 2; Fox 44, 23. v. ágen.
æger-felma, an; f. Film of an egg; membrana vitellum complectens: -- Gením ðonne ægerfelman then take film of egg, L. M. l, 11; Lchdm, ii. 54, 21.
ægerum from eggs. Exon. 59 a; Th. 214, 2; Ph. 233. v. æg.
æ-acute;-gewrítere, es; m. [æ-acute; law, gewritere a writer] A writer or composer of laws; legum conditor, Prov. 8.
æ-acute;g-flota, an; m. A floater on the sea, sailor, ship; nauta, navis, Andr. Kmbl. 515 ; An. 258. v. flota.
æ-acute;g-hwá; m. f: neut. æ-acute;g-hwæt; gen. æ-acute;g-hwæs [á + ge + hwá] Every one, everything; quisque, quicunque: -- Æ-acute;ghwá secge let every one say, Exon. 88 b; Th. 333, 5; Vy. 97: 125a; Th. 482, 4; Rä. 66, 2. Æ-acute;ghwæt heó gefón mæg whatever she may seize, Bt. 25; Fox 88, 14. God æ-acute;ghwæs wealt God governs everything, Bt. 35, 4; Fox 160, 14. þearfum æ-acute;ghwæs oftugon ye denied the poor everything, Exon. 30 a; Th. 92, 8; Cri. 1505. Se fugol is on hiwe æ-acute;ghwæs æ-acute;nlíc the bird is in aspect every way unique, 60a; Th. 219, 24; Ph. 312. Æ-acute;ghwæs orwígne wholly defenceless, 72 a; Th. 268, 18; Jul. 434.
æ-acute;g-hwæ-acute;r, á-hwiér; adv. [á + ge + hwæ
æ-acute;r]. I. everywhere; ubique :-- God æ-acute;ghwæ-acute;r is eall, and náhwár todæ-acute;led God is everywhere all, and nowhere divided, Homl. Th. i. 286, 27. Hí ðá farende æ-acute;ghwæ-acute;r bodedon illi profecti prædicaverunt ubique, Mk. Bos. 16, 20. Æ-acute;ghwæ-acute;r sindon hiora gelícan they are everywhere like them. Bt. Met. Fox 10, 116; Met. 10, 58. II. in every respect, in every way; omnino :-- Eofore eom áéghwæ-acute;r cénra I am in every respect bolder than a wild boar. Exon. 110b; Th. 423, 9; Rä. 41,18: Ps. Th. 102,14.
æ-acute;g-hwæt whatever; quodcunque. v. æ-acute;g-hw.
æ-acute;g-hwæðer; pron. [á + ge + hwæðer]. I. of two, either, each, both; uterque :-- Æ-acute;ghwæðer óðerne earme beþehte they embraced each other, Andr. Kmbl. 2029; An. 1017. Beámas twegen ðara æ-acute;ghwæðer efngedæ-acute;lde heahþegnunga háliges gástes two pillars, each of which shared alike the high services of the holy spirit, Cd. 146; Th. 183, 21; Exod. 94. II. of many, every one, each; unusquisque :-- Heora æ-acute;ghwæðrum to each, to every one of them, Beo. Th. 3277; B. 1636. Æ-acute;ghwæðer ge lengre fæc ðysses lífes ðé forgifan ge ðé eác ðæs écan lífes inganges wyrþne gedón et hujus vitæ longiora spatia concedere et ingressu te vitæ perennis dignum reddere, Bd. 3,13; S. 539, 2. Æ-acute;ghwæðer ge -- ge et -- et, 2, 16; S. 519, 34.
æg-hwanan, -hwanoii, -hwonon, -hwanone, -hwonene; adv. Everywhere, every way, on all sides; undique :-- Æ-acute;ghwanan mid wæterum ymbseald undique aquis circumdata. Bd. 4,19; S. 588, 28. Hí æ-acute;ghwanon to him cómon conveniebant ad eum undique, Mk. Bos. 1, 45. Æ-acute;ghwo-nan ymb-boren mid brondum on every side surrounded with brands, Exon. 74a; Th. 277, 14; Jul. 580. Æ-acute;ghwanon, Ælfc. Gr.45; Som. 46, 57. Hine æ-acute;ghwonan ælmihtig God [MS. Good] gehealdeþ Almighty God keeps him everywhere, Bt. Met. Fox 7, 89; Met. 7,45. Æ-acute;ghwonon everywhere, Bd. 4, 13; S. 582, 44. Æ-acute;ghwanone, 3, 6; S. 528, 18. Æ-acute;ghwonene, 3,15; S. 541, 42.
æ-acute;g-hwár, æ-acute;g-hwér everywhere, Ors. 4,1; Bos. 76, 38. v. æ-acute;g-hwæ-acute;r.
æ-acute;g-hwider, -hwyder; adv. On every side, every way; quaquaver-f um :-- Æ-acute;ghwider ymb swá swá Edwines ríce wæ-acute;re quaquaversum imperium regis Æduini pervenerat, Bd. 2,16; S. 519,38. Æ-acute;ghwider wolde wide toscríðan it would everywhere widely wander. Bt. Met. Fox 20, 184; Met. 20, 92.
æ-acute;g-hwilc, -hwelc, -hwylc; adj. [á + ge + hwý + líc] Every, all, whosoever, whatsoever, every one; quicunque, unusquisque, omnis :-- Æ-acute;ghwylc dæg every day, Mt. Bos. 6, 34. Æ-acute;ghwylce geáre every year, Bd. 2, 16; S. 519, 23. Hér is æ-acute;ghwylc eorl óðrum getrýwe here is every man true to the other, Beo. Th. 2460; B. 1228. Æ-acute;ghwylcum máððum gesealde he gave a present to every one. Beo. Th. 2104; B. 1050. Æ-acute;ghwylcne ellþeódigra unumquemque alienorum, Andr. Kmbl. 51; An. 26. Wreðiaþ fæste æ-acute;ghwilc óðer each supports the other firmly, Bt. Met. Fox 11, 69; Met. 11, 35. Æ-acute;ghwelce dæg on every day, Bt. Met. Fox 14, 9; Met. 14,5. Æ-acute;ghwylc wille lífes tiligan every one wishes to cultivate life, Exon. 27a; Th. 81, 4; Cri. 1318. Ðú æ-acute;ghwylces canst thou art knowing in every matter, Andr. Kmbl. 1016; An. 508.
æ-acute;g-hwonene; adv. On every side; ubique :-- Ða ýða æ-acute;ghwonene ðæt scyp fyldon the waves filled the ship on every side, Bd. 3, 15; S. 541, 42. v. æ-acute;g-hwanan.
æ-acute;g-hwyder every way. v. æ-acute;ghwider.
æ-acute;-gift, e; f. A legal gift, restitution; legalis dos, restitutio, Cart. Eadgif R.
æ-gilde, æ-gylde, a-gilde, a-gylde; adv. [æ without, gild payment] Without compensation; sine compensatione :-- Gif he gewyrce ðæt hine man afylle, lícge ægilde if he so do that any man fell him down, let him be without compensation, L. Eth. vi. 38; Th. i. 324, 24: L. E. G. 6; Th. i. 170,13: L. C. S. 49; Th. i. 404, 14: L. Eth. v. 31; Th. 1. 312, 12.
Ægiptisc Egyptian, r. Ægypte, Egiptisc.
æg-læ-acute;c, es; n. Misery, trouble, torment; miseria, tribulatio, cruciatus, Elen. Grm. 1188. v. ag-lác.
æg-læ-acute;ca, an; m. A miserable being, wretch, monster; miser, perditus, monstrum :-- Atol æglæ-acute;ca the fell wretch, Beo. Th. 1188; B. 592 : Cd. 216; Th. 274, 28; Sat. 161: Andr. Kmbl. 2717; An. 1361. v. ag-læ-acute;ca.
æ-acute;-gleáw; adj. Skilled in the law, learned, wise; legis peritus, saga-cissimus, sapientissimus: -- Ðá andswarode him sum æ-acute;gleáw respondit quidam ex legis peritis, Lk. Bos. 11, 45. Ealde æ-acute;gleáwe elders skilled in laws, Menol. Fox 37; Men, 19. Ðæt scell æ-acute;gleáwra fíndan that a more learned man must find out. Andr. Kmbl. 2965; An. 1485.
æg-léca, an; m. A wretch, miscreant, Cd. 214; Th. 269,14; Sat. 73. v. ag-læ-acute;ca.
Ægles burg, Ægeles burg, [burh]; g. burge; f; Ægles byrig, e ; f. AYLESBURY, in Buckinghamshire :-- Cúþwulf genom Ægeles burg Cuth-wulf took Aylesbury, Chr. 571; Erl. 18, 13. Genam Ægles burh id. Th. 32, 29, col. 2. Genam Ægles byrig id. Th. 33, 27, col. l. Betweóx Byrnewuda and Ægles byrig betwixt Bernwood and Aylesbury, 921; Th. 194,19.
Ægles ford, es; m. AYLESFORD on the Medway near Maidstone, Kent, Chr. 455; Ing. 15,15. v. Ægeles ford.
Ægles þrep, es; n. [þorp a village] AYLESTHORPE, a village near Aylesford, Kent, Chr. 455 ; Ing. p. 15, note h; Th. 20, 39.
Ægles wurþ, es; m. The village of EYLESWORTH, Northamptonshire, Chr. 963; Ing. 155, 9.
æg-lím, es; m. [æg an egg, lím lime, glue] EGG-LIME, the sticky part or white of an egg; ovi viscum :-- Æglíra glara, Ælfc. Gl. 81; Som. 72,119.
æ-acute;g-moran; pl. f. Eye-roots; nervi quibus oculus cum cerebro connectitur :-- Ðe beóþ on ðan æ-acute;gmoran sára which are sores in the eye-roots, Lchdm, iii. 98, 5. v. more.
æ-acute;gnes ponces of his own accord; sponte, ultro. v. ágen.
ægnian; p. ede; pp. ed? To frighten, vex; terrere, tribulare: -- Ægnian mid yrmþum to frighten with misery, Cd. 156; Th. 194, 23; Exod. 265.
ægru eggs, L. M. 1, 87; Lchdm, ii. 156, 6. v. æg.
ægsa, an; m. Fear; timor, Mt. Rush. Stv. 14, 26. v. egsa.
æ-acute;g-ðer [ = æ-acute;g-hwæðer] ; pron. Either, each, both; uterque, ambo :-- Æ-acute;gðer byþ gehealden ambo conservantur, Mt. Bos. 9, 17. Æ-acute;gder ðara eorla each of the men. Andr. Kmbl. 2103; An. 1053. Heora æ-acute;gðer either or both of them, each. Gen. 21, 31. On æ-acute;gðre hand, on æ-acute;gðere healic on either hand or half, on both sides, Ors. 1, 11; Bos. 34, 40: l, 14; Bos. 37,33. On æ-acute;gðre healfe weard towards both sides, Ælfc. Gr. Æ-acute;gðer ge -- ge, both -- and, as well -- as: -- Æ-acute;gðer ge hádes, ge éðeles þolige let him forfeit both degree and country, L. C.S. 41; Th. i. 400, 14. Æ-acute;gðer ge heonan ge ðanan both here and there. Hí hatedon æ-acute;gðer ge me ge mínne fæder they hated both me and my father, Jn. Bos. 15, 24.
æ-acute;g-weard, e; f. Sea-ward, sea-guard or guardianship; maris [litoris] custodia. -- Ic æ-acute;gwearde heóld I hold guard, Beo. Th. 488, note; B. 241. v. weard.
æg-wyrt, e; f. Egg-wort, dandelion; leontodon taraxacum, Lacn. 40; Lchdm, iii. 28, 26.
æ-gylde; adv. Without compensation, L.E.G. 6; Th. i. 170, 13. v. æ-gilde.
æ-acute;-gylt, -gilt, es; m. [æ-acute;, gylt guilt, fault] A breach or violation of the law, a trespass, fault; delictum :-- Æ-acute;giltas iúguþ-hádes mínes ne gemun ðú delicta juventutis meæ ne memineris. Ps. Spl. T. 24, 7.
æ-gype, -gipe; adj. Trifling, worthless; nugalis :-- Forðon hí dydan Drihtnes spræ-acute;ce æ-acute;ghwæs ægype quia exacerbaverunt eloquium Domini, Ps. Th. 106, 10.
Ægypte Egypt, Bd. 4, 24; S. 598, ii. v. Egypte.
æ-hiwnes, -ness, e; f. Paleness, gloom; pallor, deficientia coloris :-- Wið æblæ-acute;cnysse and æhiwnesse ðæs líchoman for paleness and discoloration of the body, Herb. 164; Lchdm, i. 294, 3.
æ-acute;-hlýp, -hlíp, es; m. [æ-acute; law, hlyp a leap] A transgression, breach of the law, an assault; legis transgressio, aggressus :-- Se ðe æ-acute;-hlíp gewyrce
whoever commits an assault, L. Ath. v. § l, 5; Th. i. 230, 10. þurh æ-acute;-hlýp by a violation of the law, L. Eth. v. 31; Th. i. 312, 11. v. æt-hlýp.
æht, e; f. Valuation, estimation, deliberation, council; æstimatio, deliberatio, consilium :-- Fira bearn æht besittaþ the sons of men sit in council, Andr. Kmbl. 820; An. 410. Biscopas and bóceras and ealdormen æht besæ-acute;ton bishops and scribes and princes sat in council, Andr; Kmbl. 1216; An. 608. v. eaht deliberation, council.
æ-acute;ht, e; f. [éntan to persecute] Persecution, hostility; persecutio, hostilitas :-- Ðá wæs æ-acute;ht boden Sweóna leódum then was persecution announced to the people of the Swedes, Beo. Th. 5907; B. 2957. [Ger. acht, f. proscriptio: M. H. Ger. áhte, æhte: O. H. Ger. ahta, f. persecutio.]
æ-acute;ht, e; f. [æ-acute;hte = áhte had; p. of ágan to own, possess] I. possessions, property, lands, goods, riches, cattle; opes, substantia, possessio, greges :-- He hæfde mycele æ-acute;hta erat habens multas possessions, Mk. Bos. 10, 22. Esau nam ealle his æ-acute;hta, and eall ðæt he æ-acute;hte Esau took all his goods, and all that he possessed, Gen. 36, 6. Grúndleás gítsung gilpes and æ-acute;hta bottomless avarice of glory and possessions, Bt. Met. Fox 7, 30; Met. 7, 15. Israéla æ-acute;hta the Israelites' possessions, Cd. 174; Th. 218, 23; Dan. 43. Genam on eallum dæ-acute;l æ-acute;htum sínum he took a part of all his possessions, 74; Th. 90, 23; Gen. 1499. Ealle his æ-acute;hta omnem substantiam ejus, Ps. Th. 108, 11. II. possession, power; possessio, potestas :-- His miht and his æ-acute;ht ofer middangeard gebledsod his might and power is blessed throughout the earth. Andr. Kmbl. 3432; An. 1720. Ágan us ðis wuldres leóht eall to æ-acute;hte let us get all this light of glory into our possession, Cd. 219; Th. 280, 11; Sat. 254. On ágene æ-acute;ht syllan in possessionem dare, Ps. Th. 104, 10, 39: 110, 4. [Scot. audit: O. H. Ger. éht, f: Goth, aíhts, f: O. Nrs. æ-acute;tt, átt family] DER. gold-, máðum-, staðol-, wan-, won-.
æhta eight, Chr. 1070; Th. 345, 32. v. eahta.
æ-acute;hte had, owned, possessed, v. áhte; p. of ágan.
æ-acute;hte land, es; n. [æ-acute;ht property] Landed property; terra possessionis :-- Forðon ðe Peohtas heora æ-acute;hte land ðætte Angle æ-acute;r hæfdon eft onféngon nam Picti tenam possessions suæ quam tenuerunt Angli receperunt, Bd. 4, 26; S. 602, 29.
æhte man, mann, es; pl. men; m. A husbandman, a farmer, ploughman; colonus :-- Laboratores sind yrþlingas and æ-acute;hte men labourers are ploughmen and husbandmen, Ælfc. T. 40, 20.
æhtere, es; m. An estimator, a valuer; æstimator, Ælfc. Gl. 114; Som. 80, 25.
æhte swán, es; m. [æ-acute;ht property, swán swain or herdsman: O. H. Ger. sweinn a herdsman] A cowherd, swineherd, who belongs to the property of his lord; bubulcus, porcarius qui in peculio domini est, L. R. S. 7; Th. i. 436, 22.
æ-acute;ht-gesteald, es; n. Possession; possessio :-- He ða brýdlufan sceal to oðerre æ-acute;htgestealdum idese sécan he must seek conjugal love in the possession of another woman, Exon. 67 b; Th. 249, 22 ; Jul. 115.
æ-acute;ht-gestreón, es; n. Possessions, riches; possessio, divitiæ :-- Ðonne líg eal þigeþ eorþan æ-acute;htgestreón when the flame devours all the possessions of the earth, Exon. 63 a; Th. 232,13; Ph. 506.
æ-acute;ht-geweald, es; m. n. Possession, power, the power of the possessor; potestas possessoria :-- Cwæþ he his sylfes sunu syllan wolde on æ-acute;htgeweald he said that he would give his own son into their power, Andr. Kmbl. 2221; An. 1112. Ðú usic bewræ-acute;ce in æ-acute;htgewealda tu nos tradidisti in potestatem, Exon. 53 a; Th. 186, 28; Az. 26.
æ-acute;htian [æ-acute;ht persecution] to persecute; persequi. v. éhtan.
æ-acute;ht-spédig; adj. Wealthy, rich; locuples, opulentus :-- Se is betra ðonne ðú, æ-acute;htspédigra feoh-gestreóna he is better than thou, richer in money-treasures Exon. 67a; Th. 248, 26; Jul. 101.
æhtung, e; f. Estimation, valuing; æstimatio, Ælfc. Gl. 114; Som. 80, 26. v. eahtung.
æ-acute;ht-wela, an; m. Wealth, riches; opes, divitiæ :-- Gelufian eorþan æ-acute;htwelan to love earth's riches, Exon. 38a; Th. 125, 24; Gú. 359: Apstls. Kmbl. 167; Ap. 84.
æ-acute;ht-welig; adj. Rich, wealthy; locuples :-- Sum wæs æ-acute;htwelig geréfa there was a wealthy count, Exon. 66a; Th. 243, 29; Jul. 18.
æ-acute;-hwæ-acute;r; adv. Everywhere; ubique. Ps. Th. 88, 31. v. á-hwæ-acute;r.
æ-hwyrfan To turn from, avert; avertere, Ps. Spl. T. 53, 5. v. a-hwerfan, hwyrfan, hweorfan.
æig, es; n. An egg; ovum :-- Ðæt æig getácnaþ hiht: æ-acute;rest hit biþ æig, and seó módor siððan mid hihte bret ðæt æig to bridde the egg betokens hope: first it is an egg, and the mother then with hope cherishes the egg to a young bird, Homl. Th. i. 250, 22-24. v. æg.
æl-; prefix. I. = eal all; totus, omnis, as æl-beorht, æl-ceald, etc. II. æl- = el-, ee-, foreign; peregrinus, as æl-fylce, æl-wihta, etc.
æl, e;f. An awl; subula :-- Hwanon sceó-wyrhtan æl unde sutori subula, Coll. Monast. Th. 30, 33: L. Alf. 11; Th. i. 46, 10. Æl subula, Ælfc. Gl. 1; Som. 55, 27; Wrt. Voc. 16, 2. v. al.
æl, es; m. Oil; oleum :-- Ða sceolon beón æle bracene they must be beaten up with oil, Lev. 6, 21. v. ele.
Æ-acute;L, es; m. An EEL; anguilla :-- Hwilce fixas gefehst ðú? æ-acute;las and hacodas what fishes catchest thou ? eels and haddocks. Coll. Monast. Th. 23, 33. Ac seó þeód ðone cræft ne cúðo ðæs fiscnóðes nymþe to æ-acute;lum ánum sed piscandi peritia genti nutta nisi ad anguillas tantum inerati. Bd. 4, 13; S. 582, 43. Smæl æ-acute;l a small eel, Cot. 161. [Plat. Dut. Ger. aal, m: M.H. Ger. O.H. Ger. ál, m: Swed, äl, m: Dan. aal, m: O. Nrs. áll, m.] DER. æ-acute;l-net, æ-acute;le-puta.
æ-acute;-lá O! -- Ælá Drihten O Lord, Hy. 1, 1. v. eála, æála.
æ-acute;-læ-acute;dend, es; m. [æ-acute; lex, læ-acute;dend lator, from læ-acute;dan ferre, to move or propose a law] A lawgiver; legislator, Ps. Spl. 9, 21.
æ-acute;-læ-acute;rende; part. Teaching the law; legem docens :-- Siððan him næ-acute;nig wæs æ-acute;læ-acute;rendra óðer betera since there was none other of those teaching the law better than he. Elen. Kmbl. 1009; El. 506.
æ-læ-acute;ten divorced, L. C.E. 7; Th. i. 364,23, = a-læ-acute;ten; pp. of a-læ-acute;tan.
ælan; p. de; pp. ed; v. a. To kindle, set on fire, burn, bake; accendere, urere, comburere, coquere :-- Ne ælaþ hyra leóhtfæt neque accendunt lucernam, Mt. Bos. 5, 15. Úton wircean us tigelan and ælan híg on fýre faciamus lateres et coquamus eos igni, Gen. 11, 3. Fýr æleþ uncyste the fire burns the vices, Exon. 63 b; Th. 233, 17; Ph. 526. Flæ-acute;sc and bán ádlég æleþ the fire of the pile burns flesh and bones, Exon. 59 a; Th. 213, 9; Ph. 222. Brond biþ ontyhte, æleþ ealdgestreón let the brand be kindled, consume the old treasure, 19 b; Th. 51, 8. DER. in-ælan, on-.
æl-beorht All-bright, all-shining :-- Engel ælbeorht an all-bright angel, Cd. 190; Th. 237, 13; Dan. 337: Exon. 15a; Th. 32, 1; Cri. 506: 21 b; Th. 58, 2; Cri. 929: 53 b; Th. 188, 27; Az. 52. Hwílum cerreþ eft on up ródor ælbeorhta lég the all-bright flame returns sometimes again up to the sky, Bt. Met. Fox 29,104; Met. 29, 51. v. eall-beorht.
æ-acute;lc; adj. [á + ge + líc] Each, any, every, all; quisque, quivis, unusquisque, omnis :-- Æ-acute;lc gód treów byrþ góde wæstmas omnis arbor bona fructus bonos facit, Mt. Bos. 7, 17. Æ-acute;lc wæs on twegra sestra gemete capientes singulæ metretas binas, Jn. Bos. 2, 6. Æ-acute;lc hine selfa begrindeþ gástes dugeðum each deprives himself of his soul's happiness, Cd. 75; Th. 91, 32 ; Gen. 1521. Æ-acute;le flæ-acute;sc omnis caro, Ps. Th. 64, 2. Æ-acute;lces monnes of every man, Bt. Met. Fox 26, 236; Met. 26, 118. Æ-acute;lcum cuique, Andr. Kmbl. 3067; An. 1536. On æ-acute;lcere tíde omni tempore, Lk. Bos. 2l, 36. In æ-acute;lce tíd in æternum, Exon. 13b; Th. 25, 26; Cri. 406. Æ-acute;lce dæg each day, Bt. Met. Fox 27,15; Met. 27, 8. [Plat. Dut. elk each, every one.]
æl-ceald; adj. [æl=eal] All cold, most cold; usquequaque frigidus :-- Meahtest weorþan æt ðæm ælcealdan steorran ðone Saturnus hátaþ you might be at that all-cold star which they call Saturn, Bt. Met. Fox 24, 37; Met. 24,19.
ælcor; adv. Elsewhere, besides, otherwise; alias, præter, nisi, aliter :-- Forðon ðam bisceope ne wæs alýfed ælcor bútan on myran rídan non enim licuerat pontificem sacrorum præter in equa equitare, Bd. 2, 13; S. 517, 7. Ælcor alias, Ælfc. Gr. 38; Som. 41, 67. v. elcor.
ælcra; adv. Otherwise; aliter, R. Ben. 62. v. ælcor.
æl-cræftig; adj. All-powerful, all-mighty; omnipotens :-- Nán þing nis ðín gelíca, ne húru æ-acute;nig ælcræftigre nothing is like unto thee, nor is any one more all-powerful, Bt. Met. Fox 20, 76; Met. 20, 38.
æld fire, Exon. 22 a; Th. 59, 30; Cri. 960. v. æled.
æld age. Exon. 45 a; Th. 152. 11; Gú. 807. v. ældu.
ældan To delay, forbear, postpone, conceal :-- Ældyst, Ps. Spl. C. 88,37. Ælde, Ps. Surt. 77, 21: Mt. Rush. Stv. 25, 5: Bd. 1, 27; S. 491, 31; MS.B. v. yldan.
ælde men :-- Ælda bearnum for the sons of men, Exon. 21 b; Th. 58, 18; Cri. 937. Ænig ælda cynnes any one of the race of men, 19a; Th. 49, 4; Cri. 780: 44b; Th. 151, 16; Gú. 796. Mid ældum with men, 13b; Th. 25, 25 ; Cri. 406. v. ylde.
ælding delay, Mt. Rush. Stv. 24, 48. v. ylding.
ældo, aldu the elders; seniores, Mt. Lind. Stv. 21, 23. v. ældu.
ældran; pl. Parents; parentes :-- Míne ældran, Ps. C. 65 ; Ps. Grn. ii. 278, 65. v. yldra.
ældru, ældro, aldro parents, Mk. Rush. War. 13, 12: Lk. Rush. War. 2, 27, 41, 43. v. ældran.
ældu, æld, e; f. I. age, old age; sæculum, senectus :-- In ðá æ-acute;restan ældu in his first age, Exon. 34a; Th. 108, 30; Gú. 80. On ælde in senectute, Ps. C. 142: Ps. Surt. 91, 15 : 70, 18. II. an age, century; ævum, centuria :-- þurh ælda tíd per sæcula sæculorum, Exon. 45 a; Th. 152, 11; Gú. 807. Wið ælda against the age, 81 a; Th. 305, 16; Fä. 89. v. yldu.
ælecung, e; f. An allurement, a blandishment; blandimentum, C.R. Ben. 2.
æled, g. ældes; m. [pp. of ælan] Fire, conflagration; ignis, incendium :-- Æled wæs micel the fire was great, Cd. 186; Th. 231, 6; Dan. 243. Hát biþ monegum egeslíc æled the dreadful fire shall be hot to many, Exon. 63 a; Th. 233, 9; Ph. 522. Æled weccan to light afire, Cd. 140; Th. 175, 26; Gen. 2901. Ældes fulle full of fire. Exon. 22a; Th. 59, 30; Cri. 960. [O. Sax. eld, m. ignis: O. Nrs. eldr, m. ignis.]
æled-fýr, es; n. Flame of fire; incendii fiamrna, Exon. 61a; Th. 223, 27; Ph. 366.
14 ÆLED-LEOMA -- ÆLF.RÍC.
æled-leóma, an; m, A gleaming fire, fire-brand; ignis micans. Beo. Th. 6241; B. 3125.
ælednys, -nyss, e; f. A burning; incendium. v. æled afire.
æ-leng; adj. Long, protracted, lengthy, troublesome; longus, molestus :-- Me þincþ ðæt ðé þincen tó æ-acute;lenge ðás langan spell methinks that these long discourses appear to thee too lengthy. Bt. 39,4; Fox 218, 6.
æ-acute;le-puta, an; m. An EEL-POUT; capito :-- Hwilce fixas geféhst ðú? mynas and æ-acute;leputan what fishes catchest thou? minnows and eel-pouts, Coll. Monast. Th. 23, 33. [Plat. aalput or putte: Dut. aalpuit or puit aal, m. a young eel, eel-pout] v. myne.
æ-léten, æ-læ-acute;ten, a-læ-acute;ten; part, [from a-læ-acute;tan to let go] One let go, divorced; repudiata uxor :-- Ne on ælæ-acute;ten æ-acute;nig cristen mann æ-acute;fre ne gewífige nor with one divorced let any Christian man ever marry, L.C.E. 7 ; Th. i. 364, 23.
ÆELF, es; m. An ELF ; genius, incubus :-- Wið ælfe gníd myrran on win against an elf rub myrrh in wine, L. M. 2, 65; Lchdm, ii. 296, 9. Ylfe, pl. nom. m. Beo. Th. 224; B.I 12. v. ylfe. [Plat. elf: O. Dut. alf: Ger. elf, m; elbe, f; alp, m. nightmare, Grm. Wörterbch. iii. 400; i. 200, 245; Grm. Mythol. 249: M. H. Ger. alp, alf, m. pl; elbe, f: O. H. Ger. alp, m: Dan. elv: Swed, elf: O. Nrs. álfr, m.] DER. ælf-ádl, -cyn, -nóþ, -réd=-ræ-acute;d, -sciéne, -scínu, -scýne, -siden, -sogoða, -þone: ylfe: ælfen, elfen, dún-, feld-, múnt-, sæ-acute;-, wudu-, wylde-.
ælf-ádl, e; f. Elf-disease; ephialtæ morbus :-- Wið ælfádle against elf-disease, L. M. 3, 62; Lchdm, ii. 344, 20.
æl-fæle All-fell, very baleful; omnino perniciosus :-- Áttor ælfæle very baleful poison, Andr. Kmbl. 1539; An. 771. v. eal-felo.
ælf-cynn, es; n. The elf-kind, the race of elves, elfin race; ephialtum genus, Som. Lye :-- Wyrc sealfe wið ælfcynne work a salve against the elfin race, L. M. 3, 61; Lchdm, ii. 344, 7.
-ælfen, -elfen, e; f. A fairy, nymph; nympha. It is found only in compound words, as Múnt-ælfen a mountain nymph; oreas=??????, ???? :-- Wudu-elfen a wood nymph; dryas, etc, Wrt. Voc. 60, 14-19. v. -en.
æl-fer, es; n. [=-fær, u.] The whole army; totus exercitus :-- Ymbwí-cigean mid æl-fere Æthanes byrig to surround with the whole army the town of Etham, Cd. 146; Th. 181, 24; Exod. 66.
Ælf-nóÞ, es; m. [ælf, nóþ boldness, courage] Ælfnoth, elf courage; nomen viri præclari in audacia, Byrht. Th. 137, 8; By. 183.
Ælfred, Alfriþ, Aldfriþ, Ealdfriþ, es; m. [æl all; aid, eald old: fred = friþ peace; v. Ælfréd] Alfred the wise, king of Northumbria for twenty years, A.D. 685-705. He was educated in Ireland for the Church, and was the first literary king of the Anglo-Saxons; Lat. Ælfrédus, Alfrid, Alfrídus, Bd. 4, 26; S. 175, 4: Aldfrídus, Bd. 5, 2; S. 183, 6: Aldfrithus, Chr. 685; Gib. 45, 24 :-- Féng Ælfred [MS. Ealdfriþ] æfter Ecgfriþe to ríce, se mon wæs se gelæ-acute;redesta on gewrítum, se wæs sæd ðæt his bróðor wæ-acute;re Oswies sunu ðæs cyninges Ecgfrith was succeeded in the kingdom by Alfred, who was said to be his brother, and a son of king Oswy, and was a man most learned in scripture; successit Ecgfrido in regnum Alfrid, vir in scripturis doctissimus, qui frater ejus et filius Osuiu regis esse dicebatur, Bd. 4, 26; S. 603, 6-8. A. D. 685, Hér man ofslóh Ecgferþ, and Ælfred [MS. Aldfriþ Aldfrithus] his bróðor féng æfter him to ríce here, A.D. 685, they slew Ecgferth, and Alfred his brother succeeded [took] to the kingdom after him, Chr. 685; Erl. 41, 29. On Ælfredes [MS. Aldfriþes Aldfrithi] tídum ðæs cyninges in temporibus Aldfridi regis, Bd. 5, 1; S. 614, 20. Hér Ælfred [MS. Aldfriþ] Norþanhymbra cining forþférde here, A.D. 705, Alfred, king of the Northumbrians, died, Chr. 705; Erl. 43, 32.
Ælfréd, es; m. [ælf an elf; réd = ræ-acute;d counsel, wise in counsel: v. Ælfred] Alfred; Alfrédus. I. Alfred the Great, born A.D. 849, grandson of Egbert, and fourth son of king Ethelwulf, reigned thirty years, A.D. 871-901: -- Ða, A.D. 871, féng Ælfréd, Æðelwulfing, to West Seaxna ríce ... And ðes geáres wurdon ix folcgefeoht gefohten wið ðone here on ðam cineríce be súþan Temese; bútan ðam ðe hí Ælfréd, ... and ealdormen, and ciningas þægnas, oft ráda on riden, ðe man náne rímde then, A.D. 871, Alfred, son of Ethelwulf, succeeded to the kingdom of the West Saxons...And this year nine great battles were fought against the army in the kingdom south of the Thames; besides which, Alfred... and aldormen, and king's thanes, often rode raids on them, which were not reckoned, Chr. 871; Erl. 77, 3-10. A. D. 897, Ðá hét Ælfréd cyning timbrian lange scipu ongeán ðas æscas [MS. æsceas] ða wæ-acute;ron fulneáh twá swá lange swá ða óðre; . . . ða wæ-acute;ron æ-acute;gðer ge swiftran ge untealran, ge eác heárran [MS. heárra] ðonne ða óðru; næ-acute;ron hí ráwðær ne on Frysisc gesceapen ne on Denisc; bútan swá him sylfum þúhte ðæt hí nytwyrðe beón meahton then, A.D. 897, king Alfred commanded long ships to be built against the Danish ships [æscas] which were full nigh twice as long as the others; . .. they were both swifter and steadier, and also higher than the others; they were shapen neither as the Frisian nor as the Danish, but as it seemed to himself that they might be most useful, 897; Th. 175, 37, col. 2 -- 177,5, col. 2. Ðæs ilcan geares, hét se cyning [Ælfréd] faran to Wiht... Ðá geféngon hy ðara scipa twa, and ða men [MS. mæn] ofslógon... Ða ylcan sumere, forwearþ ná læs ðonne xx scipa mid mannum mid ealle be ðam súþ. riman in the same year [A.D. 897], the king [Alfred] commanded his men to go to Wight... They then took two of the ships, and slew the men ... In the same summer, no less than twenty ships, with men and everything [of the Danes], perished on the south coast, Chr. 897; Th. 177, 5, col. 2 -- 179, 3, col. 2. A.D. 901, Hér gefór Ælfréd cyning vii Kl Nouembris... and ðá feng Eádweard, his sunu to ríce here died king Alfred, on the twenty-sixth of October... and then Edward [the Elder], his son, suc- ceeded to the kingdom, Chr. 901; Th. 179, 14-18, col. 2. II. Though the talents and energy of Alfred were chiefly occupied in subduing the Danes, and in confirming his kingdom, he availed himself of the short intervals of peace to read and write much. He selected the books best adapted for his people, and translated them from Latin into Anglo-Saxon. In translating he often added so much of his own, that the Latin text frequently afforded only the subject, on which he wrote most interesting essays, as may be seen in his first work, Boethius de Consolatione Philosophiæ. 1. Boethius was probably finished about A.D. 888. In his preface, he thus speaks of his book and of his other occupations :-- Ælfréd, Cyning [MS. Kuning] wæs wealhstód ðisse béc, and hie of béc Lédene on Englisc wende ... swá swá he hit ða sweotolost and andgitfullícost gereccan mihte, for ðæm mistlícum and manigfealdum weoruld bísgum, ðe hine oft æ-acute;gðer ge on móde ge on líchoman bísgodan. Ða bísgu us sint swíðe earfoþ ríme, ðe on his dagum on ða rícu becómon, ðe he underfangen hæfde; and ðeáh, ðá he ðas bóc hæfde geleornode, and of Lædene to Engliscum spelle gewende, and geworhte hí eft to leóðe, swá swá heó nú gedón is king Alfred was translator of this book, and turned it from book Latin into English ...as he the most plainly and most clearly could explain it, for the various and manifold worldly occupations, which often busied him both in mind and in body. The occupations are to us very difficult to be numbered, which in his days came upon the kingdoms which he had undertaken; and yet, when he had learned this book, and turned it from Latin into the English language, he afterwards put it into verse, as it is now done, Bt. prooem; Fox viii. 1-10. 2. Alfred, having supplied his people with a work on morality in Boethius, next translates for them the Historia Anglorum of his learned countryman Bede, about A.D. 890. This was the king's work, for the Church says in Ælfric's Homilies, about A. D. 990, -- 'Historia Anglorum' ða ðe Ælfréd cyning of Lédene on Englisc awende Historia Anglorum, which king Alfred turned from Latin into English, Homl. Th. ii. 116, 30-118, l. 3. The third book which Alfred translated, about A. D. 893, was the Compendious History of the World, written in Latin by the Spanish monk Orosius in A. D. 416. There is the best evidence, that the voyages of Ohthere and Wulfstan were written by the king, for we read that, -- Ohthere sæde Alfréde cyninge, ðæt he ealra Norþmanna norþmest búde Ohthere told king Alfred that he dwelt northmost of all Northmen, Ors. 1, 1; Bos. 19, 25. Wulfstan also uses the language of personal narrative, -- Burgenda land wæs on us bæcbord we had [lit. there was to us; erat nobis] the land of the Burgundians on our left, Ors. i, i; Bos. 21, 44. This is the longest and most important specimen of Alfred's own composition. 4. We have undoubted evidence of the date of Alfred's Anglo-Saxon translation of Gregory's Pastoral Care, for the king thus speaks of archbishop Plegmund, -- Ic hie geliornode æt Plegmunde mínum ærcebiscepe I learnt it from Plegmund my archbishop, Introduction to Gregory's Pastoral, Oxford MS. Hatton 20, fol. 2. Plegmund was raised to the archbishopric in 890: Alfred was engaged with the invasion of Hastings till he was conquered in 897; Alfred, therefore, had only leisure to translate the Pastoral between the expulsion of Hastings in 897, and his own death in 901. It was certainly translated by Alfred, for he distinctly states, -- Ða ongan ic, ongemang óðrum mislícum and manigfealdum bísgum ðisses kyneríces, ða bóc wendon on Englisc, ðe is genemned on Læ-acute;den Pastoralis, and on Englisc Hierde bóc, hwílum word be worde, hwílum andgit of andgite then began I, among other different and manifold affairs of this kingdom, to turn into English the book, which is called in Latin Pastoralis, and in English Herdman's book, sometimes word for word, and sometimes meaning for meaning, Oxford MS. Hatton 20, fol. 2.
æl-fremd, æl-fremed; adj. Strange, foreign; alienus, alienigena :-- Bearn ælfremde, Ps. Spl. 17, 47: 18, 13: 107, 10: 82, 6: Lk. Bos. 17, 18.
Ælfríc, es; m. [ælf, ríc] Ælfric; Ælfricus. 1. Ælfric of Canterbury, the grammarian, was of noble birth, supposed to be the son of the earl of Kent. He was a scholar of Athelwold, at Abingdon, about 960. When Athelwold was made bishop of Winchester, he took Ælfric with him and made him a priest of his cathedral. Ælfric left Winchester about 988 for Cerne in Dorsetshire, where an abbey was established by Æthelmær. Ic Ælfríc, munuc and mæssepreóst... wearþ asend, on Æðelrédes dæge cyninges, fram Ælfeáge biscope, Aðelwoldes æftergengan, to sumum mynstre, ðe is Cernel gehaten, þurh Æðelmæres bene ðæs þegenes I Ælfric, monk and mass-priest... was sent, in king Æthelred's day, from bishop Ælfeah, Æthelwold's successor, to a minster, which is called Cerne, at the prayer of Æthelmær the thane, Homl, Th. i. 2, 1-5. He is said to have been bishop of Wilton, and he was elected archbishop of Canterbury. A. D. 995, Hér Siric arcebisceop forþférde, and Ælfríc,
ÆLF-SCIÉ-NE -- ÆL-pEÓPINE. 15
Wiltunscíre bisceop wearþ gecoren on Easterdæi on Ambresbyri, fram Æðelréde cinge, and fram eallan his witan in this year, A. D. 995, archbishop Sigeric died, and Ælfric, bishop of Wiltshire, was chosen on Easter-day at Amesbury, by king Æthelred, and all his witan, Chr. 995; Th. 243, 36, col. 2 -- 245, 3, col. 2. This Ælfric was a very wise man, to that there was no more sagacious man in England. Then went Ælfric to his archiepiscopal see, and when he came thither, he was received by those men in orders, who of all were most distasteful to him, that was, by clerks, Chr. 995; Th. ii. 106, 20-24. Ælfric speaks strongly against the transubstantiation in the Eucharist, which gave his Homilies so great an importance in the eyes of the English reformers: v. húsel. He died A. D. 1006, Hér forþférde Ælfríc arcebisceop in this year, archbishop Ælfric died. Chr. 1006; Th. 255, 35, col. 2. The preceding is the most probable biography of Ælfric, archbishop of Canterbury. Others have been written in Pref, to Homl. Th. i. pp. v-x: Lchdm, iii. pref. pp. xiv-xxix, etc. A list of his numerous books is given in Wright's Biographia Britannia Literaria, A. Sax. Period, pp. 485-494, and in Homl. Th. i. pp. vii-ix. 2. Ælfric Bata was the pupil of the preceding Ælfric, the grammarian. In the title of the MS. in St. John's College, Oxford, we read, -- 'Hanb sententiam Latini sermonis olim Ælfricus abbas composuit, qui meus fuit magister, sed tamen ego Ælfric Bata multas postea huic addidi appendices,' Wanl. Catal. p. 105, 4-7. It appears that in the time of Lanfranc, when the newest Romish doctrines relating to transubstantiation etc. were imposed upon the English Church by the Norman prelates, Ælfric Bata was regarded as an opponent of that doctrine, Wrt. Biog. Brit. A. Sax. p. 497.
ælf-sciéne, -sciéno; adj. Beautiful, like an elf or nymph, of elfin beauty; formosus ut genius vel nympha :-- Mæg ælfsciéno = ides ælfsciéno O woman of elfin beauty! Cd. 86; Th. 109, 23; Gen. 1827: Cd. 130; Th. 165, ii; Gen. 2730.
ælf-scínu; aaj. Shining like an elf or fairy, elfin-bright, of elfin beauty; splendidus ut genius vel nympha :-- Iudiþ ides ælf-scínu Judith, the woman of elfin beauty, Judth. 9; Thw. 21, 11; Jud. 14.
ælf-siden, -sidenn, e; f. The influence of elves or of evil spirits, the nightmare; impetus castalidum, diaboli incubus :-- Ðis is se hálga drænc wið ælfsidene and wið eallum feóndes costungum this is the holy drink against elfin influence and all temptations of a fiend, Lacn. 11; Lchdm, iii. 10, 23. Wið ælfsidenne, L. M. 1, 64; Lchdm, ii. 138, 23.
ælf-sogoða, an; m. [sogeða juice] A disease ascribed to fairy influence, chiefly by the influence of the castalides, dúnelfen, which were considered to possess those who were suffering under the disease, a case identical with being possessed by the devil, as will appear from the forms of prayers appointed for the cure of the disease, -- Deus omnipotens expelle a famulo tuo omnem impetum castalidum; and further on, -- Expelle diabolum a famulo tuo, L. M. 3, 62; Lchdm, ii. 348, 11. v. ælf, sogeða, sogoða.
ælf-þone, an; f? Enchanter's nightshade; circæa lutetiana :-- Wið ælfádle ním ælfþonan nioðowearde against elf disease take the lower part of enchanter's nightshade, L. M. 3, 62 ; Lchdm, ii. 344, 21.
æl-fylc, es; n. [æl, folc]. I. a foreign land; aliena provincia :-- Ðæt hie on ælfylce on Danubie stæðe wícedon till they encamped in the foreign land on the banks of the Danube, Elen. Kmbl. 72; El. 36. II. foreigners, a foreign army, an enemy; peregrinus exercitus, hostes :-- Ðæt he wið ælfylcum éðelstólas healdan cúðe that he could keep his paternal seats against foreigners, Beo. Th. 4731; B. 2371. [Icel. fylki, n.]
æl-gréne all-green, Cd. 10; Th. 13, 3; Gen. 197: Cd. 74; Th. 91, 24; Gen. 1517: Bt. Met. Fox 20, 155; Met. 20, 78. v. eal-gréne.
æl-gylden all-golden, v. eal-gylden.
æ-acute;-líc; adj. Belonging to law, lawful; legalis, legitimus, Bd. l, 27, resp. 8; S. 495, 29. Tyn æ-acute;lícan word the ten commandments, Som.
æling, e; f. Burning, burning of the mind, ardour; ardor, flagrantia animi :-- Ðý læs ælinge útadrífe selflícne secg lest burning desires should excite the self-complacent man. Bt. Met. Fox Introd. 11; Met. Einl. 6.
æling weariness; tædium, Bt. pref. Cot; Rawl. viii. notes, line 10.
æll-beorht all-bright, Exon. 26 b; Th. 78, 20; Cri. 1277. v. eall-beorht.
æll-mihtig all-mighty, Cd. 17; Th. 20, 19; Gen. 311. v. eall-meahtig.
æll-reord foreign speaking, barbarous, Bd. 1, 13; S. 481, 44. v. el-reord.
æll-þeódignes, -nys, -ness, e; f. A going or living abroad, a pilgrimage, Bd. 1, 23; S. 485, 38. v. æl-þeódignes.
ællyfta the eleventh; undecimus. Bd. 1, 34; S. 499, 35. v. endlefta.
æl-mæ-acute;st adv. Almost; fere, Chr. 1091; Th. 359,12. v. ealmæ-acute;st.
Æl-meahtig Almighty :-- Habbaþ we Fæder æl-meahtigne we have the Almighty Father, Exon. 19 a; Th. 47, 22; Cri. 759: Ps. C. 50, 85; Ps. Grn. ii. 278, 85 : 50, 97; Ps. Grn. ii. 279, 97. v. eall-mihtig.
Æl-mehtig Almighty, Hy. 8,14. v. eall-mihtig.
ælmes-feoh, g. -feós; a. Alms, alms' money; pecunia eleemosynæ, L.R.S. 2; Th. i. 432,13.
ælmes-georn; adj. Diligent in giving alms, benevolent; beneficus, liberalis :-- Sum biþ ár-fæst and ælmesgeorn one is honest and diligent in giving alms, Exon. 79a; Th. 297, 13; Crä. 67. Sum man Tobias geháten, swíðe ælmesgeorn a man, whose name was Tobias, very diligent in giving alms, Ælfc. T. 21, 24.
ælmes-lond land given in frankalmoigne. v. almes-lond.
ÆLMESSE, ælmysse an ALMS, almsgiving; eleemosyna :-- Ðæt ofer sí and to láfe sellaþ ælmessan quod superest date eleemosynam, Bd. 1, 27; S. 489, 30. Hwæt is us to sprecanne hú hí heora ælmessan dæ-acute;le de faciendis portionibus et adimplenda misericordia nobis quid erit loquendum, 1, 27; S. 489, 25. Ðæt dín ælmesse sý on díglum ut sit eleemosyna tua in abscondito, Mt. Bos. 6, 4. Sóþlíce ælmessan dó sic facias eleemosynam, 6, 3. Ðonne he ælmessan dæ-acute;leþ when he deals alms, Exon. 62 a; Th. 229, 10; Ph. 453. Syle ælmyssan give alms, Cd. 203; Th. 252, 31; Dan. 587. Ælmessan dæ-acute;lan or syllan or dón to give or distribute alms; eleemosynam dare, facere. Mt. Bos. 6, 2, 3. [Scot, almous: O.Sax. alamósna, f: O. Frs. ielmisse: Ger. almosen, n: M. H. Ger. almuosen, n : O. H. Ger. alamuosan, n: Dan. almisse: Swed, almosa; O. Nrs. almusa, ölmusa, f: from the Grk. GREEK.]
Ælm-hám, es; m. Elmham, Norfolk, Kmbl. Cod. Dipl. 759; 59, 17.
Æl-miht; adj. Almighty; omnipotens :-- Wiston Drihten ælmihtne they knew the Almighty Lord, Cd. 182 ; Th. 228, 1, note a: Dan. 195.
Æl-mihteg Almighty; omnipotens :-- Ic hæbbe me geleáfan to ðam ælmihtegan Gode I have confidence in the Almighty God, Cd. 26; Th. 34, 27; Gen. 544.
Æl-mihtig, -mihti Almighty :-- Se Ælmihtiga the Almighty, Beo. Th. 184; B. 92: Andr. Kmbl. 497; An. 249: Elen. Grm. 1146: Exon. 9 b ; Th. 8, 22; Crl. 121: Cd. 191; Th. 239, 10; Dan. 368: Hy. 10, l: Bt. Met. Fox 9, 97; Met. 9, 49: Menol. Fox 187; Men. 95 : Salm. Kmbl. 68; Sal. 34: Ps. Th. 69, 6: Bd. 3, 15; S. 541, 19: Gen. 17, 1: 35, 11: 48, 3; Ex. 6, 3: Job Thw. 167, 27. Ælmihti, Bt. Met. Fox 13, 144; Met. 13, 72 : Th. Dipl. 125, 20. Se ælmihtiga God is unasecgendlíc and unbefangenlíc, se ðe æ-acute;ghwær is eall, and náhwar todæ-acute;led the Almighty God is unspeakable and incomprehensible, who is everywhere all, and nowhere divided, Homl. Th. i. 286, 26. v. eall-mihtig.
æl-myrca, an; m. All sallow, a black man, an Ethiopian; omnino fuscus, Æthiops :-- On ælmyrcan éðel-ríce in the realm of the Ethiopian, Andr. Kmbl. 863; An. 432.
ælmysse, an; f. Alms, Cd. 203; Th. 252, 31; Dan. 587. v. ælmesse.
æ-acute;l-net, es; n. An eel net; rete anguillare :-- Gesomnedon ða æ-acute;lnet æ-acute;ghwonon ðe hí mihton retibus anguillaribus undique collectis, Bd. 4,13; S. 582, 44.
æ-acute;lpig adj. [=án-lípig, án-lépig, from án one, hleáp a leap] Each, single; unicus :-- Ðæt næs án æ-acute;lpig hide, ne án gyrde landes that there was not one single hide, nor one yard of land, Chr. 1085; Th. i. 353, 12. [Laym, alpi, ælpi single, only: Relq. Ant. W. on alpi word one single word, ii. 275, 3.]
ælr an alder-tree; alnus. v. air, alor.
æl-reord, æl-reordig of foreign speech, barbarous; exterus, barbarus, v. el-reord, el-reordig.
æl-tæw, -teaw, -teow; comp. re; sup. est; adj. All good, excellent, entire, sound, healthful, perfect, honest; omnino bonus, sanus :-- Fíndest ðu æltæwe hæ-acute;lo thou shall find perfect healing. Herb. 1, 29; Lchdm, i. 80, 7; MS. B. Næfþ nó æltæwne ende has no good end, Bt. 5, 2; Fox 10, 29. Full æltæwe geboren born quite [full] sound or healthy, 38, 5; Fox 206, 22. Oððe æ-acute;nig þing æ-acute;r wæ-acute;re oðíe æltæwre if anything were before or more excellent, Bt. 34, 2; Fox 136, 8. Ealle ða æltæwestan of-slógen they slew all the best men, Ors. 4, 4; Bos. 81, 16. v. eal-teaw.
æl-tæwlíce; adv. Well, perfectly; bene. v. æl-tæw, -líce.
æl-teaw, -teow All good, sound,perfect; omnino bonus, sanus :-- Fíndest ðú ælteowe [æltæwe MS. B.] hæ-acute;lo thou shall find perfect healing, Herb. 1, 29 ; Lchdm, i. 80, 7: Hy. 2, 13. v. æl-tæw.
æl-Þeód, -þiód, e; f. A foreign nation, foreign people, foreigners :-- Donne ða rícan beóþ oððe on ælþeóde oððe on hiora ágenre gecýððe when the rich are among foreigners or in their own country, Bt. 27, 3 ; Fox 98, 34. v. el-þeód.
æl-þeódelíce; adv. Among foreigners, abroad; peregre :-- Swá se man ðe ælþeódelíce férde sicut homo qui peregre profectus, Mk. Jun. 13, 34.
æl-þeódig, æl-þiódig; adj. Strange, foreign; exterus, peregrinus, barbarus :-- On ælþeódige folc to a foreign people, Bt. 27, 3; Fox 98, 22. Ælþeódigra manna gisthús foreign men's guest house, an inn, Wrt. Voc. 58, 51. Ælþeódige men acwealdon advenam interfecerunt, Ps. Th. 93, 6. Ne geunret ðú ælþeódige, ge wæ-acute;ron ælþeódie on Egipta lande advenam non contristabis, advenæ enim et ipsi in terra Ægypti, Ex, 22, 21. Ðám ælþeódegan to the foreigners, Bt. 27, 3 ; Fox 100, 2. v. el-þeódig.
æl-þeódiglíce; adv. In foreign parts, among foreigners; peregre, Ælfc. Gr. 38 ; Som. 41, 26-28.
æl-þeódignes, -ness, -nyss, e; f. A being or living abroad, a pilgrimage :-- On stówe ælþeódignysse mínra in loco peregrinationis meæ, Ps. Spl. 118, 54: Gen. 12,10: Bd. 4, 23; S. 593, 11.
æl-Þeódine foreign, a proselyte, Mt. Bos. 23, 15 ; for æl-þeódigne, acc. s. of æl-þeódig.
16 ÆL-þEÓDUNG -- ÆPPEL-BEARO.
æl-þeódung, e; f. A being or living abroad; peregrinatio, Bd. 4, 23; S. 593, 15.
æl-Þiódig foreign, Bt. 39, 2; Fox 212, 17. v. æl-þeódig.
æl-walda the all-powerful. Cd. Jun. 6, 10. v. eal-wealda.
æl-wihta; pl. I. strange creatures, monsters; alieni generis entia, monstra :-- Ðæt ðæ-acute;r gumena sum ælwihta eard ufan cunnode that a man from above explored there the dwelling of strange creatures, Beo. Th. 3004; B. 1500. II. all created things; omnia creata :-- Helm ælwihta, engla scippend the protector of all created things, the creator of angels, Andr. Kmbl. 236; An. 118. v. eall-wihta.
æ-melle; adj. Unsavoury, without taste; insipidus, Cot. 116.
æmelnys, æmylnys, -nyss, e; f. Loathsomeness, weariness, disdain, false-hood, unfaithfulness, false dealing, treason; fastidium, tædium :-- Hneppade sáwle mín for þrece oððe for æmelnysse dormitavit anima mea præ tædio, Ps. Lamb. 118, 28.
æ-men; adj. [æ without, man man] Unmanned, depopulated, desolate; hominibus nudus, non habitatus :-- Stód seó dýgle stów ídel and æmen the secret spot stood void and desolate, Exon. 35 a; Th. 115, 9; Gú. 187.
æmete, æmette, æmytte, an; f. An EMMET, ant; formica :-- Æmete formica. Wrt. Voc. 23, 78. Æmettan ægru gením take emmet's eggs, L. M. 1, 87; Lchdm, ii. 156, 6. Æmytte formica, Somn. 108. Níme æmettan take emmets, L. M. 3, 34; Lchdm, ii. 328, 7. [æ = a from, off, away; mete meat, food: Grm. (Gr. ii. 88) thinks it is connected with O. H. Ger. emizíc assiduus; ameiza formica: O. Nrs. ami labour: A.Sax. æmettig otiosus; æmtegian vacare.]
æmet-hwíl, e; f. [æmetta leisure, hwil while, time] Leisure, spare-time, respite; otium, Ælfc. Gr. 8; Som. 8, 1.
æmet-hyll, æmett-hyll, es; m. An EMMET-HILL, ant-hill; formicetum, Past. 28, 3; Hat. MS. 37 a, 3.
eemetig; adj. Vacant, empty, barren; vacuus :-- Hit æmetig læg it lay barren, Ors. 1, 10; Bos. 34, 16. v. æmtig.
æmetta rest, Bt. procem; Fox viii. 13. v. æmta.
æmettig idle, Solil. 13. v. æmtig.
æmnitta, an; m. A balance; statera. v. emnettan, emnian to make equal.
æ-mód; adj. [æ without, mód mind] Out of mind, mad, dismayed, discouraged; amens :-- Forðam Rómáne wæ-acute;ron swá asmóde, ðæt hý ne wéndon ðæt hí ða burh bewérian mihton because the Romans were so out of heart, they thought that they could not guard the city, Ors. 3, 4; Bos. 56, 12.
æmta, emta, æmetta, an; m. Quiet, leisure, rest; quies :-- Ic ne æmtan nabbe I have no leisure, Bt. 39, 4; Fox 218, 9. Be his æmettan by his leisure, Bt. procem; Fox viii. 13.
æmtegian to be at leisure, Past. 18, 4; Hat. MS. 26 b, 16. v. æmtian.
æmtian, æmtegian, æmtigean; p. ode; pp. od To be at leisure, to be vacant; otiosum esse :-- Æmtigaþ and geseóþ forðan ðe ic eom God vacate et videte quoniam ego sum Deus, Ps. Spl. C. 45, 10: Ælfc. Gr. 33; Som. 37, 14.
æmtig, æmteg, emtig, æmetig, emetig, æmettig; adj. Vacant, EMPTY, free, idle; vacuus, inanis :-- Seó eorþe wæs æmtig terra erat vacua, Gen. 1, 2. Gefylde sáwle æmtige satiavit animam inanem, Ps. Spl. 106, 9: Mt. Bos. 12, 44: Bd. 4, 3; S. 567, 5. Híg synd emtige they are idle, Ex. 5, 8. Æmtege wífemen unmarried women, Past. 21, 8, Lye. cf. æmete.
æmtigean to be at leisure, Ælfc. Gf. 33; Som. 37, 14. v. æmtian.
æ-múða [æ without, múða a mouth] cæcum intestinam, Wrt. Voc. 44, 64.
æmyce, æmyrce; adj. Excellent, singular; egregius, Cot. 74.
æmylnys, -nyss, e; f. Weariness; tædium, Pref. R. Conc. v. æmelnys.
æmytte an emmet; formica, Somn. 108. v. æmete.
æ-acute;n one; unus :-- Wyrc ðé nú æ-acute;nne aro now make thee an ark. Gen. 6, 14: Mt. Bos. 5, 36. v. án.
ænde and, L. Wih. 8; Th. i. 38, 16. v. and.
ændemes, ændemest likewise, equally; pariter. Bt. 41, 1; Fox 244, 12. v. endemes.
ændian; p. ode; pp. od To end; finire, Solil. 12. v. endian.
ændlefen eleven; undecim :-- He ætýwde ændlefene he appeared to the eleven, Mk. Bos. 16, 14. v. endleofan.
ændlyfta eleventh, Bd. 2, 14; S. 517, 23. v. endlyfta.
æ-acute;ne; adv. Once, alone; semel, solum :-- Nú ic æ-acute;ne begann to sprecanne to mínum Drihtne quia semel cæpi, loquar ad Dominum meam, Gen. 18, 31. Oft, nalles æ-acute;ne often, not once. Beo. Th. 6030; B. 3019. Æ-acute;ne on dæge once in the day, Bt. Met. Fox 8, 35 ; Met. 8, 18. Ic ðé æ-acute;ne abealh, éce Drihten I alone angered thee, eternal Lord, Cd. 222; Th. 290, 4; Sat. 410. v. áne once.
æ-acute;neg, æ-acute;negu any: -- Æ-acute;negu gesceaft any creature, Bt. 35, 4; Fox 160, 26: Cd. 26; Th. 34, 17; Gen. 539. v. æ-acute;nig.
æ-acute;n-ette solitude; solitudo, Dial. 2, 3. v. án-ád, án-æ-acute;d.
æ-acute;nforléten; part. Clothed? amictus? Ps. Spl. T. 103, 2; amissus? and not amictus. v. ánforlæ-acute;ten; pp. of án-forlæ-acute;tan.
ænga Single, sole; unicus :-- Fram ðam æ-acute;ngan hláforde from the sole lord, Salm. Kmbl. 766; Sal. 382. v. ánga.
ænge; def. se ænga; adj. Narrow, troubled, anxious; angustus, anxius :-- Ðes ænga stede this narrow place, Cd. 18; Th. 23, 9; Gen. 356. Is me ænge [MS. ænige] gást innan hreðres anxiatus est in me spiritus meus, Ps. Th. 142, 4. v. ange, enge.
ænge; adv. Narrowly, sadly; anguste, anxie, triste. Ps. Th. 136, 8.
ængel an angel, Ps. Spl. 8, 6: 34, 7. v. engel.
Ænglisc English; Anglicus :-- Hér synd on ðam íglande fíf geþeódu, Ænglisc, Brytwylsc, Scottysc, Pihttisc, and Bóclæ-acute;den here are in the island five languages, English, Brito-Welsh, Scottish, Pictish, and Book-Latin, Chr. Th. 3, 5, col. 1. v. Englisc.
ængum, Beo. Th. 952; B. 474, = æ-acute;nigum to any; dat. of æ-acute;nig.
æ-acute;nig, æ-acute;neg, áni; adj. [æ-acute;n = án one, -ig adj. termination; ánig, g = y, Eng. any] ANY, any one; ullus, quisquam, aliquis :-- Ðæt æ-acute;nig man æ-acute;nig fæt þurh ðæt templ bæ-acute;re that any man should bear any vessel through the temple, Mk. Bos. 11, 16. Mæg æ-acute;nig þing gódes beón of Nazareth a Nazareth potest aliquid boni esse? Jn. Bos. I, 46. Æ-acute;niges sceates of any treasure, Cd. 25; Th. 32, 15; Gen. 503. Monnes æ-acute;nges of any man. Exon. 10 b; Th. 13, 9; Cri. 200. Næs ðæ-acute;r æ-acute;nigum gewin there was no toil for any one, Andr. Kmbl. 1776; An. 890. Æ-acute;ngum ne mæg se cræft losian the skill may not desert any one, Bt. Met. Fox IO, 71; Met. 10, 36. DER. næ-acute;nig none.
æ-acute;n-íge, æ-acute;n-ígge one-eyed :-- Gif he hí gedó æ-acute;nígge if he make them one-eyed, L. Alf. 20; Wilk. 30, ll: Cot. 179. v. án-eáge.
æ-acute;niht [æ-acute;n = án one, -iht adj. termination] Anything; quicquam :-- Æ-acute;niht quicquam, Jn. Lind, War. 11, 49. In mec ne hæfeþ æ-acute;niht in me non habet quicquam, Jn. Rush. War. 14, 30. v. stániht, -ig, -ihtig.
æ-acute;ninga; adv. Of necessity, by all means. Bd. 4, 16; S. 584, 32: 5, 19; S. 640, 16: Andr. Kmbl. 439; An. 220. v. áninga.
æ-acute;n-lépnes, ness, e; f. Solitude, privacy; solitudo. v. án-lépnes.
æ-acute;n-líc; adj. [án one, líc like] ONLY, singular, incomparable, excellent, beautiful, elegant; unicus, egregius, elegans, pulcher :-- He hæfde án swíðe æ-acute;nlíc wíf he had a very excellent wife, Bt. 35, 6; Fox 166, 30. Æ-acute;nlíces hiwes of an excellent shape, Ælfc. T. 33, 15. Ðeáh hió æ-acute;nlícu sý though she be beautiful, Beo. Th. 3887; B. 1941. Eal wæs æ-acute;nlícra ðon mæge stefn areccan all was more excellent than voice can tell, Exon. 52 a; Th. 181, 17; Gú. 1294. Cynn Fabiane forðan hit ealra Rómána æ-acute;nlícost wæs because the Fabian family was the highest in rank of all the Romans, Ors. 2, 4; Bos. 43, 28. v. án-líc.
æ-acute;n-líce; adv. ONLY, singularly, elegantly; eleganter, Coll. Monast. Th. 35, 37.
æ-acute;n-lípie = æ-acute;n-lípige singulos. Ps. Lamb. 7, 12. v. æ-acute;n-lípig.
æ-acute;n-lípig, -lýpig, -lépig; adj. [án one, hlíp, hlýp] Each, every, singular, solitary, private; singuli, solus :-- þurh æ-acute;nlípige dagas per singulos dies, Ps. Spl. 41, 15. Be æ-acute;nlípigum mannum per singulos viros, Jos. Grn. 7, 14: C. R. Ben. 22. v. án-lípig.
æ-acute;nne one; unum :-- Ðú ne miht æ-acute;nne locc gedón hwítne non potes unum capillum album facere. Mt. Bos. 5, 36; acc. of. æ-acute;n- = án, q.v.
æ-not; adj. [æ without, not use] Useless, of no use, unprofitable; inutilis :-- Ðæt hit ænote weorþe that it be useless, L. Eth. vi. 34; Th. i. 324, 7.
a-eóde happened; evenit :-- Swá hit sóþlíce aeóde so it truly happened, H. de visione Isaiæ; p. of a-gán.
æpel-sceal, -scel, e; f. An apple-shale or film about the kernels or pips ; pomi scheda, Cot. 43.
eepel-tre an apple-tree; malus, Wrt. Voc. 79, 79. v. æppel-treów.
æplian; p. ede; pp. ed To make into the form of apples, Elen. Kmbl. 2517; El. 1260. v. æpplian.
ÆPPEL, æpl, appel, apl, eapl, es; m; nom. acc. pl. m. æpplas; nom. acc. pl. n. æppla. I. an APPLE, fruit generally, Ors. Eng. 1. 3; Bos. 63, note I; malum, pomum :-- Æples gelícnes likeness of an apple, Exon. 59 a; Th. 213, 26; Ph. 230. Æppel unsæ-acute;lga, deáþ-beámes ofet the unblest apple, fruit of the tree of death, Cd. 30; Th. 40, 10; Gen. 637. Da reádan appla the red apples; mala Punica, Past. 15, 5; MS. Hat. 19b, 28. Næ-acute;nig móste heora hrórra hrím æpla gedígean none of their hardy fruits could withstand the frost; occidit moros in pruina. Ps. Th. 77, 47. Gením brembel-æppel take a bramble-fruit, i. e. a blackberry, L.M. 1, 64; Lchdm, ii. 138, 27. II. what is round as an apple, the apple of the eye, a ball, bolus, pill; quidvis globosum, pupilla, globus, bolus, pilula :-- On ðæs siwenígean eágum beóþ ða æpplas hále, ac ða bræ-acute;was greátigaþ in lippi oculis pupillæ sanæ sunt, sed palpebræ grossescunt, Past. 11, 4; MS. Hat. 15a, 18. Hí scilde swá geornlíce swá swá man déþ ðone æpl on his eágan he protected them as carefully as a man does the apple of his eye, Bt. 39, 10; Fox 228, 13. Írenum aplum with iron balls, Salm. Kmbl. 56; Sal. 28. [Orm. appell: R. Gloac. appel: Gow. apple: O. Frs. appel, m. malum, pomum: N. Out. L. Ger. appel, m: Ger. M. H. Ger. apfel, m: O. H. Ger. aphul, aphol; m: Dan. æble, n: Swed, æple, n: O. Nrs. epli, n: Wel. aval: Ir. abhall, ubhall: Gael, abhal, ubhal: Manx ooyl: Corn. Arm. aval: Lith. obolys: O. Slav. jabluko.] DER. æppel-bæ-acute;re, -bearo, -cyrnel, -fealu, -hús, -leáf, -sceal, -screáda, -þorn, -treów, -tún, -wín: brembel-æppel, eág-, eorþ-, fíc-, finger-, palm-, wudu-.
æppel-bæ-acute;re; adj. Apple-bearing, fruit-bearing; pomifer :-- Æppel-bæ-acute;re treów lignum pomiferum, Gen. 1, 11: Hexam, 6; Norm. 12, 5.
æppel-bearo, -bearu; g. -bearwes; d. -bearwe; acc. -bearo; pl. nom. acc. -was; g. -wa; d. -wum; m. An orchard; pomarium, Ps. Th. 78, 2.
ÆPPEL-CYRNEL -- Æ-acute;REND. 17
æppel-cyrnel, es; n. A pomegranate; malogranatum, malum Punicum, Cot. 128.
æppelder, æppeldor an apple-tree. v. apulder.
æppel-fealu; g. m. n. -fealuwes; adj. Apple-fallow, apple or reddish yellow; flavus ut pomum :-- Mearas æppelfealuwe bay steeds, lit. apple-coloured steeds, Beo. Th. 4336; B. 2165. DER. fealo, fealu, wes; n.
æppel-hús, es; n. An apple-house, a place for fruit generally; pomarium, Wrt. Voc. 58, 55.
æppel-leáf, es; n. An apple-leaf. v. appel-leáf.
æppel-sceal, e; f. A film about the kernels of an apple. v. æpel-sceal.
æppel-screáda Apple-shreds, apple-parings; pomi præsegmina, quisquiliæ, Wrt. Voc. 22, 13; nom. pl. of æppel-screád. v. screád.
æppel-þorn an apple-thorn, a crab-tree. v. appel-þorn.
æppel-treów, es; n. An apple-tree; malus. v. æpel-tre.
æppel-tún, es; m. An apple-garden, orchard; pomarium, Ælfc. Gl. 24? Somn. 299.
æppel-wín, es; n. Apple-wine, cider; pomaceum, Cot. 117.
æppled, æpled; part. APPLED, made into the form of apples, made into balls or bosses; in pomorum formam redactus :-- Æpplede gold appled gold, Exon. 63a; Th. 232, 14; Ph. 506: 75b; Th. 283, 30; Jul. 688. Æplede gold, Elen. Kmbl. 2517; El. 1260. v. pp. of æpplian.
æpplian, æplian; p. ede; pp. ed [æppel an apple] To make into the form of apples, to make into balls or bosses; in pomorum formam redigere, globosum facere, Exon. 63a; Th. 232, 14; Ph. 506: 75b; Th. 283, 30; Jul. 688: Elen. Kmbl. 2517; El. 1260.
æppuldre, æpuldre, an; f. An apple-tree; malus. v. apuldre.
æppuldre-tún, es; m. An apple-tree inclosure, apple-orchard; pomarium. v. apulder-tún.
æppyl an apple, Ælfc. Gr. 6; Som. 5, 57; MS. C. v. æppel.
æps, æsp, e; f: æpse, æspe, an; f. An asp or aspen-tree, a species of poplar; populus tremula :-- Æps sicomorus, vel celsa, Wrt. Voc. 33, 27: Cot. 165. Ním æps-rinde take asp-rind, L. M. 3, 39; Lchdm. ii. 332, 7. Gením æpsan take asp-tree, 1, 36; Lchdm. ii. 86, 6. [Chauc. aspe: Prompt. parv. aspe, espe: O. Frs. espe, f: Ger. espe, f. populus tremula: M. H. Ger. aspe, f: O. H. Ger. aspa, f: O. Nrs. espi, n.]
æpsenys, -nyss, e; f. Disgrace, dishonour, shame; dedecus, Scint. 56.
æps-rind, e; f. Asp-rind; populi tremulæ cortex, L. M. 3, 39; Lchdm. ii. 332, 7. DER. æps.
ær, es; m. [ær = ear, q. v.] Ocean; pl. The waves of the ocean :-- Ofer æra gebland over the mingling of the waves, Chr. 937; Th. i. 202, 38, col. 1. v. ear, ear-gebland.
æ-acute;r, es; n. Brass; æs :-- Siððan folca bearn æ-acute;res [MS. æ-acute;rest] cúðon and ísernes since then the sons of men have known brass and iron, Cd. 52; Th. 66, 22; Gen. 1088: Wrt. Voc. 8, 27. v. ár.
æ-acute;r; comp. m. æ-acute;ra, æ-acute;rra; f. n. æ-acute;re, æ-acute;rre; sup. æ-acute;rest; adj. Early, former, preceding, ancient; prior, præcedens, antiquus :-- On æ-acute;rne mergen in early morning; primo mane, Mt. Bos. 20, 1: Mk. Bos. 16, 9: Jn. Bos. 21, 4: Ps. Spl. 5, 3, 4. Fram æ-acute;rne mergen óþ æ-acute;fen from early morning till evening, Bd. 2, 14; S. 518, 8. Swá he wæs gyrstan dæg and æ-acute;ran dæg sicut erat heri et nudius tertius, Gen. 31, 5. Ðæs æ-acute;ran tácnes prioris signi, Ex. 4, 8. Forlýst he his æ-acute;rran gód he loses his former good, Bt. 35, 6; Fox 170, 22. Of deáþe woruld awehte in ðæt æ-acute;rre líf awoke the world from death into the former life, Elen. Kmbl. 609; El. 305: Exon. 113b; Th. 436, 11; Rä. 54, 12. On ðysse æ-acute;rran béc præcedente libro, Bd. 4, 1; S. 563, 18. Æ-acute;rran dagas dies antiqui, Ps. Th. 142, 5: Beo. Th. 1819; B. 907. Weorpe æ-acute;rest stán primus lapidem mittat, Jn. Bos. 8, 7. Se hér-búendra hearpan æ-acute;rest hlyn awehte who first of dwellers here awoke the sound of the harp, Cd. 52; Th. 66, 5; Gen. 1079. Se æ-acute;resta wæs Enos háten the first was called Enos, 50; Th. 64, 24; Gen. 1055. Wæs seó æ-acute;reste costung ofercumen the first temptation was overcome, Exon. 39a; Th. 128, 32; Gú. 408. In ða æ-acute;restan ældu in the first age, 34a; Th. 108, 29; Gú. 80. Ða æ-acute;restan ælda cynnes the first of the race of men, 47a; Th. 160, 23; Gú. 948. Ðú eall oncneówe, ða æ-acute;restan eác ða néhstan tu cognovisti omnia, antiqua et novissima, Ps. Th. 138, 3. Æt æ-acute;restan at the first; primo, L. Alf. pol. 1; Th. i. 60, 2: Exon. 19a; Th. 49, 15; Cri. 786. DER. æ-acute;r-ádl, -cwide, -dæ-acute;d, -dæg, -deáþ, -fæder, -gestreón, -geweorc, -gewinn, -gewyrht, -ing, -morgen, -mergen, -sceaft, -wéla, -woruld.
æ-acute;r, eár, ér; sup. æ-acute;rost, æ-acute;rest, æ-acute;rst; adv. ERE, before, sooner, earlier, formerly, already, some time ago, lately, just now, till, until; antea, prius, mane, mature, dudum :-- Gang æ-acute;r vade prius, Mt. Bos. 5, 24. He wæs æ-acute;r ðonne ic ille erat prius quam ego, Jn. Bos. 1, 15, 30. Æ-acute;r on morgen early in the morning, Cd. 224; Th. 297, 10; Sat. 515: Ps. Th. 18, 5: Ex. 12, 22. Nóht micle æ-acute;r non multo ante, Bd. 4, 23; S. 593, 21. Hwéne æ-acute;r scarcely before, just before, Bt. 23; Fox 78, 25. Swýðe æ-acute;r very early; valde mane, Mk. Bos. 16, 2: 1, 35. Tó æ-acute;r too soon, Exon. 45a; Th. 152, 30; Gú. 816. Hwonne æ-acute;r how soon? when? quando? Ps. Th. 40, 5. Æ-acute;rost first, Gen. 19, 33. Swá hit engel gecwæþ æ-acute;rest on Eþresc as the angel said it first in Hebrew, Exon. 9b; Th. 9, 11; Cri. 133: 88b; Th. 333, 15; Gn. Ex. 4. Him cenned wearþ Cainan æ-acute;rest to him was born Cainan first, Cd. 57; Th. 70, 7; Gen. 1149. Mon wæs to Godes anlícnesse æ-acute;rest gesceapen man was at first shapen to God's image, 75; Th. 92, 16; Gen. 1529. Ðá ic hér æ-acute;rest com when I first came here, 129; Th. 164, 8; Gen. 2711: Beo. Th. 1236; B. 616. [Laym, ær, ære, ear: Orm. ær: R. Glouc. er: Wyc. Chauc. Piers er: T. More ere: O. Sax. ér prius, antea: O. Frs. ér: Ger. eher prius, antea: O. H. Ger. ér, æ-acute;r antea, dudum, prius, quondam: Goth. air diluculo, mane: O. Nrs. ár olim, mane.]. DER. æ-acute;r-boren, -gedón, -genemned, -gód, -gystran-dæg, -líce, -wacol.
æ-acute;r; conj. ERE, before that; antequam, priusquam :-- Æ-acute;r heó wordum cwæþ ere she said in words, Cd. 222; Th. 290, 3; Sat. 409. Æ-acute;r hie to setle gong ere she went to her seat, Beo. Th. 4043; B. 2019. Æ-acute;r ge furður féran ere that ye further proceed, 510; B. 252. Æ-acute;r hie on tú hweorfon before they departed from one another, Andr. Kmbl. 2102; An. 1052. [O. Sax. ér priusquam: M. H. Ger. O. H. Ger. ér priusquam.]
æ-acute;r; prep, d. Before; ante :-- Æ-acute;r his swylt-dæge before his death-day, Cd. 62; Th. 74, 12; Gen. 1221. Æ-acute;r dægréde before dawn, 223; Th. 294, 4; Sat. 466. Æ-acute;r sunnan his nama sóþfæst standeþ, byþ his setl æ-acute;r swylce ðonne móna ante solem permanebit nomen ejus, et ante lunam sedes ejus, Ps. Th. 71, 17. Æ-acute;r ðam flóde ante diluvium, Mt. Bos. 24, 38. Æ-acute;r ðé before thee, Bt. 41, 3; Fox 246, 26. Æ-acute;r ðam before that, before; antequam, Mt. Bos. 6, 8: Exon. 61a; Th. 224. 22; Ph. 379. Æ-acute;r ðam ðe before that which, till; priusquam, Ps. Spl. 38, 18: Mt. Bos. 12, 20. [O. Sax. ér ante: M. H. Ger. O. H. Ger. ér ante.]
æ-acute;ra; adj. Earlier, former; prior, præcedens :-- Ðæs æ-acute;ran tácnes prioris signi, Ex. 4, 8: Gen. 31, 5. v. æ-acute;r; adj.
æ-acute;r-ádl, e; f. Early-disease; præmaturus morbus :-- Ðá æ-acute;rádl nímeþ when early disease takes them, Exon. 89a; Th. 335, 10; Gn. Ex. 31.
æra gebland [ær = ear sea] The agitation of the sea, Chr. 937; Th. 202, 38, col. 1; ear in col. 2, and p. 203, 38, col. 1; eár in col. 2. v. ear-gebland.
æ-acute;r-boren p. part. First-born; primogenitus, Cd. 47; Th. 59, 33; Gen. 973.
ærce-biscop, ærce-bisceop, es; m. An archbishop, Bd. 2, 3; S. 504, 35. v. arce-bisceop.
ærce-diácon, es; m. An archdeacon. v. arce-diácon.
æ-acute;r-cwide, es; m. Prophecy; prophetia? nuntii vel doctoris loquela ?-- He æ-acute;rcwide onwreáh [MS. onwearh] he revealed the prophecy, Exon. 83a; Th. 313, 23; Mód. 4.
æ-acute;r-dæ-acute;d, e; f. Former conduct, a past deed; ante-actum :-- Wyt witodlíce be uncer æ-acute;r-dæ-acute;dum onfóþ nos duo quidem juste, nam digna factis recipimus, Lk. Bos. 23, 41: Bd. 1, 6; S. 476, 24, note.
æ-acute;r-dæg, es; m. I. early day, early morn; matutinum, mane, prima lux :-- Mid æ-acute;rdæge at early day, Andr. Kmbl. 440; An. 220: 3048; An. 1527: Cd. 121; Th. 155, 19; Gen. 2575. On uhtan mid æ-acute;rdæge in the morning at early day, Beo. Th. 253; B. 126. To ðam æ-acute;rdæge on that morn, Cd. 153; Th. 190, 12; Exod. 198. II. in pl. Early days, former days; dies prisci :-- On æ-acute;rdagum in former days, Cd. 119; Th. 153, 23; Gen. 2543: Exon. 9a; Th. 6, 4; Cri. 79. [O. Sax. an érdagun priscis diebus: O. Nrs. í árdaga primis temporibus, olim.]
æ-acute;r-deáþ, es; m. Early death; mors immatura :-- Regnþeófas dæ-acute;laþ yldo, oððe æ-acute;r-deáþ the great thieves find age, or early death, Cd. 169; Th. 212, 14; Exod. 539.
ærdian, ærdyan to inhabit [ærd = eard earth, dwelling] :-- Ærdydon habitabant, Bd. 2, 9; S. 510, 15. v. eardian.
ærdon = ærndon? from ærnan; p. de To run, run away; currere :-- He gehleóp and his bróðru mid him begen ærdon he fled and both his brothers ran away with him, Byrht. Th. 137, 25; By. 191.
ærdung, e; f. [eard a dwelling] A tabernacle, Ps. Spl. T. 18, 5. v. eardung.
æ-réfnan to bear, Ps. Spl. T. 24, 5. v. a-ræ-acute;fnan.
æ-acute;ren, æ-acute;ryn, æ-acute;rn; adj. Made of brass, brazen; æneus :-- Wirc áne æ-acute;renan næddran fac serpentum æneum, Num. 21, 8. Æ-acute;rnum bémum with brazen trumps, Cd. 154; Th. 191, 18; Exod. 216: Ors. 2, 8; Bos. 52, 16: Ælfc. Gr. 5; Som. 4, 60.
æ-acute;ren-byt, -bytt, e; f. [byt a butt, vessel] A brass pan or vessel; lenticula, Wrt. Voc. 25, 17.
æ-acute;rend, æ-acute;rende, æ-acute;rynd, es; n: pl. nom. acc. æ-acute;rendu, æ-acute;rendo An ERRAND, a message, an embassy, news, tidings, an answer, business, care; nuntium, mandatum, negotium, cura :-- Ne mæg ðæs æ-acute;rendes ylding wyrþan there may not be a delay of this errand, Andr. Kmbl. 429; An. 215. He his hláfordes æ-acute;rende secgan sceolde he should tell his lord's message, Bd. 2, 9; S. 511, 19. Hí hæfdon nyt æ-acute;rend they had a profitable errand, 5, 10; S. 624, 21: 3, 6; S. 528, 17: L. C. S. 76; Th. i. 418, 5. He sent on his æ-acute;renda he sends on his errands, Bt. 39, 13; Fox 234, 25. Híg lægdon æ-acute;rende they imposed an errand, Chr. 1065; Th. 332, 25, col. 2. He aboden hæfde Godes æ-acute;rendu he had announced God's messages, Exon. 43a; Th. 145, 17; Gú. 696: 51b; Th. 179, 31; Gú. 1270. Hí lufedon Godes æ-acute;rendo they loved God's errands, 34b; Th. 111, 27; Gú. 133. [Laym, arend, erend, as in arend-rake, erend-mon :
18 Æ-acute;REN-DÆG -- -- ÆRN.
Orm. ernde: R. Glouc, ernde, erinde: O. Sax. árundi, n. message: M. H. Ger. árant, érende, m. message: O. H. Ger. áranti. áronti, árunti, m. nuntius; f. verbum, mandatum: Dan. ærinde, ærend: Swed, ærende: O. Nrs. örundi, erendi, n. negotium: Sansk. ír ire, to go.] v. ár a messenger.
æ-acute;ren-dæg, es; m. [contracted for on ærran dæg on a former day] The day before, yesterday; pridie, Ælfc. Gl. 96; Wrt. Voc. 53, 31. v. dæg.
æ-acute;rend-bóc, e; f. A letter, message; epistola, litteræ :-- Hí ne mihton aræ-acute;dan engles æ-acute;rendbéc they might not interpret the angels' messages, Cd. 212 ; Th. 261, 32; Dan. 735. v. æ-acute;rend-gewrit.
æ-acute;rend-gást, es; m. A spiritual messenger, an angel; nuntius spiritus, angelus :-- Godes æ-acute;rendgást God's spiritual messenger, Cd. 104; Th. 138, 23; Gen. 2296.
æ-acute;rend-gewrit, æ-acute;rend-writ, es; n. A message or report in writing, a letter, an epistle, letters mandatory, a brief writing, short notes, a summary; epistola :-- Hí sendon æ-acute;rendgewrit mittunt epistolam, Bd. 1, 13; S. 481, 41. On. forþgeonge ðæs æ-acute;rendgewrites in processu epistolæ, 1, 13; S. 481, 43: Bt. Met. Fox 1, 125; Met. 1, 63. Æ-acute;rend-gewrit epistola vel pictacium. Wrt. Voc. 46, 64: 61, 21. þurh his æ-acute;rend-gewritu by his letters, Bd. pref; S. 472, 22.
æ-acute;rendian; p. ede; pp. ed To go on an errand, to carry news, tidings, or a message, to intercede, to treat for anything, to plead the cause; nuntium ferre, mandatum deferre, intercedere, annuntiare :-- He mæg unc æ-acute;rendian he may bear our messages, Cd. 32; Th. 41, 31; Gen. 665. Ða æ-acute;rendracan, ðe his cwale æ-acute;rndedon [Whel. æ-acute;renddedon] the messengers, who had treated for his death, Bd. 2, 12; S. 515, 4.
æ-acute;rend-raca, æ-acute;rend-wreca, an; m. [æ-acute;rend an errand; raca, wreca from reccan to tell, wrecan to utter] A messenger, ambassador, aa apostle, angel; nuntius, apostolus, angelus :-- Se æ-acute;rendraca nys mæ-acute;rra ðonne se ðe hine sende non est apostolus major eo qui misit eum, Jn. Bos. 13,16. Sende he æ-acute;rendracan misit legatarios, Bd. 5, 21; S. 64a, 34. Gabriél Godes æ-acute;rendraca Gabriel God's angel. Hy. 10, 12. Æ-acute;rendraca, Bd. 2, 9; S. 510, 27: 2, 12; S. 513, 8; 515, 3: 1, 12; S. 480, 25. Æ-acute;rendraca an apostle. Wrt. Voc. 42, 1. Æ-acute;rendraca unnytnesse a tale-bearer, Cot. 139. Gesibbe æ-acute;rendracan messengers of peace; caduceatores vel pacifici, Wrt. Voc. 36, 6.
ærendran messengers; nuntii :-- Æðele æ-acute;rendran andswarodon [Grn. aerendracan] the noble messengers answered, Cd. 111; Th. 147, 4; Gen. 2434.
æ-acute;rend-secg, es; m. An errand-deliverer, a messenger; legatus, nuntius :-- Ic, on his gearwan, geseó dæt he is æ-acute;rend-secg uncres Hearran I, by his habit, see that he is the messenger of our Lord, Cd. 30; Th. 41, 17; Gen. 658.
æ-acute;rend-secgan to deliver a message; nuntiurn deferre. v. secgan.
æ-acute;rend-spræc, e; f. A verbal message; nuntiatio :-- Æ-acute;rendspræce abeódan to announce a verbal message, Exon. 123a; Th. 472, 13; Rä. 61, 15.
æ-acute;rendung, e; f. A command; mandatum, C. R. Ben. 38.
æ-acute;rend-wreca, an ; m. A messenger, ambassador; imntius, legatus :-- Hí onsendon æ-acute;rendwrecan miserunt nuntios, Bd. 1, 12; S. 480, 25. He sende æ-acute;rendwrecan in Gallia ríce he sent ambassadors; into the kingdom of the Gauls, 2, 6; S. 508, 33. v. æ-acute;rendraca.
æ-acute;rend-writ, es; n. A letter; epistola, Bd. 5, 21; S. 642, 34, note, v. æ-acute;rend-gewrit.
æren-geát, for earn-gæ-acute;t a goat-eagle; harpe = GREEK, Ælfc. Gl. 17; Wrt. Voc. 21, 6u. v. eara-geát.
æ-acute;rer; adv. Before :-- Æ-acute;rer hit gewyrþe before it comes to pass. Bt. 41, 2; Fox 244, note 8. v. æ-acute;ror.
æ-rest, es; m: e; f. The resurrection :-- On lífes æreste in resurrecti-onem vitæ, Jn. Bos. 5, 29: Andr. Grm. 780: Exon. 37b; Th. 122, 29; Gú. 313. v. æ-rist.
æ-acute;rest; adj. first, ERST ; primus :-- Weorpe æ-acute;rest stán primus lapidem mittat, Jn. Bos. 8, 7: Cd. 52; Th. 66, 5; Gen. 1079. v. æ-acute;r; adj.
æ-acute;rest; ad;. First, at first; primum, primo :-- Him cenned wearþ Cainan æ-acute;rest to him was born Cainan first. Cd. 57; Th. 70, 7; Gen. 1149: 75; Th. 92, 16; Gen. 1529. v. æ-acute;r.
æ-acute;r-fæder; indecl. in sing, but sometimes gen. -fæderes and dat. -fædere are found; pl. nom. acc. -fæderas; gen. a; dat. um; m. A forefather, father; propator, pater, Beo. Th. 5258; B. 2622.
æ-acute;r-fæst; adj. Honourable, good, gracious, merciful, Judth. 11; Thw. 24, 15; Jud. 190. v. ár-fæst.
æ-acute;r-fæstnys, -nyss, e ;f. Honesty, goodness, piety; pietas :-- Aidanus wæs mycelre æ-acute;rfæstnysse and gemetfæstnysse mon Aidan was a man of much piety and moderation, Bd. 3, 3; S. 525, 31. v. ár-fæstnes.
ærfe an inheritance, Heming, pp. 104, 105. v. yrfe.
æ-acute;r-geára; adv. Heretofore, of old; olim, Salm. Kmbl. 860; Sal. 429: Bt. Met. Fox 20, 104; Met. 20, 52. v. geára.
æ-acute;r-geblond the sea agitation, v. æ-acute;ra gebland, ear-gebland.
æ-acute;r-gedón; adj. Done before; anteactus, prior :-- Wæs seó éhtnysse unmetre and singalre eallum ðám æ-acute;rgedónum quæ persecutio omnibus fere anteactis diuturnior atque immanior fuit, Bd. 1, 6; S. 476, 24: 1, 12; S. 481, 25.
æ-acute;r-genemned; pp. Before-named; prænominatus. v. ge-nemnan.
æ-acute;r-gescod; pp. Brass-shod, shod with brass; ære calceatus :-- Bill æ-acute;rgescod a brass-shod bill, Beo. Th. 5548; B. 2777.
æ-acute;r-gestreón, es; n. Ancient treasure; thesaurus antiquitus repo-situs :-- Ðæ-acute;r wæs fela in ðam eorþ [-scræfe] æ-acute;rgestreóna there were many ancient treasures in that earth-cave, Beo. Th. 4457; B. 2232: 3518; B. 1757: Exon. 22 b; Th. 62, 5; Cri. 997: Cd. 98; Th. 129, 22; Gen. 2147.
ær-geweorc, es; n. An ancient work; antiquum opus :-- Enta æ-acute;rgeweorc the ancient wort of giants, Beo. Th. 3362; B. 1679: Andr. Kmbl. 2471; An. 1237.
æ-acute;r-gewinn, es; n. An ancient struggle, former agony; antiquum certamen, pristina agonia :-- Earmra æ-acute;rgewinn the former agony of the wretched ones, Rood Kmbl. 37; Kr. 19.
æ-acute;r-gewyrht, es; n. A former work, a deed of old; opus pristinum, facinus olim commissum :-- Ða byre siððan grimme onguldon gaful-ræ-acute;denne þurh æ-acute;rgewyrht the children since have bitterly paid the tax through the deed of old, Exon. 47 a; Th. 161, 17; Gú. 960: Elen. Kmbl. 2599; El. 1301. Nom. pl. ærgewyrhtu, Exon. 263; Th. 76, 18; Cri. 1241.
ær-glæd; adj. Brass-bright, gleaming with brazen arms; armis æneis coruscans. Cd. 158; Th. 196, 17; Exod. 293.
æ-acute;r-gód; adj. Good before others, of prime goodness; præ ceteris bonus :-- Æðeling æ-acute;rgód a prince good before others. Beo. Th. 260; B. 130: 2662; B. 1329. Íren æ-acute;rgód iron of prime goodness, 1982; B. 989.
æ-acute;r-gystran-dæg ere-yesterday, the day before yesterday; nudius tertius. v. gysternlíc dæg, gyrstan-dæg.
ærian to plough :-- Hwilc man aþohte æ-acute;rust myd sul to ærienne [MS. æriende] what man thought first of ploughing with a plough? Anlct. 113, 27. v. erian.
æ-acute;-riht, es; n. [æ-acute; law, riht right] Law-right, law; jus legurn, jus :-- Ða ðe fyrngewritu sélest cunnen, æ-acute;riht eówer who the old writings best know, your own law, Elen. Kmbl. 749; El. 375: 1176; El. 590.
æ-acute;ring, e; f. The early dawn, day-break; diluculum :-- In æ-acute;ringe, æfter leóhtes cyme at early dawn, after light's coming, Exon. 68a; Th. 252, 9; Jul. 160: Mk. Lind. War. 1, 35. v. æ-acute;r; adv.
æ-risc, e; f. [eá running water, risc a rush] A water-rush, bulrush; scirpus, Ælfc. Gl. 42; Wrt. Voc. 31, 31. v. eá-risc.
æ-rist, æ-ryst, æ-rest, es; m; e; f. A rising up, the resurrection; resurrectio: -- Drihtnes ærist the resurrection of the Lord, Menol, Fox 116; Men. 58. Æfter æriste after resurrection, Exon. 64a; Th. 235, 18 ; Ph. 559. Ðú mín setl swylce oncneówe and mínne ærist æfter gecýþdest tu cognovisti sessionem meam et resurrectionem meam, Ps. Th. 138, 1: Hy. 10, 55. Ærist gefremede accomplished his resurrection, Exon. 48b; Th. 168, 6; Gú. 1073. Ðonne æriste ealle gefremmaþ when all shall accomplish their resurrection, 63a; Th. 231, 26; Ph. 495. [Goth. urrists. f.]
æ-acute;rist = æ-acute;rest; adv. First :-- Mec se wong ærist cende the field first brought me forth, Exon. 109a; Th. 417, 10; Rä. 36, 2: sup. of æ-acute;r; adv.
æ-acute;r-lést, e; f. Dishonour, impiety, cruelty, a disgraceful deed :-- Hwelce æ-acute;rléste Neron worhte what disgraceful deeds Nero wrought, Bt. Met. Fox 9, 2; Met. 9, 1. v. ár-leást.
æ-acute;r-líce, ár-líce; adv. [æ-acute;r ere, before, líce] EARLY in the morning; diluculo, mane, Jn. Lind. War. 8, 2.
ærm; adj. Poor; pauper :-- On ðære ærman byrig in that poor city, Chr. 1011; Th. i. 269, 1, col. 1: 1014; Th. i. 272, note 1, 3. v. earm.
æ-acute;r-margen, es; m. The early morning, the day-break, Ps. Surt. 56, 9: 107, 3: 118, 148. v. æ-acute;r-morgen.
æ-acute;r-morgen, -mergen, es; m. The early morning, day-break; primum mane, matutinum, diluculum :-- On æ-acute;rmorgen in the early morning, Bt. Met. Fox 28, 72; Met. 28, 36. Æ-acute;rmorgenes gancg wið æftentíd exitus matutini et vespere, Ps. Th. 64, 9. On æ-acute;rmergen diluculo, 107, 2 : 56, 10: Bd. 1, 34; S. 499, 27. Æ-acute;rmyrgen mane, Ælfc. Gl. 94; Wrt. Voc. 53, 2. [O. Nrs. ár-morgin.]
ærn, ern, es; n. A place, secret place, closet, an habitation, a house, cottage; locus, locus secretior, domus, casa :-- Bireþ into his ærne beareth into his habitation, L. In. 57; Th. i. 138, 16. [O. Nrs. rann, n.] DER. bere-ærn [-ern] a barley place, barn, blác-, blæc-, blæ-acute;c-, breáw-, carc-, cweart-, cwert-, dóm-, eást-, eorþ-, fold-, gæst-, gest-, gyst-, heal-, hédd-, holm-, hord-, mæðel-, medo-, meðel-, mold-, norþ-, slæ-acute;p-, súþ-, þryþ-, west-, wín-.
-ærn, -ern, es; u. [ærn a place] is generally used as a termination, and denotes a place; thus, Eorþ-ærn, es; a An earth-place or house, the grave :-- Open wæs ðæt eorþ-ærn the grave was open, Exon. 120 a; Th. 460, 18; Hö. 19: 119b; Th. 459, 22; Hö. 3; Th. 460, 4; Hö. 12. Dóm-ern a judgment-place, judgment-hall, court of justice, Mt. Bos. 27, 27. Hédd-ern a heeded-place, store-house, cellar, Lk. Bos. 12, 24.
-ærn; adj. termination def. se -ærna, m; -ærne, f. n. v. -eran.
Æ-acute;RN -- ÆSC-pROTE. 19
æ-acute;rn brazen :-- Æ-acute;rnum bémum with brazen trumpets, Cd. 154; Th. 191, 18; Exod. 216. v. æ-acute;ren.
ærnan; p. de; pp. ed; v. intrans. To run; currere :-- Ærnan to run, Bd. 5, 6; S. 618, 42: S. 619, 12. Ærnaþ hý they run, Ors. 1, 1; Bos. 22, 36. DER. ge-ærnan. v. yrnan.
æ-acute;rnddedon = æ-acute;rendedon; p. of æ-acute;rendian To go on an errand; nuntium ferre, Bd. 2, 12; S. 515, 4.
æ-acute;rne Early :-- On æ-acute;rne mergen primo mane, Mt. Bos. 20, 1; acc. sing, m. of æ-acute;t, adj.
ærne-weg, es; m. [ærnan to run, weg a way] A running-way, a way fit for running on, a broad road; via cursui apta, platea :-- Æt sumes ærneweges ende at the end of some course, Bt. 37, 2; Fox 188, 9. Gescroepe ærneweg via apta cursui equorum, Bd. 5, 6; S. 618, 41.
ærnian to earn. v. ge-ærnian.
ærning, e; f. A running, riding; cursus, equitatio :-- Ða ðe hiora ærninge tréwaþ those who trust in their running, Bt. 37, 2; Fox 188, 10: Bd. 5. 6; S. 619, 15.
ærnung, e; f. An EARNING, stipend, hire, wages; merces. v. earnung.
æ-acute;ron; adv. Before; antea :-- Ic hyt æ-acute;ron nyste I knew it not before, Nicod. 12; Thw. 6, 22. v. æ-acute;r; adv.
æ-acute;ror, æ-acute;rror; prep. dat. Before; ante, priusquam : -- Næs æ-acute;ror ðé [MS. aworþe] æ-acute;negu gesceaft there was not before thee any creature, Bt. Met. Fox 20, 81; Met. 20, 41.
æ-acute;ror, æ-acute;rror, æ-acute;rur, æ-acute;rer; adv. Before, formerly; antea, prius :-- Weras on wonge wibed setton, neáh ðam ðe Abraham æ-acute;ror ræ-acute;rde the men placed an altar in the plain, near that which Abraham had reared before, Cd. 90; Th. 113, 7; Gen. 1883. Se ðe fela æ-acute;ror fyrena gefremede he who before had committed many crimes, Beo. Th. 1623; B. 809. Nemne we æ-acute;ror mæ-acute;gen fáne gefyllan unless we before may fell the foe, 5302; B. 2654. Ðæt hió eft cume, ðæ-acute;r hió æ-acute;ror wæs that it again comes where it was before, Bt. Met. Fox 13, 152; Met. 13, 76. Æ-acute;ror, on his lifdagum before, in the days of his life, 26, 174; Met. 26, 87: Exon. 35 b; Th. 114, 32; Gú. 181: Ps. Th. 77, 3: 91, 8: 134, 11: 135, 21: 145, 4: Menol. Fox 330; Men. 166. v. æ-acute;r; adv.
æ-acute;rost; adv. First, Byrht. Th. 135, 27; By. 124: Gen. 19, 33. v. æ-acute;r.
æ-acute;rra, æ-acute;rre; adj. Former, earlier, Exon, 113b; Th. 436, 11; Rä. 54, 12: Menol. Fox 213; Men. 108: Elen. Kmbl. 609; El. 305. v. -æ-acute;ra.
æ-acute;rra geóla the ere or former Yule month, December, Menol. Fox 439; Men. 221. v. geóla.
æ-acute;rra líða the ere or former Litha, June, Menol. Fox 213; Men. 108. v.líða.
æ-acute;rror; adv. Before, formerly :-- We iú in heofonum hæfdon æ-acute;rror wlite and weorþmynt we once in heaven had formerly beauty and dignity, Cd. 216; Th. 274, 9; Sat. 151: 220; Th. 283, 4; Sat. 299. v.æ-acute;ror; adv.
æ-acute;rror; prep. dot. Before; ante :-- Cymeþ eástan up æ-acute;rror [MS. æst ror] sunnan, and eft æfter sunnan on setl glídeþ comes up from the east before the sun, and again after the sun glides to his seat, Bt. Met. Fox 29, 52; Met. 29, 26. v. æ-acute;ror.
ærs The buttocks, the hind part; anus, podex :-- Open-ærs a medlar, Wrt. Voc. 32, 50; Som. 64, 116. v. ears.
æ-acute;r-sceaft, e;f. An old creation, an ancient work; pristina creatio, priscum opus, Exon. 124a; Th. 477, 1; Ruin. 16.
aersc-hen a quail, Ælfc. Gl. 38; Wrt. Voc. 29, 42. v. ersc-hen.
æ-acute;rst first; primo, Homl, in nat. Innoc. p. 36, = æ-acute;rost. v. æ-acute;r; adv.
æ-acute;r-ðam, æ-acute;r-ðon before that, Mt. Bos. 6, 8: Exon. 61 a; Th. 224, 22; Ph. 379. v. æ-acute;r; prep.
æ-acute;r-ðám-ðe before that which, till, Mt. Bos. 12, 20. v. æ-acute;r; prep.
æ-acute;rur; adv. Before; antea :-- Swá he him æ-acute;rur, hér on ðyssum lífe, ge-earnaþ as he for himself before, here in this life, earneth. Rood Kmbl. 214; Kr. 108: Ps. Th. 115, 3. v. æ-acute;ror.
æ-acute;r--wacol; adj. Early awake; diluculo vigil :-- For hwí eart ðú ðus æ-acute;rwacol why art thou thus early awake? Apol. Th. 19, 5.
æ-acute;r-wéla, an; m. [æ-acute;r ere, before, wéla wealth] Ancient wealth; divitiæ antiquitus accumulatæ, Beo. Th. 5488; B. 2747.
æ-acute;r-woruld, e; f. The former world; pristinus mundus :-- Ðonne weorþeþ sunne sweart gewended, on blódes hiw, seó ðe beorhte scán ofer æ-acute;rworuld then the sun shall be turned swart, to hue of blood, which shone brightly over the former world, Exon. 21b; Th. 58, 17; Cri. 937.
æ-acute;ryn brazen; æreus :-- Ðú gesettest swá swá bogan bræsenne æ-acute;rynne, Spl, C.] earmas míne posuisti ut arcum æreum brachia mea, Ps. Lamb. 17, 35: Ps. Spl. C. 106, 16. v. æ-acute;ren.
æ-acute;rynde, es; m. An interpreter; interpres :-- Ðæra byrla ealdor forgeat Iosepes æ-acute;rynde prepositus pincernarum oblitus est Josephi interpretis sui, Gen. 40, 23.
æ-acute;rynd-writ a letter. Lye. v. æ-acute;rend-gewrit.
æ-acute;ryr; adv. Before; prius, C. Jn. 1, 30, Lye. v. æ-acute;ror.
æ-ryst, es; m: e; f. The resurrection :-- Ða secgeaþ ðæt nán æryst ne sý qui dicunt non esse resurrectionem, Mt. Bos. 22, 23: 27, 53. v. æ-rist.
æ-acute;ryst, adv. First; primum, primo, Ps. Th. 104, 15. v. æ-acute;rest.
Æ-acute;S, es; n. Food, meat, carrion, a dead carcase; esca, cibus, pabulum, cadaver :-- Earn æ-acute;ses georn the eagle eager for food, Byrht. Th. 134, 60; By. 107. Læ-acute;ton him behíndan ðone earn æ-acute;ses brúcan they left behind them the eagle to eat of the carrion, Chr. 938; Th. i. 207, 30, col. 2; Æðelst. 63. Æ-acute;se wlanc exulting in carrion, Beo. Th. 2668; B. 1332 : Ps. Th. 146, 10. [Dut. aas, n. esca, cadaver; Ger. aas, n. esca, cadaver: M. H. Ger. ás, n: O.H. Ger. ás, n. esca: Dan. aas, n: Swed. as, n.]
ÆSC; g. æsces; pl. nom. acc. æscas, ascas; g. æsca, asca; d. æscum, ascum; m; I. an ash-tree; fraxinus excelsior :-- On ðone æsc to the ash-tree. Cod. Dipl. Apndx. 461; A. D. 956; Kmbl. iii. 450, 3. Æsc fraxinus, Ælfc. Gl. 45; Som. 64, 98. II. the Anglo-Saxon Rune RUNE = æ, the name of which letter in Anglo-Saxon is æsc an ash-tree, hence this Rune not only stands for the letter æ, but for æsc an ash-tree, as, -- RUNE byþ oferheáh, eldum dýre, stíþ staðule the ash-tree is over-high, dear to men, firm in its place, Hick. Thes. vol. i. p. 135; Runic pm. 26; Kmbl. 344, 23. Se torhta æsc the remarkable Rune æsc, Exon. 112a; Th. 429, 24; Rä. 43, 9. III. an ash-spear, a spear, lance; hasta fraxinea, hasta :-- Byrhtnóþ wánd wácne æsc Byrhtnoth brandished his slender ashen spear, Byrht. Th. 132, 68; By. 43: 140, 59; By. 310. Ðe ðé æsca tír æt gúðe forgeaf who to thee gave glory of spears in battle. Cd. 97; Th. 127, 10; Gen. 2108. Asca, g. pl. Exon. 78a; Th. 292, 15; Wand. 99. Æscum with spears. Beo. Th. 3548; B. 1772: Andr. Kmbl. 2195; An. 1099. IV. because boats were made of ash, -- a small ship, a skiff, a light vessel to sail or row in; navis, navigium, dromo :-- Hét Ælfréd cyng timbrian langscipu ongén ða æscas king Alfred commanded to build long ships against those ships, Chr. 897; Th. i. 174, 41. Æsc dromo, Wrt. Voc. 63, 34: 56, 24. [O. H. Ger. asc, m: O. Nrs. askr, m. arbor, fraxinus, vas ligneum, navis, gladius, Egils.] DER. daroþ-æsc, ceaster-: æsc-rind.
æ-scære; adj. [æ = a, scær, p. of sceran to shear, cut] Without tonsure, uncut, untrimmed, neglected; intonsus, incultus, neglectus :-- Deóplíc dæ-acute;d-bót biþ, ðæt læ-acute;wede man swá æscære beó, ðæt íren ne cume on hæ-acute;re, ne on nægle it is a deep penitence, that a layman be so untrimmed that scissors [iron] come not on hair, nor on nail, L. Pen. 10; Th. ii. 280, 20. v. a-scære.
æsc-berend, es; m. [æsc a spear, berende bearing, part, from beran to bear] A spear or lance-bearer, a soldier; hastifer :-- Eorre æscberend the fierce spear-bearer, Andr. Kmbl. 93; An. 47: 2153; An. 1078. Ealde æscberend the old spear-bearer, 3072; Au. 1539.
æsc-berende; part. Spear-bearing; hastam gerens :-- Wígena æscbe-rendra of warriors bearing spears, Cd. 94; Th. 123, 7; Gen. 2041.
æsce; g. æscean; f. Ashes; -- Forðon ic anlíc ætt æscean hláfe quia cinerem sicut panem manducabam, Ps. Th. 101, 7: 147, 5. v. asce.
æ-acute;sce, an; f. Search, inquisition, examination, inquiry, trial of or asking after any matter or thing; interrogatio, investigatio, disquisitio :-- Hæfdon ealle ða æscean all should have the search, L. Ath. 5; Th. i. 230, 18.
æsceda, an; m. A farrago, mixture, perfume; migma. Wrt. Voc. 38, 53.
æscen A vessel made of ash-wood, such as a bottle, bucket, pail, etc; lagena :-- Æscen ðe is óðre namon hrygilebuc gecleopad an ascen, its other name is called Rigelbuc, q. back-bucket, Heming, p. 393.
æscen; adj. Ashen, ash, made of ash; fraxineus. v. æsc, -en.
Æsces dún, e; f. [æsc ash-tree, dún a hill] ASHDOWN, the hill of the ash-tree, on the Ridgeway in Berkshire, where Alfred and his elder brother, king Ethelred, first routed the Danes; 'dicitur Latine mons fraxini,' Asser :-- Hér gefeaht Æðeréd cyning and Ælfréd, his bróðor, wið ealne ðone here, on Æsces dúne A.D. 871, here fought king Æthelred and Alfred, his brother, with all the army [of the Danes], on Ashdown, Chr. 871; Th. 139, 5, col. 1.
æsc-here, -es; m. A spear-band, company armed with spears, a ship or naval-band; exercitus hastifer, exercitus navalis, Byrht. Th. 133, 53; By. 69.
æsc-holt, es; nom. pl. holt; n. Ash-wood, an ash-wood spear; lignum fraxineum, hasta fraxinea :-- Æscholt asceóc shook his ashen spear, Byrht. 138, 35; By. 230: Beo. Th. 665; B. 330.
æscian to ask; interrogare, Jud. Civ. Land. v. acsian.
æsc-man, -mann, es; m. A ship-man, sailor, and hence a pirate; nauta, pirata :-- Æ-acute;gþer ge æscmanna ge óðerra both of the ship-men and of the others, Chr. 921; Th. 195, 15: Cot. 155.
æsc-plega, an; m. [plega play] The play of spears, war; hastarum ludus, prælium :-- Æt ðam æscplegan, Judth. 11; Thw. 24, 31; Jud. 217.
æsc-rind, e; f. Ash-bark; fraxini cortex :-- Ním æscrinde take ash-bark, Lchdm, iii. 14, 1. Wel æscrinde boil ash-bark, ii. 78, 5.
æsc-róf; adj. Spear-famed, distinguished in battle, illustrious, noble; hasta clarus, in prœlio strennus, illustris, nobilis :-- Eorlas æscrófe illustrious nobles, Judth. 12; Thw. 26, 20; Jud. 337: Elen. Grm. 276: 202.
æsc-stéde, es; m. The ash-spear place, place of battle; hastæ locus, pugnæ locus :-- Hí witan fundian æscstéde they strive to know the battle place, Exon. 83b; Th. 314, 20; Mód. 17.
æsc-þræc; g. -þræce; pl. nom. g. acc. -þraca; f. Spear-strength, brunt of spears, a battle; hastæ vis, hastarum impetus, prælium :-- Æt æscþræce, Cd. 98; Th. 130, 2; Gen. 2153.
æsc-Þrote, an; f: -þrotu, e; f. [æsc ash, þrote a throat] ASH-THROAT, vervain; verbenaca, verbena officinalis, Prior, p. 242: vocabularies give the Lat. feiula the fennel-giant, but verbenaca vervain seems more probable from the following quotations, -- Herba uermenaca [ = verbenaca. Herb. 4, = verbenaca: Lat. = berbena, 67, -verbena, Lat.] ðæt is æscþrotu
C 2
ÆSC-TlR -- ÆT-BERDENDLÍC.
the herb verbena, that is ash-throat [= vervain], Herb. cont. 4, 1; Lchdm. i. 8, . Niðeweardre æscþrotan of the netherward [part of] vervain, L. M. 3, 72; Lchdm, ii. 358, 16. NIm æscþrotan take vervain, 1, 88; Lchdm. ii. 156, 22. Æscþrotan, 1, 43; Lchdm, ii. 108, 6. Æscþrote, nom. Herb. 4, 1; Lchdm, i. 90, 1. Æscþrotu, L. M. l, 47; Lchdm, ii. 120, 9: 2, 53; Lchdm, ii. 274, 9. Man æscþrote nemneþ one nameth it vervain. Herb. 4, 1; Lchdm, i. 90, 3. Gením æscþrote take vervain, 101, 3; Lchdm. i. 216, 11: L. M. 3, 61; Lchdm, ii. 344, 9; Lchdm, iii. 28, 14.
æsc-tír, es; m. Spear-glory, glory in war; hastæ gloria, belli gloria, Cd. 95; Th. 124, 27; Gen. 2069.
æsc-wert, e; f. Ash-wort, vervain; verbena, Mone C. 3; p. 442, 24.
æsc-wíga, an; m. A spear-warrior; bellator hastifer :-- Eald æscwíga an old spear-warrior, Beo. Th. 4090; B. 2042. Æscwígan, nom. pl. Elen. Grm. 260.
æsc-wlanc; adj. Spear-proud; hasta superbus, Leo 104.
ÆSP, e; f: æspe, an; f. An ASP or aspen-tree; populus tremula :-- Æspan rind the rind of the asp-tree, L. M. 1, 47; Lchdm, ii. 116, 1. v. æps.
æspen; adj. ASPEN, belonging to the asp-tree; populeus. DER. æsp.
æ-acute;-spring, æ-acute;-springe, æ-acute;-sprynge, es; n. [æ-acute; water, spring a spring] A water-spring, fountain; aquæ fons, fons :-- Se æðela fugel æt ðam æ-acute;springe wunaþ the noble fowl remains at the fountain, Exon. 57a; Th. 204, 28; Ph. 104. Æ-acute;springe útawealleþ of clife a fountain springs out of a cliff, Bt. Met. Fox 5, 23; Met. 5, 12. Ealle æ-acute;spiynge all springs, Exon. 55a; Th. 194, 5; Az. 134, 93b; Th. 351, 8; Sch. 77. v. eá-spring.
æ-springnes, -ness, e; f. [aspringan to fail] A failing, fainting ; defectio, Ps. Spl. T. 118, 53. v. a-sprungennes.
æstel, es; m. A tablet, a table for notes, a waxed tablet; indicatorium, astula, pugillaris. Du Cange says astula = tabula sectilis, referring to pugillares, under which he gives the following quotation from Cassander in Liturgicis, p. 53, -- 'Inter instrumenta sacra numerantur pugillares aure sive argentei.... Proprié pugillares sunt tabulæ, in quibus scribi consuevit, quæ Græcé GREEK dicuntur." In St. Luke i. 63, GREEK GREEK, postulans pugillarem, is in the A. Sax. Gospels, gebedenum wex-brede a waxed tablet being asked for. William of Malmsbury may have alluded to one of these waxed tablets in Gesta Reg. ii. § 123, -- 'Cum pugillari aureo in quo est manca auri.' It is most probable then that Alfred's æ-acute;stel consisted of two waxed tablets, joined together by a hinge, and framed or covered with gold to the value of fifty mancuses. When these waxed tablets were closed, being framed or covered with gold, they would have a splendid and costly appearance, worthy the gift of a king :-- Æ-acute;stel indicatorium, Ælfc. Gr. 8; Som. 7, 63: Cot. 214: Ælfc. Gl. 19? Lye. Ðá ongan ic [Ælfréd cyning] ða bóc wendan on Englisc, ðe is genemned on Læ-acute;den Pastoralis, and on Englisc Hierde-bóc, hwílum word be worde, hwílum andgit of andgite, swá swá ic hie geliornode æt Plegmunde mínum Ærcebiscepe, and æt Assere mínum Biscepe, and æt Grimbolde mínum Mæsse-Prióste, and æt Iohanne mínum Mæsse-Preóste. Siððan ic hie ða geliornod hæfde, swá swá ic hie forstód, and swá ic hie andgitfullícost areccean meahte, ic hie on Englisc awende, and to æ-acute;lcum Biscep-stðle on mínum Rtce wille áne onsendan, and on æ-acute;lcre biþ án Æstel, se biþ on fíftegum Mancessan. Ond ic bebióde, on Godes naman, ðæt nán mon ðone Æ-acute;stel from ðære béc ne dó, ne ða bóc from ðæm Mynstre then I [Alfred king] began to translate into English the book, which is called in Latin Pastoralis, and in English Herdsman's book, sometimes word by word, sometimes meaning for meaning, as I learned it from Plegmund my archbishop, and from Asser my bishop, and from Grimbold my presbyter, and from John my presbyter. After I had then learned it, so that I understood it as well as my understanding would allow me, I translated it into English, and I will send one copy to each bishop's see in my kingdom; and on each one there shall be one tablet, which shall be worth fifty mancuses. And in God's name, I command that no man take the tablet from the book, nor the book from the minster, Past. Hat. MS. Pref.
æsul, es; m. An ass; asinus, Mt. Rush. Kmbl. 21, 2. v. esol.
æ-swáp, es; n. pl. æswápa Sweepings, dust; peripsema, purgamentum. v. a-swáp.
æ-acute;-swíc, áé-swýc, é-swíc, es; m. [æ-acute; law, swíc an offence] An offence, a scandal, stumbling-block, sedition, deceit; scandalum; -- Ne biþ him æ-acute;swíc non est illis scandalum, Ps. Th. 118, 165: Ps. Spl. 118, 165: 48, 13: 49, 21, C. To æ-acute;swýce in scandalum. Ps. Th. 105, 26.
æ-swíca, an; m: a-swícend, es; m. An offender of the law, a deceiver, hypocrite, apostate; hypocrita, apostata. v. swíca.
æ-acute;-swícian; p. ode; pp. od To offend, to depart from the law, to dissemble; scandalizare, deficere ab aliquo :-- Gyf ðín swýðre eáge ðé æ-acute;swyície si oculus tuus dexter scandalizat te, Mt. Bos. 5, 29. v. a-swícian?
æ-acute;-swícung, e; f. An offence; scandalum :-- Ðú settest æ-acute;swícunge ponebas scandalum, Ps. Spl. 49, 21. v. æ-acute;-swíc.
æ-swind; adj. Idle; iners, Cot. 108. v. a-swind.
æ-acute;-swutol, es; m. [æ-acute; law, sweotol manifest, clear, open] One who makes the law clear, a lawyer; legisperitus. v. sweotol.
æ-acute;-swýc, es; m. An offence; scandalum, Ps. Th. 105, 26. v. æ-acute;-swíc.
æ-acute;-syllend, es; m. [æ-acute; law, syllende giving] A lawgiver; legislator, Ps. Spl. 83, 7.
ÆT; prep. I. with the dative; cum dativo AT, to, before, next, with, in, for, against; apud, juxta, props, ante, ad, in, contra :-- Sittende æt tollsceamule sitting at tie seat of custom, Mt. Bos. 9, 9. Æt fruman worulde at the beginning of the world, Exon. 47a; Th. 161, 7; Gú. 955. Wæs seó treów lufu hát æt heortan the true love was hot at heart, 15 b; Th. 34, 8; Cri. 539. Ge ne cómon æt me ye came not to me, Mt. Bos. 25, 43. Æt selde before the throne, Cd. 228; Th. 306, 12; Sat. 663. Ic
áre æt him fínde I may find honour with them, Exon. 67a; Th. 247, 19; Jul. 81. Ic nú æt feáwum wordum secge I now say in few words, Bd. 3, 17; S. 545, 14. Is seó bót gelong eal æt ðé ánum the expiation is all ready with thee alone, Exon. 10a; Th. 10, 16; Cri. 153. Ne mihton hí áwiht æt me æ-acute;ftr gewyrcean they might not ever do anything against me, Ps. Th. 128, l. Ðe him æt blisse beornas habbaþ which men have for their merriment, Exon. 108 b; Th. 414, 4; Rä. 32, 15. 2. because you approach a person or thing when you wish to take something away, as they say in Lancashire, Nottinghamshire, etc. Take this at me, i.e. from me, hence, -- Of, from; a, ab, de :-- Anýmaþ ðæt púnd æt hym tollite ab eo talentum, Mt. Bos. 25, 28. Leorniaþ æt me learn by coming near me, learn at, of, or from me; discite a me. Mt. Bos. 11, 29. Æt his sylfes múþe at or from his own mouth. Bd. 3, 27; S. 558, 40. Æt ðam wífe from the woman, Cd. 33; Th. 44, 31; Gen. 717. Ic gebád grynna æt Grendle I endured snares from Grendel, Beo. Th. 1864; B. 930: Ps. Th. 21, 18. 3. the names of places are often put in the dat. pl. governed by æt, the preposition is then, as in Icelandic, not translated, and the noun is read as singular :-- Ðe mon hæ-acute;t æt Hæ-acute;ðum which they call Haddeby; quem vocant Hæthe, Ors. i. 1 ,§ 19; Bos. Eng. 47, note 57. In monasterio, quod situm est in civitate æt Baðum [MS. Bathun], Kmbl. Cod. Dipl, cxciii; vol. i. 237, 1. II. very rarely used with the accusative; cum accusative To, unto, as far as; ad, usque ad :-- Æt sæ-acute;-streámas ad mare, Ps. Th. 79, 11. Æt Ác-leá at Oakley, Chr. 789; Ing. 79, 14. v. Ác-leá. III. sometimes æt is separated from its case :-- Ðonne wile Dryhten sylf dæ-acute;da gehýran æt ealra monna gehwám then will the Lord himself hear of the deeds from all sorts of men [ab omnium homínum quocunque], Exon. 99 b; Th. 372, 15; Seel. 93. [O. Sax. at: p. O. Frs. et, it: O. H. Ger. az: Goth. at: O. Nrs. at.]
æt ate; comedit :-- He æt he ate, Gen. 3, 6; p. of etan to eat.
æt-, prefixed to words, like the prep, æt, denotes at, to, and from; ad-, ab-. v. æt; prep. I. 2.
æ-acute;t, es; m: æ-acute;t, e; f. [æt p. of etan to eat]. I. food; cibus, esca :-- Æ-acute;tes on wenan in hope of food, Cd. 151; Th. 188, 9; Exod. 165. He us æ-acute;t giefcþ he gives us food, Exon. 16 b; Th. 38, 9; Cri. 604. Oft he him æ-acute;te heóld he often gave them food, Exon. 43 a; Th. 146, 12 ; Gu. 708 : Cd. 200; Th. 247, 32; Dan. 506. II. eating; esus, mandu-catio :-- Æfter æ-acute;te after eating, Exon. 61 b; Th. 226, 13; Ph. 405. Hí to æ-acute;te útgewítaþ ipsi dispergentur ad manducandum, Ps. Th. 58, 15: Andr. Kmbl. 2148; An. 1075. [Orm. ðet: O. Sax. át, n: O. Frs. ét, n: O. H. Ger. áz, n; O. Nrs. át, n. esus.] v. etan.
æ-acute;ta, an; m. An eater; edax. DER. self-æ-acute;ta, q.v.
æt-ara ran away, Gen. 39,12; p. of æt-irnan.
æt-bær bore,produced, Cd. 202; Th. 249,31; Dan. 538; p. ofæt-beran.
æt-befón, ic -befó; subj. ic, he -befó [æt, be, fón] To take to, attach; deprehendere, capere, invenire :-- Gif hwá befó ðæt him losod wæs, cenne se ðe he hit ætbefó hwanon hit him cóme if any one attach that which he had lost, let him with whom he attaches it declare whence it came to him, L. Eth. ii. 8; Th. i. 288, 15: L. C. S. 23; Th. i. 388, 22. v. be-fón, æt-fón.
æt-beón To be at or present; adesse :-- Ætbeón dé we biddaþ adesse te deposcimus, Hymn Surt. 14, 26.
æt-beran; p. -bær, pl. -bæ-acute;ron To bear or carry to, bring forward, produce, bear away or forth; afferre, proferre, efferre :-- Hió Beówulfe medo-ful ætbær she to Beowulf the mead-cup bore, Beo. Th. 1253; B. 624. He wundor manig fór men ætbær he many a wonder produced before men, Cd. 202; Th. 249, 31; Dan. 538. Hí hyne ætbæ-acute;ron to brimes faroðe they bore him away to the sea-shore, Beo. Th. 55; B. 28: 426l; B. 2127: 5222; B. 2614. Ðæt [wæ-acute;pen] to beadu-láce ætberan meahte might bear forth that [weapon] to the game of war, 3127; B. 1561.
æt-berstan, ic -berste, he -birsteþ, -byrst; p. -bærst, pl. -burston; pp. -borsten To break out or loose, to escape, get away; erumpere, evadere :-- Ða ælbærst him sum man evosit homo quidam, Gen. 14, 13. Ða fíf cyningas ætburstop fugerunt enim quinque reges, Jos. 10, 16. Ðæt he ðanon ætberste that he escape thence, L. C. E. 2 ; Th. i. 358, 25.
æt-bredan, he ætbryt; p. -bræd, pl. -brudon; pp. -broden, -breden; v. a. To take away, withdraw, set at liberty, to enlarge, release, rescue; tollere, eri-pere. -- Se deófol ætbryt ðæt word diabolus tollit verbum, Lk. Bos. 8, 12. Ge ætbrudon ðæs ingehýdes cæ-acute;ge tulistis clavem scientiæ, 11, 52. Ðæt ðe he hæfþ him biþ ætbroden quod habet auferetur ab eo, Mt. Bos. 13, 12: 21, 43: Ex. 22, 10. Ðe hys wealas him ætbrudon quem abstulerant servi ejus, Gen. 21, 25. DER. bredan.
æt-bredendlíc; adj. [æt-bredende, part. of ætbredan to take away]
ÆT-BEODEN -- ÆÐELBALD. 21
Taking away; ablativus :-- Ætbredendlíc is ablativus: mid ðam casu biþ geswutelod swá hwæt swá we ætbredaþ oðrum, oððe swá hwæt swá we underfóþ æt óðrum, oððe hwanon we faraþ, -- Fram ðisum menn ic underféng feóh ab hoc homine pecuniam accepi, Fram ðisum láreówe ic gehýrde wisdóm ab hoc magistro audivi sapientiam. Fram ðære byrig ic rád ab illa civitate equitavi. Fram cyninge [MS: kynincge] ic com o rege veni, --ablative is ablativus: with this case is shewn whatsoever we take away from others, or whatsoever we receive from others, or whence we proceed :-- From this man I received money. From this teacher I heard wisdom. I rode from that city. I came from the king, Ælfc. Gr. 7; Som. 6, 27-32.
æt-broden Taken away; ablatus :-- Him biþ ætbroden shall be taken away from him, Mt. Bos. 13, 12: 21, 43; pp. of æt-bredan.
æt-bryidan; p. ede; pp.ed To take away; auferre :-- Ðæs óðres áþ ðe mon his orf æt-bryideþ the oath of the other from whom the cattle is taken away, L.O. 3; Th. i. 178,16, = æt-bredan. DER. bryidan.
æt-byrst he will escape; evadet, Basil. 7; Norm. 5, 12; fut. of æt-berstan.
æt-cliflan; p. ode; pp. od; v. intrans. To cleave to, adhere; adhærere, Ps. Vos. 101, 6.
æt-don, ic æt-dó; p. -dide; subj. ic, ðú, he -do; pp. -dón, -dén To take away, deprive; eripere :-- Ðæt nán preósta óðrum ne æ-acute;tdé æ-acute;nig ðara þinga that no priest deprive another of any of those things, L. Edg.C. 9; Th. ii. 246,10.
æ-acute;te, an; f. pl. æ-acute;tan; g. æ-acute;tena Oats; avena sativa, L.M.I, 35; Lchdm, ii. 84, 5. v. ate.
æt-écan, -ycan; p. -écte; v. trans, [æt to, at, eacan to eke] To add to, increase; addere, adjicere :-- He ætécte addidit, Bd. 3, 27; S. 559, 33: Mt. Rush. Stv. 6, 27.
æt-eglan; p. ede; pp. ed; v. intrans. To inflict pain, torment, trouble, grieve; molestum quid injicere :-- Ne mæg him æ-acute;nig fácen feónd æteglan any deceitful fiend may not inflict grief upon him, Ps. Th. 88, 19.
æt-eom, -eart, -is, -ys [æt at, eom am] I am present; adsurn :-- Ðæt ríp æt-is [æt-ys, Jun.] adest messis, Mk. Bos. 4, 29. v. wesan to be.
æ-teorian; p. ode; pp. od To fail, be wanting; deficere :-- Æteorode se heofonlíca mete the heavenly food [manna] failed, Jos. 5, 12.
æt-eówedniss, e; f. A revelation; revelatio :-- To æteówednisse cynna ad revelationem gentium, Lk. Rush. War. 2, 32.
æt-eówian -eówigan; p. de, ede; impert. -eow; pp. ed. I. v. trans. To shew, display, manifest, declare; ostendere, manifestare :-- Æteów ðínne andwlitan ostende faciem tuam. Ps. Th. 79, 4, 7, 84, 6. God æteówde me Deus ostendit mihi, Ps. Spl. 58, ii: Mt. Bos. 13, 26. He geseah dríge stówe æteówde he saw the dry places displayed, Cd. 8; Th. 10, 31; Gen. 165. II. v, intrans. To appear; apparere, manifestari :-- Æteówige drígnis appareat arida, Gen. l, 9. Æteów fór Effraim appare coram Effrem, Ps. Th. 79, 2. v. eáwan.
æt-eówigendlíce; adv. Evidently, demonstratively; demonstrative, -- æt-eówigende; port, of æt-eówian, -eówigan.
æ-acute;tern Venomous, poisonous; venenosus :-- Wið æ-acute;lcum æ-acute;ternum swile for every venomous swelling, L. M. l, 45; Lchdm, ii. 112, 24. v. æ-acute;tren.
æ-acute;ternes, -ness, e; f. Venomousness, full of poison; venenositas. v. æ-acute;tern.
æt-éwung, e; f. A shewing, manifesting, epiphany; manifestatio, Wrt. Voc. 16, 49.
æt-fæstan; p. -fæste; pp. -fæsted; f. trans, [æt, fæstan to fasten] To fix, fasten, drive into, afflict with, inflict on; impingere, infigere :-- Hí míne sáwle synne ætfæsten they inflict sin on my soul, Ps. Th. 142, ll. He him ætfæste éce edwít opprobrium sempiternum dedit illis, 77, 66. Bitere ætfæsted bitterly afflicted, 136, 8. Ne mágon we him láþ ætfæstan we cannot afflht him with pain, Andr. Kmbl. 2694; An. 1349.
æt-fealh adhæsit, Ps. Th. 118, 25 ; p. of æt-felgan.
æt-feallan; p. -feól, pl. -feóllon; pp. -feallen To fall away; cadere :-- Healf wér ðæ-acute;r æt-fealþ one half of the wer there falls away, L. O. D. 5; Th. i. 354, 21.
æt-fecgan; p. -feah; v. trans. To seize; apprehendere :-- Me ætfeah fyrhtu helle fear of hell seized me. Ps. Th. 114, 3.
æt-fele Adhesion; adhæsio ? -- Mín is ætfele mihitigum Drihtne mihi autem adhærere Deo, Ps. Th. 72, 23. v. æt-feolan.
æt-felgan; p. -fealh, pl. -fulgon; pp. -folgen; v. intrans. To cleave on, adhere, stick to; adhærere. -- Mín sáwul flóre ætfealh adhæsit pavimento anima mea, Ps. Th. 118, 25: 118, 31: Beo. Th. 1941; B. 968 : Ps. Spl. C. 62, 8.
aet-feng, es; m. Attaching; comprehension -- Be yrfes ætfenge of attaching tattle, L. Ath. i. 9; Th. i. 204, 9. DER. æt-fón
æt-feohtan; p. -feaht, pl. ???-fa/uhton. I. to fight against, contend; oppugnare :-- Ætfeohtan mid frumgarum to fight against the patriarchs, Cd. 97; Th. 127, 25; Gen. 2116. II. to feel earnestly, grope; contendere, tentare circum :-- Folmum ætfeohtan with his hands to contend or grope. Exon. 87 b; Th. 328, 15; Vy. 18.
æt-feolan, -fiolan; p. -fæl, pl, -fæ-acute;lon, -félon; pp. -folen, -feolen To adhere, cleave or hang on, insist upon, stick to, continue; insistere, adhærere :-- Ætfeole mín tunge fæste gómum adthæreat lingua mea faucibus meis, Ps. Th. 136, 5. Is ætfeolen eác mín bán flæ-acute;sce mínum adhæserunt ossa mea carni mea, Ps. Th. 101, 4. Ætfelon [MS. ætfelun] vel ætclofodon [MS. -fodun] adhteserunt, Ps. Surt. 101, 6. Me sóblíce ætfeolan Gode gód is mihi autem adhærere Deo bonum est, 72a, 28. Ætfeolan wæccum and gebédum to continue in watchings and prayers, Bd. 4, 25; S. 601, 2. DER. felan, feolan.
æt-ferian; p. ede; pp. ed; v. trans. To carry out, take'away, bear away; auferre :-- Ic ðæt hilt feóndum ætferede I bore the hilt away from the foes, Beo. Th. 3342; B. 1669.
æt-fiolan to stick to, continue; adhærere. v. æt-feolan.
æt-fleón; p. -fleáh, pl. -flugon; pp. -flogen [æt, fleon to flee] To flee away, escape by flight, eschew; aufugere :-- , Ic ána ætfleáh I alone escaped, Job Thw. 165, 30. Nán þing ætfleón ne mihte nothing might remain, Jos. 10, 35 : L. C. S. 78; Th. i. 420, 7.
æt-flówan; p. -fleów, pl. -fleowon; pp. -flówen; v. intrans. To flow to or together, to increase; affluere:-- Gyf wélan ætflówon si divitia affluant, Ps. Spl. 61, 10.
æt-fón [æt to, fón to seize] To claim, lay claim, attach; deprehendere, capere :-- Gif se ágend hit eft ætfó if the owner afterwards lay claim to it, L. H. E. 7; Th. i. 30, 8: 16; Th. i. 34, 6: L. Ed. l; Th. i. 160, 8.
æt-foran; prep. dat. [æt at, foran fore] Close be/ore, close by, before, at; ante, pro, coram :-- Ætforan eágan ðíne ante ocalos tuns. Ps. Spl. 5,5; 13, 7: Byrht. Th. 132, 14; By. 16. Sæt ætforan ðam dðmsetle sedit pro tribunali, Jn. Bos. 19,13.
æt-foran-weall, es; m. The outer wall, outworks, a bulwark before a castle; antemurale. v. weall; m.
æt-fyligan; p. de; pp. ed To adhere to, stick to; adhærere :-- Ne ætfyligeþ de áhwæ-acute;r fácn ne unriht numquid adnaret tibi sedes iniyuitalis, Ps. Th. 93,19.
æt-gædere; adv. [æt, gædrian = gadrian to gather] Together; una, simul :-- Twá beóþ ætgædere grmdende. Lk. Bos. 17, 35; tweye [wym-men] schulen be gryndinge to gidere,Wyc. His mæ-acute;gþe biþ ætgædere his kindred is together. Bt. Met. Fox 20, 320; Met. 20, 160. Gáras stódon samod ætgædere the javelins stood altogether. Beo. Th. 664; Bi 329. Blod and wæter bu tú ætgædre blood and water both together, Exon. 70a; Th. 260,5; Ju'- 292- Bismærede ungket [ = uncit] men, bá ætgædre they [men] reviled us two, both together. Runic Inscrip. Kmbl, 354, 30. DER. gædere.
æt-gár, es; m. [æt, gar a spear] A short spear or javelin, a. kind of dart or other weapon to cast at the enemy; framea, Cot. 188: 86. [O. Frs. etgér: M. H. Ger. azigér: 0. H. Ger. az-kgr: 0. .IVrs. atgeirr.]
æt-gebicgan; p. -bohte; pp. -boht [æt, gebycgan to buy] To buy for himself; emere :-- He hi æft æt ðam ágende sínne willan æt-gebicge let him afterwards buy her at her owner's will, L.Ethb. 82; Th. i. 24, 4.
æt-gebrengan; p. -gebrohte; pp. -gebroht; v, trans. To bring or lead to; adducere :-- He ætgebrenge, Se him sealde -let him bring the person who sold it him, L. H. E. 7; Th. i. 30, 8.
æt-gemman; p. -genam, pl. -genámon; pp. -genufnen To take away by force, to pluck out, withdraw, deliver, rescue; eripere, Cot. 77. ,
æ-acute;t-giefa, -geofa, an; m. [St food, gifa a giver] A food-giver, feeder; cibi dator :-- Óþ ðæt se fugel his æ-acute;tgiefan eáþmod weorþeþ till that the bird becomes obedient to his feeder, Exon. 88b; Th. 332, 26; Vy. 91: gob; Th. 339, 22; Gn. Ex. 98.
æt-gifan; p. -geaf, -gaf, pl. -geáfon, géfon; pp. -gifen [æt to, gifan] To give to, render, afford; tribuere, aflferre :-- Ic him Mf-wtaðe lytle meahte ætgifan æt gúðe / could render to him little life-protection in the conflict, Beo. Th. 5748; B. 2878.
æt-gongan [æt at, gangan to go] To go to, approach; accedere :-- HSt hie of ðam líge near ætgongan he bade them from the flame to approach nearer, Exon. 55b; Th. 197, l; Az. 183.
æt-græ-acute;pe; adj. Grasping at, seizing; prehendens :-- Ðæ-acute;r him aglæ-acute;ca ætgræ-acute;pe wearþ where the miserable being seized him. Beo. Th. 2542; B. 1269.
æt-habban; p. -hæfde; pp. -hæfed To retain, detain, withhold; retinere, detinere, Scint. 10. DER. habban.
æ-acute;ðan To overflow, deluge, lay waste:-- Cwæþ ðæt he wolde eall á æ-acute;ðan ðæt on eorþan wæs said that he would for ever lay waste all that was on the earth. Cd. 64; Th. 77, 24; Gen. 1280. v. éðan.
æðel- noble; nobilis :-- v. the compounds æðel-boren, -borennes, -cund, etc. from æðele noble.
æðel, es; m. A native country, country, land; patria, terra :-- In ðeos-sum æ-acute;ðele in this country. Cd. 215; Th. 217, 21; Sae. 108. On æ-acute;ðelum, d. pl. Menol. Fox 236; Men, 119, v. éðel
Æðelbald, es; m. [æðele, bald bold, brave] Æthelbald; Æthelbaldus; the eldest son of Ælhelwulf. Æthelbald, the eldest brother of Alfred, was king of Wessex for five years, from A. D. 855-860 :-- A. D. 855, ðá féngon Æðelwulfes ii suna to rice; Æðelbald to Westseaxna ríce, and Æðelbryht to Cantwara ríce then, A. D. 855, Æthelwulf's two sons succeeded to the kingdom; Æthelbald to the kingdom of the West Saxons, and Ethelbert to the kingdom of Kent, Chr. 855; Th, 129, 16-19, col. 1.
A.D. 860, hér, Æðelbald cyning forþférde here, A. D. 860, king Æthelbald died, Chr. 860; Erl. 71, 3.
æðel-boren; part. Noble-born, free-born, noble; natu nobitis, nobili genere natus, nobilis :-- Sum æðelboren man homo quidam nobilis. Lk. Bos. 19, 12, Æðelborene cild vel freóbearn liberi, Ælfc. Gl. 91; Wrt. Voc. 1, 67: Apol. Th. 19, 21. v. beran.
æðdel-borennes, -ness, e; f. Nobleness of birth; nobilitas :-- Ic ðíne æðelborennesse geseó I see the nobleness of thy birth, Apol. Th. 15, 18.
Æðelbryht, -berht, -briht, es; m. [æðele, bryht bright, excellent. v. beorht]. 1. Ethelbert king of Kent, for fifty-six years, from A.D. 560-616. Ethelbert was converted to Christianity by the preaching of St. Augustine: v. Augustinus :-- A. D. 560 [MS. 565], hér, féng Æðel-bryht [MS. Æðelbriht] to Cantwara ríce here, A. D. 560, Ethelbert succeeded to the kingdom of Kent, Chr. 565; Erl. 17, 18. Ðá wæs ymb syx hund wintra and iyxtyne winter fram Drihtnes mennyscnesse, ðæt wæs ymb án and twentig wintra ðæs ðe Agustinus, mid his geferum, to læ-acute;ranne on Angel þeóde sended wæs, ðæt Æðelbryht Cantwara cyning æfter ðam hwílendlícan ríce ðæt he six and fíftig wintra wundorlíce hæfde, and ðá to ðam heofonlícan ríce mid gefeán astáh anno ab incarnatione Dominica sexcentesimo decimo sexto, qui est annus vicesimus primus, ex quo Augustinus cum sociis ad prædicandum genti Anglorum missus est, Æthelbryhtus [Æthelberht] rex Cantuariorum, post regnum temporale, quod quinquaginta et sex annis gloriosissime tenuerat, æterna cœlestis regni gaudia subiit. Bd. 2, 5; S. 506, 5-9. Hér forþférde Æðelbryht [MS. Æðelberht] Cantware cining, se ríxade lvi wintra here, A. D. 616, Ethelbert king of the Kentish people died, who reigned fifty-six years, Chr. 616; Erl. 21, 37. 2. Æðelbryht, es; m. Ethelbert the second; Æthelbryhtus, the second son of Æthelwulf. This Ethelbert, after the lapse of 239 years from the death of Ethelbert the first in 616, became king of Kent, Essex, Surrey, and Sussex, for five years, from 855 to 860; he succeeded to Wessex on his brother's death, in 860, and reigned five years more over these five counties, from 860 to 865 ; he was therefore king for ten years, from A. D. 855-865 :-- A. D. 855, ðá féngon Æðelwulfes ii suna to ríce; Æðelbald to Westseaxna ríce; and Æðelbryht to Cantwara ríce, and to Eástseaxena rice, and to Súþrigean, and to Súþseaxena ríce then, A.D. 855, Æthelwulf's two sons succeeded to the kingdom; Æthelbald to the kingdom of the West Saxons, and Ethelbert to the kingdom of Kent, and to the kingdom of the East Saxons, and to Surrey, and to the kingdom of the South Saxons, Chr. 855; Th. 129, 16-22, col. i. A. D. 860, hér, Æðelbald cyning forþférde, and féng Æðelbryht to eallum ðam ríce his bróðor, and se Æðelbryht [MS. Æðelbriht] rícsode v gear here, A. D. 860, king Æthelbald died, and Ethelbert succeeded to all the kingdom [Wessex] of his brother, and Ethelbert reigned five years. Chr. 860; Erl. 71, 3-10.
æðel-cund; adj. Of noble kind or origin, noble; nobilis originis :-- Æðelcunde mægþ the noblewoman. Exon. 119 b; Th. 459, 18; Hö. 1.
æðel-cundnes, -ness, e; f. Nobleness, nobility; nobilitas :-- Mid micelre æðelcundnesse with great nobleness, Bt. 19; Fox 68, 31.
æðel-cyning, es; m. The noble king, used for Christ; rex nobilis, Christus :-- Crisles onsýn, æðelcyninges wlite Christ's countenance, the noble king's aspect, Exon. 21 a; Th. 56, 27; Cri. 907. Æðelcyninges ród the cross of the noble king, Elen. Kmbl. 437; El. 219: Andr. Kmbl. 3354; An. 1681.
æðel-duguþ, e; f. A noble attendance; comitatus nobilis :-- Hine ymbútan æðelduguþ, eádig engla gedryht around him a noble attendance, a blessed train of angels, Exon. 22 b; Th. 62, 36; Cri. 1012.
æðele, eðele; comp. -ra; swp. -ast, -est, -use; adj. I. noble, eminent, not only in blood or by descent, but in mind, excellent, famous, singular; nobilis, generosus. præstabilis, egregius, excellens :-- Se eorl wæs æðele the earl was noble, Cd. 59; Th. 72, 5; Gen. 1182. He sægde Habraharne, æðeles geþingu he told to Abraham the promises of the noble, Andr. Kmbl. 1512; An. 757. Æðelan cynnes of noble race, Cd. 154; Th. 192, 6; Exod. 227. Æðelre gebyrde of noble birth, Bd. 2,15; S. 518, 37. Æðelum cempan to the noble champion, Andr. Kmbl. 460; An. 230. Ðære æðelan [cwéne] to the noble lady, Elen. Kmbl. 1085; El. 545. Wuldriaþ æðelne ordfruman they glorify the noble origin, Exon. 13b; Th. 25, 17; Cri. 402. Æðelum stencum with sweet odours, 64a; Th. 237, 7; Ph. 586: Cd. 75; Th. 92, 24; Gen. 1533. Ðone æðelan Albanum Albanum egregium. Bd. 1, 7; S. 476, 34. He wæs on his móde æðelra ðonne on woruld gebyrdum he was in his mind more noble than in worldly birth. Bd. 3, 19; S. 547, 26. Of ðam æðelestan cynne of the most noble race, 3, 19; S. 547, 25. Æðelast tungla the noblest of stars, Exon. 57 a; Th. 204, 6; Ph. 93: Ps. Th. 84, 10. Æðelust bearna. the noblest of heroes. Elen. Kmbl. 950; El. 476. II. noble, vigorous, young; nobilis, novellus :-- Ðine beam swá elebeámas æðele weaxen thy children grow like young olive-trees; sicut novellæ olivarum, Ps. Th. 127, 4: 143, 14. Swá swá æðele plantunga sicut nauellæ plantations, Ps. Spl. 143, 14. [O. Sax. eðili: O.Frs. ethel, edel: Out. Ger. edel: M.H.Ger. edele: O.H.Ger. edili: Dan. Swed. ädel: O.Nrs. aðal, n. natura, ingenium.] DER. ???einn-æðele, ge-, on-, un-.
Æðelflæ-acute;d, e; f. [æðele, flæ-acute;d] Æthelfled; Æthelfleda, The eldest and most intellectual daughter of king Alfred the Great, and sister of king Edward, the Elder. She married Æthelred, a Mercian nobleman, who was made viceroy of Mercia by king Alfred. He died in A. D. 912, Chr. Erl. 100, 30, and his widow Æthelfled governed Mercia most efficiently for about ten years :-- Hér com Æðelflæ-acute;d, Myrcna hlæ-acute;fdige, on ðone hálgan æ-acute;fen Inuentione Sanctæ Crucis, to Scergeate, and ðæ-acute;r ðá burh getimbrede; and, ðæs ilcan geáres, ða æt Bricge here, A. D. 912, Æthelfled, the lady of the Mercians, came to Scergeat [Sarrat?] on the holy eve of the Inventio Sanctæ Crucis [May third], and there built the burgh; and in the same year, that at Bridgenorth, Chr. 912; Th. 187; 6-10, col. 1: Chr. 913; Th. 186, 11-37, col. 2: Chr. 917; Th. 190, 37m col. 2: 192, 1, col. 2: Chr. 918; Th. 192, 7, col. 2: Th. Diplm. A. D. 886-899, 138, 5-11: 138, 29-32. Æthelfled died at Tamworth in A. D. 922. Ðá on ðæm setle Eádweard cyng ðæ-acute;r sæt [æt Steanforde], ðá gefór Æðelflæ-acute;d his swystar æt Tameworþige, xii nihtum æ-acute;r middum sumera. Ðá gerád he ða burg æt Tameworþige; and him cierde to eall se þeódscype on Myrcna lande, ðe Æðelflæ-acute;de æ-acute;r underþeóded wæs then, while king Edward was tarrying there [at Stamford], Æthelfled his sister died at Tamworth, twelve nights before midsummer. Then rode he to the borough of Tamworth; and all the population in Mercia turned to him, which before was subject to Æthelfled, Chr. 922 ; Erl. 108, 22-26.
æðelian; p. ode; pp. od; trans. To ennoble, improve; nobilitare. DER. ge-æðelian, un-.
æðel-íc; adj. [æðele noble. líc like] Noble, excellent; egregius :-- Æðelíc onginn a noble beginning, Andr. Kmbl. 1775; An. 890; Stenc æðelícra eallum eorþan frætwum [MS. frætwa] a nobler odour than all earth's ornaments, Exon. 96a; Th. 358, 19; Pa. 48.
æ-acute;ðe-líc j adj. [æ-acute;ðe = eáðe easy; adj. líc like] Easy; facilis :-- Gif ðú ne wilt us geþafian in swá æ-acute;ðelícum þinge si non vis assentire nobis in tam facili causa, Bd. 2, 5; S. 507, 26. v. eáðelíc.
æðel-íce; adv. Nobly, elegantly; nobiliter, insigniter. Cot. 77. v. æðel-líce.
æðeling, es; m. [æðele, -ing son of, originating from]. I. the son of a king, one of royal blood, a nobleman, used also in poetry for the king, God, and Christ; regia suboles, vir nobilis :-- Se iunga æðeling regius juvenis, Bd. 2, 12; S. 514, 27: 3, 21; S. 550, 40: 2, 14; S. 517, 22. Æðelinges beam the prince's child, Beo. Th. 1780; B. 888. Be sumum Rómániscum æðelinge by a certain Roman nobleman, Bt. 16, 2 ; Fox 52, 19. Crist Nergende! wuldres Æðeling! Saviour Christ! Prince of Glory! Exon. 10a; Th. 10, 26; Cri. 158. Ðá se Æðeling cwom in Betlem when the Prince came in Bethlehem, 14a; Th. 28, 18; Cri. 448. Æðelstán cyning and his bróðor eác, Eádmund æðeling king Æthelstan and his brother also, Edmund the noble. Chr. 938; Th. 200, 33; Æðelst. 3. Éce is se æðeling the creator [atheling] is eternal, Exon. 60b; Th. 220, 12; Ph. 319: 119b; Th. 459, 21; Hö. 3. Stód æfter man-???drihtne eard and éðel, æfter ðam æðelinge [his] land and dwelling-place stood after [waiting for] the man-lord, the chieftain, 207; Th. 256, 10; Dan. 638. II. man generally, in pl. men, people, used in a good and noble sense, as a derivative of æðele noble; homo, homines :-- Ðæs æðelinges ellen dohte the man's courage was good, Cd. 64; Th. 78, 4; Gen. 1288. Ða nú æðelingas, ealle eorþ-búend, Ebréi hátaþ which people now, all dwellers upon earth, call Hebrews, 79; Th. 99, 17; Gen. 1647. Héht him ceósan æðelingas he commanded him to choose men, go; Th. 112, 9; Gen. 1868: 58; Th. 70, 31; Gen. 1161. DER. sib-.
Æðelinga ígg, eig, e; f. The island of nobles, Athelney; nobilium insula :-- Æt Æðelinga ígge apud nobilium insulam. Chr. 878; Th. 146, 42, col. 2. Wið..., Th. 148, 31, col. 2 : Chr. 879; Th. 148, 30, col. 3.
æðel-líc; adj.Noble; nobilis, Andr. Kmbl. 1775 ; An. 890. v. æðel-íc, æðele.
æðel-líce, æðel-íce; adv. Nobly; nobiliter :-- Wæs se wer on hálgum gewritum æðellíce gelæ-acute;red vir erat sacris litteris nobiliter instructus, Bd. 5, 23; S. 646, 17: 4, 26; S. 603, 9: 2, 1; S. 501, 8.
æðel-nes, -nys, -nyss, e; f. Nobility; nobilitas, Bd. 2, 20; S. 522, 7: Ps. Th. 118, 142, [MS. æðeles.]
æðelo; indecl. in sing; pl. nom. acc. æðelu, æðelo; gen. æðela; dat. æðelum; n. Nobility, pre-eminence, origin, family, race, nature, talents, genius; nobilitas, principatus, origo, natales, prosapia, natura, indoles, ingenium :-- Ic læ-acute;re ðæt ðú fægenige óðerra manna gódes and heora æðelo I advise that thou rejoice in other men's good and their nobility, Bt. 30, 1; Fox 108, 31. His æðelo bióþ on ðam mode his nobility is in the mind, 30, 1; Fox 110, 1. Ryht æðelo biþ on ðam móde, næs on ðam flæ-acute;sce true nobility is in the mind, not in the flesh, Bt. 30, 2; Fox 110, 19. Him frumbearnes riht freóbróðor óþþah, eád and æðelo his own brother had withdrawn from him his wealth and pre-eminence, Cd. 160; Th. 199, 15; Exod. 339. Ealdaþ eorþan blæ-acute;d æðela gehwylcre earth's produce of every nature grows old, Exon. 33 a; Th. 104, 28; Gú. 14, Hwæt his æðelu síen which his origin is, 69b; Th. 259, 23; Jul. 286. Sindon him æðelum óðere twegen beornas geborene bróðorsibbum to him in his family are two other men born in brotherly relationship, Andr. Kmbl. 1377; An. 689. þurh ðíne wordlæðe æðelum écne through thy discourse great with talents, 1271; An. 636. He eówer æðelu can he
ÆÐELRÆ-acute;D -- ÆT-SACAN. 23
knows your nobility. Beo. Th. 790; B. 392: 3745; B. 1870. DER. fæder-æðelo, riht-.
Æthelræ-acute;d. Æðelréd, Æðeréd, es; m. [æðele noble, ræ-acute;d counsel] Ælhelred, a Mercian nobleman, the viceroy or governor of the Mercians; Æthelréd, Æthelrédus. He married Æthelfled, the eldest and most intellectual daughter of king Alfred the Great. He styles himself sub-regulus in subscribing his name to a charter of king Alfred A. D. 889, -- Ego Æthelréd, subregulus et patricius Merciorum, hanc donationem signo crucis subscripsi, Th. Diplm. 136, 21. His wife simply writes, -- Ego Æthelflæd consensi, Th. Diplm. 136, 23. Ríxiendum ussum Dryhtene ðæm Hæ-acute;lendan Crist. Æfter ðon ðe agán wæs ehta hund wintra and syx and hund nigontig efter his acennednesse, and ðý feówerteóðan gebonngére [v. geban II], ðá ðý gére gebeón [p. of gebannan] Æðelréd ealderman alle Mercna weotan tosomne to Gleaweceastre, biscopas, and aldermen, and alle his duguþe; and ðæt dyde be Ælfrédes cyninges gewitnesse and leáfe under the rule of our Lord Jesus Christ. When 896 winters were passed after his birth, and in the fourth indiction year, then in that year Æthelred alderman assembled all the witan of the Mercians together at Gloucester, bishops, and aldermen, and all his nobility; and did that with the knowledge and leave of king Alfred, Th. Diplm. A. D. 896; 139, 4-16. Æthelred died in A.D. 912. Her gefór Æðelréd, ealdorman on Myrcum here, A. D. 912, died Æthelred, alderman of the Mercians, Chr. 912; Erl. 101, 46. His widow, Æthelfled, governed Mercia about ten years, with great vigour and success, under her brother, king Edward the Elder, Chr. 922 ; Erl. 108, 22-26. v. Æðelflæ-acute;d.
Æðelréd, Æðeréd, es; m. [æðele, réd = ræ-acute;d counsel]. 1. Æthelred, third son of Æthelwulf, and brother of Alfred the Great. Æthelred was king of Wessex for five years, A.D. 866-871; Æthelred, Æthelrédus :-- Hér féng Æðelréd to West Seaxna ríce here, A. D. 866, Æthelred succeeded to the kingdom of the West Saxons, Chr. 866; Erl. 73, 1. Æfter Eástron gefór Æðelréd [MS. Æðeréd] cining; and he rícsode [MS. ríxade] v gear after Easter [A. D. 871] king Æthelred died; and he reigned five years, 871; Erl. 77, 1. 2. Æðelréd Æthelred Atheling, the second son of Edgar. Æthelred was king of Wessex, Mercia, and Northumbria, for thirty-eight years, A.D. 978-1016 :-- Hér, Æðelréd æðeling féng to ðam ríce here [A. D. 978] Æthelred Atheling succeeded to the kingdom, Chr. 978; Th. 232, 3, col. 1. A.D. 1016, Ðá gelamp hit ðæt se cyning Æðelréd forþférde then, A. D. 1016, it happened that king Æthelred died, 1016; Erl. 155, 15. 3. Æðelréd, Æðeréd Æthelred, a Mercian nobleman. Th. Diplm. A.D. 896; 139, 11: Chr. 912; Erl. 101, 46. v. Æðelræ-acute;d.
Æðelstán, es; m. [æðele, stán stone] Athelstan, the eldest son of Edward the Elder. Athelstan, who gained a complete victory over the Anglo-Danes in the battle of Brunanburh, in A. D. 937, was king of Wessex fourteen years and ten weeks, from A.D. 925-940 :-- A.D. 925, her, Eádweard cyning [MS. cing] forþférde and Æðelstán his sunu féng to ríce here, A. D. 925, king Edward died, and Athelstan his son succeeded to the kingdom. Chr. 925; Erl. 110, 19. A. D. 940, hér, Æðelstán cyning forþférde, and Eádmund Æðeling féng to ríce, and Æðelstán cyning rícsode xiv geár, and teon wucan here, A. D. 940, king Athelstan died, and Edmund Atheling succeeded.to the kingdom, and king Athelstan reigned fourteen years and ten weeks, Chr. 940; Th. 209, 13-23, col. 1.
æðel-stenc, es; m. A noble odour; odor nobilis, Exon. 58 b; Th. 211, 10; Ph. 195.
æðel-tungol, es; m. A noble star; sidus nobile, Exon. 60 a; Th. 218, 5; Ph. 290: 52a; Th. 181,4; Gú. 1288.
Æðel-wulf, es; m. [æðele noble, wulf a wolf] Æthelwulf; Æthelwulfus; eldest son of Egbert and father of Alfred the Great. Æthelwulf was king of Wessex, from A. D. 837 (v. Ecgbryht) -855 :-- A.D. 837 [MS. 836], hér, Ecgbryht cyning forþférde, and féng Æðelwulf his sunu to Westseaxna ríce here, A. D. 837, king Ecgbryht died, and Æthelwulf his son succeeded to the kingdom of the West Saxons, Chr. 836; Th. 117, 34, col. 1. A. D. 855, her, Æðelwulf cyning gefór here, A. D. 855, king Æthelwulf died. Chr. 855; Erl. 68, 24.
Æðeréd, es; m. The name of a king and a Mercian nobleman. Chr. 867; Th. 130, 22, cols, 1, 2, 3; Th. 131, 22, cols. 1, 3: Chr. 912; Erl. 100, 30. v. Æðelréd 1, Æðelræ-acute;d.
æt-híde, æt-hýde Put out of the hide, skinned, bowelled; excoriatus, ???Got. 42.
æt-hindan; adv. At the back, behind, after; a tergo, pone, post :-- Se cyning férde him æthindan the king went after them, Chr. 1016; Th. i. 282, 17.
æt-hleápan; p. -hleop, pl. -hleopon; pp. -hleápen; v. intrans. To leap out, to flee, escape, get away; aufugere, evadere :-- Ðéh þráéla hwylc hláforde æthleápe a domino suo servus si quis aufugerit, Lupi Serm. 1, 13; Hick. Thes. ii. 103, 4.
æt-hlýp, es; m. [æt to, hlýp a leap] An assault; aggressus, assultus :-- For ðan æthlýpe for the assault, L. Ath. i. 6; Th. i. 202, 22. v. æ-acute;-hlýp.
ÆÐM, éðm, es; m. A vapour, breath, a hole to breathe through, a smell; halitus, spiritus, vapor :-- Hreðer æ-acute;ðme weóil his breast heaved with breathing, Beo. Th. 5180; B. 2593. Hú síd se swarta éðm seó how vast the black vapour may be, Cd. 228; Th. 309, 4; Sat. 704, [Plat, ádem, ám, m: O. Sax. áðom, m: O. Frs. ethma. ádema, óm, m: Dut. adem, m; Ger. athem, odem, m: M. H. Ger. átem, m: O. H. Ger. átam, átum, m. spiritus,GREEK OJ/JT vapor: Sansk. &a-long;tman breath, soul.] v. bræ-acute;þ.
æðmian; p. ode; pp. od [æ-acute;ðm vapour] To raise vapour, boil, to be heated, to be greatly moved; exæstuare, Scint. 30.
æt-hredan to deliver; eripere :-- Ic æthrede oððe ahredde eripio, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 3; Som. 30, 63.
æt-hreppian, Ettm. æt-hræppian, Som; p. ode; pp. od To rap at, to knock, dash about; impingere. v. hrepian.
æt-hrínan; p. -hrán, pl. -hrinon; pp. -hrinen To touch, take, move ; tangere, apprehendere, movere :-- Ðæt ic set-hrine ðín ut tangam te, Gen. 27, 21. He æt-hrán hyre hand tetigit manum ejus. Mt. Bos. 8, 15. Se unclæ-acute;na gást hine æt-hrínþ spiritus apprehendit eum, Lk. Bos. 9, 39. Nellaþ híg ðá mid heora fingre æt-hrínan digito autem suo nolunt ea movere, Mt. Bos. 23, 4.
æ-Þrýt; adj. Troublesome, tedious; molestus, Equin. vern. 38.
æ-þrýtnes, -ness, e; f. Trouble; molestia, Lye. v. a-þrotennes.
æt-hwá; pron. Each; quisque :-- Se is æt-hwám freónd which is to each a-friend, Exon. 95b; Th. 356, 22; Pa. 15.
æt-hwæga, æt-hwega, æt-hwegu Somewhat, about, in some measure, a little; aliquantum, aliquantulum, aliquatenus, R. Ben. interl. 73. Scíres wínes drince æt-hwæga let him drink somewhat of pure wine, L. M. 2, 59; Lchdm, ii. 284,5. Æt-hwega yfel wæ-acute;te biþ gegoten on ðæt lim whatever evil humour is secreted on the limb, L. M. 2, 59; Lchdm, ii. 284, 28. v. hwæt-hwæga in hwset, hwega.
æt-hweorfan; p. -hwearf, pl. -hwurfon; pp. -hworfen [æt, hweorfan to turn] To turn, return; accedere, reverti :-- Hwilum on beorh æt-hwearf sometimes he turned to the mount, Beo. Th. 4587; B. 2299.
æt-hwón; adv. Almost; paene, fere. v. hwón.
æt-hýde Put out of the hide, skinned; excoriatus. v. æt-híde.
æt-irnan; p. -arn, pl. -urnon; pp. -urnen; v. intrans. To run away; egredi :-- Ðá ætarn he út et egressus est foras, Gen. 39, 12. v. yrnan.
æt-is is present; adest, Mk. Bos. 4, 29; 3rd pres. of æt-eom,
æt-íwedness, e; f. A shewing, manifestation; ostensio :-- Wæs on wéstenum óþ ðone dæg hys ætíwednessum on Israhel erat in desertis usque in diem ostensionis suæ ad Israel, Lk. Bos. 1, 80. v. æt-ýwnys.
æt-lædan; p. de; pp. ed To lead out, drive away; abigere :-- Ðæt ðú ætlæ-acute;ddest me míne dóhtra ut clam me abigeres filias meas. Gen. 31, 26.
æt-lætness, e; f. Desolation, destruction; desolatio, Somn. 323.
æt-licgan; p. -læg, pl. -læ-acute;gon; pp. -legen To lie still or idle; inutilem jacere :-- Ðæt Godes feoh ne ætlicge ne Dei pecunia jaceat, Ælfc, Gr. pref ; Som. 1, 27.
æt-lútian [lútan to lurk] To lie hid; latere, Jud. 4,18.
Ætne, es; m. Etna, Bt. 15; Fox 48, 20: 16, 1; Fox 50, 5. v. Etna.
æt-níman; p. -nam, pl. -námon; pp. -numen To take from, to take away; demere, adimere :-- Ne wolde him beorht fæder bearn ætníman the glorious father would not take the child away from him. Cd. 162 ; Th. 204, 5 ; Exod. 414.
æt-nýhstan; adv. At last; tandem, Bd. 2, 2 ; S. 502, 26. v. nyhst.
ætol, ætol-man, ætul-man A glutton; edax. v. etol.
æ-acute;ton ate, Mt. Bos. 13, 4; p. of etan.
æ-acute;tor Poison; venenum. v. æ-acute;tor-cyn, átor.
æ-acute;tor-cyn, -cynn, es; n. The poison-kind; veneni genus :-- Æ-acute;torcyn gewurdon onwæcned the poison-kinds arose, Salm. Kmbl. 437; Sal. 219. v. átor, etc.
ætren, æ-acute;ttren, æ-acute;tem, æ-acute;ttern; adj. Poisonous; venenosus :-- Æ-acute;ttren wæs ellorgæst the strange guest was poisonous. Beo. Th. 3238; B. 1617. Me of bósme fareþ æ-acute;tren onga from my bosom comes a poisonous sting, Exon. 106 b; Th. 405,18; Rä. 24, 4: Ps. Th. 139, 3. Him æt heortan stód æ-acute;tterne ord [sc. gáres] the poisonous point[ the spear] stood in his heart. Byrht. Th. 136, 4; By. 146: Frag. Kmbl. 37; Leás. 20: L. M. 1, 45; Lchdm. ii. 112, 24.
æ-acute;tren-mód; adj. Venom-minded; malitiosus :-- Æ-acute;trenmód mon a venom-minded man, Exon, 91b; Th. 343, 26; Gn. Ex. 163.
æ-acute;trian, æ-acute;ttrian; p. ede; pp. ed; v. trans, [æ-acute;tor = átor poison] To poison, envenom; venenare :-- For æ-acute;tredum gescotum from poisoned arrows, Ors. 3, 9; Bos. 68, 38; MS. C.
æt-rihte; adv. [æt at, rihte rightly, justly, well] Rightly or justly at, near, at hand, almost; pæne, haud multum abest quin :-- Ætrihte wæs gúþ getwæ-acute;fed, nymþe mec God scylde, the contest had almost been finished, had not God shielded me, Beo. Th. 3319; B. 1657. Wæs him endedógor ætryhte his final day was near, Exon. 49 b; Th. 171, 12; Gú. 1125: 47a; Th. 162, 4; Gú. 970.
æt-rihtost; adv. By and by, presently; mox. v. æt-rihte; adv.
æt-ryhte Nearly, almost; pæne. Exon. 47a; Th. 162, 4; Gú. 970: Exon. 49b; Th. 171, 12; Gu. 1125. v. æt-rihte.
æt-sacan; p. -sóc, pl. -sócon; pp. -sacen; v. a. n. [æt, sacan to charge, accuse] To deny, disown, abjure: negare, detestari, abjurare. -- Ðá ætsacaþ ðæs ærýstes qui negant esse resurrectionem, Lk. Bos. 20, 27: L. Ath. i. 4;
24 ÆT-SÆCST -- Æ-acute;W.
Th. i. 202, 2: i. 6; Th. i. 202, 12, 13. Ðá ætsóc he at ille negavit, Mk. Bos. 14, 68: Lk. Bos. 22, 57. Ðá ætsóc he and swerede tuve cœpit detestari et jurare. Mt. Bos. 26, 74. Ðá ongan. he ætsacan and swerian Ille autem cœpit anathematizare et jurare, Mk. Bos. 14, 71. v. sacan.
æt-sæcst shalt deny; fat. of æt-sacan :--þríwa ðú me ætsæcst ter me negabis, Mk. Bos. 14, 72 : KK. Bos. 22, 34, 61. v. sacan.
æt-samne; adv. In a sum, together :-- Begen æt-samne both together, Chr. 937; Th. 206, 18, col. l; Æðelst. 58. Ealle ætsamne all together, Ps. Th. 148, 18. v. æt-somne.
æt-sceófan To shove away; removere, Leo. 239. v. scúfan.
æt-sittan; p. -sæt .pl. -sæ-acute;ton; pp. -seten; v.intrans. To sit by, to remain, stay, wait; adsidere :-- Ðá ætsæ-acute;ton ða Centiscan ðæ-acute;r beæftan then the Kentish men remained there behind, Chr. 905; Th. 180, 31, col. 1.
æt-slídan; ,p. -slád, pl. -slidon; pp. -sliden [æt from, away; v. æt 1.2: slidan labi] To slip or slide away; labi, elabi :-- Ic ætslíde labor, Ælfc. Gr. 29; Som. 33, 43: 35; Som. 38, 10. Ðæt hira fót ætslíde ut labatur pes eorum, Deut. 32, 35.
æt-somne, æt-samne; adv. In a sum, at once, together; una, simul, pariter :-- Éardiaþ ætsomne habitant simul, Deut. 25, 5. Ic gongan gefregn gingran ætsomne I have understood that the disciples went together, Cd. 224; Th. 298, 2 ; Sat. 526. Wæ-acute;r is ætsomne Godes and monna a covenant is together of God and men, Exon. 16 a; Th. 36, 29; Cri. 583. Blód and wæter bú tú ætsomne út bicwóman blood and water both together came out, 2411; Th. 68, 34; Cri. 1113. Tyne ætsomne ten together. Beo. Th. 5687; B. 2847. Ealle ætsomne omnes pariter, Bd. 2, 13; S. 515, 38: Ps. Th. 87, 17. v. somne.
æt-speornan, -spornan ðú -spyrnst, he -spyrnþ; p. -spearn,p. -spurnon; pp. -spornen; v. trans. To stumble, spurn at, dash or trip against, mistake; cæspitare, offendere ad aliquid, impingere :-- He .etspyrnþ he stumbleth; offendit, Jn. Bos. 11, 9, 10. Ðe-læs ðe ðín fót æt stáne ætsporne ne forte offendas ad lapidem pedem tuum, Mt. Bos. 4, 6, Ðe-læs ðú ætspurne [Lamb, ætsporne] æt stáne fót ðínne ne forte offendas ad lapidem pedem tuum, Ps. Spl. 90, 12. Ætspornen [MS. ætspurnan] ic wæs offensus fui, Ps. Lamb. 95, 10.
æt-springan, -sprincan; p.-sprang, -spranc, pl. -sprungon; pp. -sprungen; v. intrans. To spring out; prosilire :-- Blód ætspranc the blood sprang out, Beo. Th. 2247; B. 1121.
æt-springnes, -ness, e; f. A springing out, falling off, despondency; defectio, defectio animi, Ps. Spl. T. 118, 53.
æt-spurne offendas. Ps. Spl. 90, 12; subj. p. of æt-speornan, q. v.
æt-spyrning An offence, a stumbling, stumbling-block; offensio, scan-dalum. DER. speornan.
ætst shalt eat; comedes :-- Ðú ætst thou shall eat. Gen. 3, 17; for ytst, Gen. 3, 18. DER. etan to eat.
æt-standan.; ic -swnde, ðú -standest, -stentst, he -standeþ, -stent, -stynt, pl. -standaþ; p. -stód, pl. -stódon; pp. -standen. I. v. intrans. To stand, stand still, stop, stand near, rest, stay, stand up; stare, adstare, restare, requiescere :-- Íran on wealle ætstód the iron stoord in the wall, Beo. Th. 1787; B. 891. Ðá ætstód se Hæ-acute;lend then Jesus stood still, Mk. Bos. 10, 49. Ætstód ðæs blódes ryne stetit fluxus sanguinis, Lk. Bos. 8, 44. Ðá ætstód se arc requievit arca, Gen. 8, 4: Ps. Th. 106, 24: Lk. Bos. 7, 14. Ætstódon cyningas [Ps. Th. 2, 2, arísaþ] kings stood up; adstiterunt reges, Ps. Spl. 2, 2: 5, 4. Ic ætstande resto, Ælfc. Gr. 24; Som. 25, 62; Ælfc. T. 37, 6: L. Eth. ii. 9; Th. i. 290, 3. II. v. trans. To stop; obturere, claudere :-- Gif se mícða ætstanden sý if the water be stopped, Herb. 7, 3; Lchdm, i. 98, 5. Hí habbaþ ætstandene æ-acute;dran they have stopped veins, 4, 4; Lchdm, i. 90, 11.
æt-stapan, p. -stóp,;p/. -stópon; pp. -stapen To step forth, approach; accedere :-- He forþ ætstóp he stepped forth, Beo. Th. 1495; B. 745.
æt-steal, -steall, -stæl, -es; m. pl. nom. acc. -stalas [at a place, a fixed place] Station, camp station; -sedes, statio :-- Æt ðam ætstealle at the camp station, Wald. 37; Vald. 1, 21. Æt-stælle at the place. Exon. 35 a; Th. 112. 26; GG. 150. v. stæl.
æt-stent shall, stand; consistet :-- Seó eá ætstent on hire ryne the river shall stand in its course. Jos. 3, 13; fut. of æt-standan, q. v.
æt-stillan; p. ede; pp. ed To still; componere :-- Sió cwacung sóna biþ ætstilled the quaking will soon be stilled, L. M. 1, 26; Lchdm, ii. 68, 11.
æt-swerian; p. -swór;.pp. -sworen To forswear, deny with an oath; abjurare, L. In. 35; Th. i. 124, ii, note.
æt-swymman; p. -swamm, pl. -swummon; pp. -swummen To swim out, swim; enatare. Chr. 918; Ing. 132,17, note m. v. æt; prep. 2.
ætten should eat, I. In. 42; Lambd. 8, 5; Wilk. 21, 24;.for æten, v. etan to eat.
æ-acute;tter, æ-acute;ttor, es; n. Poison; venenum. v. átor.
æ-acute;tter-berende; part. Poison-bearing, poisonous, venomous. v.átter-berende.
æ-acute;tter-loppe, an; f. [átor poison, loppe a silk worm, spinner of a web] A spider; atanea :-- And a-ýdlian oððe aswarcan oððe acwínan oððe aswindan ðú dydest swá swá æ-acute;tterloppan oððe ryngan sáwle his et tabescere fecisti sicut araneam animam ejus, Ps. Lamb. 38, 12; and thou madist his lijf to faile as an yreyne [Lot. aranea a spider], Wyc. v. átor-loppe.
æt-þringar To take away, deprive of; eripere :-- Ða ðé feorh ætþringan who may deprive thee of life, Andr. Kmbl, 2742; An. 1373.
æ-acute;ttren, æ-acute;ttern; adj. Poisonous; venenosus. Beo. Th. 3238; B. 1617: Byrht. Th. 136, 4; By. 146: Frag. Kmbl. 37; Leás. 20. v. æ-acute;tren.
æ-acute;ttrian; p. ede; pp. ed; v. trans. To poison, envenom; venenare. Pref. R. Conc. v. æ-acute;trian.
ættryn; adj. Poisonous; venenosus :-- Æ-acute;ttrynne ord the poisonous point, Byrht. Th. 133, 8; By. 47. v. æ-acute;tren.
æt-wæg took away, Beo. Th. 2401; B. 1198; p. of æt-wegan.
æt-wæsend, -wesend, -weosend [æt at, wesende being; part of wesan to be] At hand, approaching, hard by; imminens, Cot. 107.
æt-wegan; p, -wæg, pl. -wæ-acute;gon; pp. -wegen To take away; auferre :-- Hama ætwæg sigle Hama took away the jewel, Beo. Th. 2401; B. 1198. v. wegan.
æ-acute;t-wéla, an; m.Abundance of food, a feast; copia cibi, Exon. 100a; Th. 574, 8; Seel. 123.
æt-wenian j p. ede; pp. ed [æt fram, wenian to wean] To deliver from, wean; dissuescere, seducere, ablactare :-- Ðe híg deóflum ætweneþ who weaneth them from devils, L. C. S. 85; Th. i. 424, 13.
æt-wesan; p. ic, he -wæs, pl. -wæ-acute;ron [æt at, wesan to be] To be present; adesse :-- Wilferþ ætwæs, eác swylce ætwæ-acute;ron úre brúðru Wilfrid adfuit, adfuerunt et fratres nostri, Bd. 4, 5; S. 572, 12. [Goth. at-wisan.]
æt-wíndan; p. -wánd, pl. -wúndon; pp. -wúnden To wind off, turn away, escape, flee away; aufugere :-- Ic ána ætwánd effugi ego solus, Job Thw. 165, 27; Grn. Iob 1, 16: Beo. Th. 289; B. 143. Ic 'æ-acute;te híg ætwíndan to wuda dimitto eos avolare ad silvam, Coll. Monast. Th. 26, 3.
æt-wist, æd-wist, ed-wist, e; f. [æt, wist substantia, cibus] Substance, existence, being, presence; substantia, præsentia :-- God heora æ-acute;hta and ætwist on-genímeþ God takes their wealth and substance away. Cd. 60; Th. 73, 21; Gen. 1208. Se gæ-acute;st lufaþ onsýn and ætwist yldran hádes the spirit loves the aspect and substance of elder state, Exon. 40a; Th. 132, 11; Gú. 471. Him ðæt Crist forgeaf ðæt hý mótan his ætwiste brúcan Christ gave that to them, that they might enjoy his presence, 13 b; Th. 24, 29; Cri. 392: Gen. 7, 4.
æt-wítan; p. -wát, pl. -witon; pp. -witen To reproach, blame, upbraid; imputare, improperare, exprobrare :-- Ne sceolon me on ðære þeóde þegenas ætwítan the thanes of this people shall not reproach me. Byrht. Th. 138, 15; By. 220. Siððan Gúþláf and ósláf ætwiton weána dæ-acute;l since Guthlaf and Oslaf reproached him for a part of their woes. Beo. Th. 2304; B. 1150: Ps. Th. 88, 44: 73, 17: Ps. Spl. 31, 2. v. edwitan.
æt-ýcan; f. -ýcte; pp. -ýced, -ýct [æt, ýcan, écan to eke] To add to, augment, increase; adjicere :-- Se gesíþ ætýcte eác swylce his bénum, ðæt he his teáras geát the earl also added to his intreaties, that he shed tears, Bd. 5, 5; S. 617, 40: 4, 5; S. 573, 13.
æt-ýconys, -ýcnys, -nyss, e; f.An increase, addition; augmentum :-- Mid ætýccnysse cum augmento. Bd. 1, 27; S. 490, 24: 3, 22; S. 553, 14.
æ-týnan; p. de; pp. ed; v.a. [æ = a=on, un un; týnan to shut] To open; aperire :-- Dura heofones he ætýnde januas cœli aperuit, Ps. Spl. 77, 27. v. a-týnan.
æt-ys is present; adest, Mk. Jun. 4, 29. v. æt-eorn.
æt-ýwan; p. de; pp. ed. I. v. trans. To shew, reveal, manifest; ostendere, rnanifestare :-- Ðú me ætýwdest earfoðes feala ostendisti mihi tribulationes multas, Ps. Th. 70, 19: Exon. 121 b; Th. 465, 34; Ho. 114: Judth. 11; Thw. 24, 6; Jud. 174. Ðá him wearþ on slæ-acute;pe swefen ætýwed then was a dream revealed to him in sleep, Cd. 199; Th. 247, 13; Dan. 496: Exon. 31 a; Th. 96, 19; Cri. 1576. II. v. intrans. To appear; apparere, manifestari :-- Ealle ætýwaþ omnes apparuerint, Ps. Th. 91, 6. Deóful ætywde the devil appeared, Andr. Kmbl. 2338; An. 1170. Nolde æ-acute;fre siððan ætýwan would not ever afterwards appear, Cd. 73; Th. 89, 16; Gen. 1481. v. æteówian.
æt-ýwnys, -nyss, æt-ýwedness, æt-eówedniss, set-íwedness, e; f. A shewing, manifestation, laying open, a declaration; ostensio :-- Seó ætýwnys heofonlíces wundres miraculi cœlestis ostensio. Bd. 3, 11; S. 535, 23. Mid monigra heofonlícra wundra ætýwnysse miraculorum multorum ostensione, Bd. 1, 26; S. 488, 10. Óþ ætýwednessum, Lk. Foxe 1, 80.
æ-acute;w;, æ-acute;we, es; n.æ-acute; law], I, law, what is established by law, hence wedlock, marriage, a marriage vow; lex, matrimonium :-- Ðætte ryht æ-acute;w gefæstnod wæ-acute;re that just law might be settled, L. In pref; Th. i. 102, 9: 1; Th. i. 102, 16. Rihtum æ-acute;we legitimo matrimonio, Bd. 4, 6; S. 573, 7, note. Se man ðæt æ-acute;we brycþ homo qui adulterium committit, L. M. I. P. 15 ; Th. ii. 268, 28. II. a female bound by the law of marriage, a wife; conjux legitima, uxor justa :-- Se ðe hæfþ æ-acute;we he who has a wife; qui legitimam uxorem habet, L. M. I. P. 17; Th. ii. 270, 6. Gif ceorl wið óðres riht æ-acute;we hæ-acute;mþ si maritus cum alterius legitima uxore adulteraverit, 18; Th. ii. 270, 10. Se man, ðe his riht
Æ-acute;W -- A-FÆSTNIAN. 25
æ-acute;we forlæ-acute;t, and óðer wít nímþ, he biþ æ-acute;wbreca the man who forsakes his lawful wife [suam legitimam uxorem], and takes another woman [aliam mulierem], he is an adulterer, L. Ecg. P. ii. 8; Th. ii. 184, 21. Gif hwylc man wið óðres riht æ-acute;we hæ-acute;mþ, oððe wíf wið óðres gemæccan, fatte vii geár if any man commit adultery with the lawful wife [cum legitima uxore] of another, or a woman [mulier] with the husband of another, let the fast be seven years, ii. 10; Th. ii. 186, 6. vide æ-acute;.
æ-acute;w; adj. Lawful, legitimate, related by the law of marriage, married; legitimus, nuptus, germanus :-- Mid his æ-acute;wum wífe with his lawful wife, L. Alf. pol. 42; Th. i. 90, 26, 29. Æ-acute;we gebróðru brothers of the same marriage, own brothers; germani fratres, Bd. 1, 27; S. 490, 28.
æ-acute;wan, ðú æ-acute;west To despise, contemn, scorn; spernere, aversari :-- Ða ðú æ-acute;fre ne æ-acute;west ea tu nunquam spernis, Ps. C. 129.
æ-acute;w-breca, -brica, æ-acute;w-bryca, -an; m. [æ-acute;w marriage, breca a breaker] A breaker of the marriage vow, an adulterer; adulter :-- Se ðe his æ-acute;we forlæ-acute;t, and nímþ óðer wíf, he biþ æ-acute;wbryca [Wilk. æ-acute;wbrica] he who leaves his wife, and taketh another woman, he is an adulterer, L. M. I. P. 16; Th. ii. 268, 30.
æ-acute;w-bryce, es; m. A breaking of the marriage vow, adultery; adulterium :-- Wið æ-acute;ghwylcne æ-acute;wbryce against all kind of adultery, L. C. E. 34; Th. i. 374, 10: L. C. S. 51; Th. i. 404, 20: L. Edna. S; Th. i. 246, 8.
æ-acute;wda, an; m. A witness, one who affirms the truth by oath; fidejussor, consacramentalis :-- Hæbbe him in áþe óðerne æ-acute;wdan gódne let him have with him in the oath another good witness, L. Wih. 23; Th. i. 42,8. Mid gódura æ-acute;wdum by good witnesses, L. H. E. 2; Th. i. 28, 2.
æ-acute;wda-man, -mann, es; m. A witness; fidejussor, consacramentalis :-- Rim æ-acute;wdamanna a number of witnesses, L. H. E. 5; Th. i. 28, 12. v. æ-acute;wda.
æ-acute;we, es; n. Law; lex, L.M.I.P. 15; Th.ii. 268, 28. v. æ-acute;w.
æ-acute;-welm, -wellm, -wylm, -wylme, -wielme, es; m. [eá water, wælm a welling or boiling up] A welling up of water, spring, fountain, source, head of a river, beginning; aquæ fons :-- Swá sum mical æ-acute;welm and dióp as some great and deep spring, Bt. 34, l; Fox 134, 10. Seó eá cymþ eft to ðam æ-acute;welme the river comes again to the source, Fox 134, 17. Ðe mæg geseón ðone hluttran æ-acute;wellm who can behold the clear fountain, 35,6; Fox 166, 25. Gif he gesión mæ-acute;ge æðelne æ-acute;welm æ-acute;lces gódet [MS. goodes] if he may see the noble fountain of all good, 23, 7; Met. 23, 4: 20, 517; Met. 20, 259. Andlang Lígan óþ hire æ-acute;wylm along the Lea unto its source, L. A. G. 1; Th. i. 152, 9. Ðære æ-acute;wylme [MS. L. æ-acute;wielme] is neáh ðære eá Rínes whose spring is near the river Rhine, Ors. 1, 1; Bos. 18, 25. God is æ-acute;welm and fruma eallra gesceafta God is the beginning and origin of all creatures, Bt. Met. Fox 29, 161; Met. 10, St. v. eá-wylm.
æ-wén adj. [æ without, wen hope] Doubtful, uncertain; dubius :-- And eów biþ eówre lífæwéne and your life will be doubtful to you. Deut. 28, 66.
æ-acute;wen-bróðor a brother of the same marriage, an own brother; germanus, Cot. 97. v. æ-acute;w; adj.
æ-acute;-werd adj. [æ-acute; law, werd from werdan to corrupt] Perverse, froward, averse; perversus. v. wyrdan to corrupt.
æ-werdla, an; m. Damage, injury, L. In. 42; Th. i. 128, 10. v. æ-wyrdla.
æ-acute;w-fæst; adj. firm in observing the law, religious, bound by the law, married; religiosus, vinculo nuptiarum constrictus :-- Æ-acute;wfæst religiosus, Scint. 28. Æ-acute;wfæst man a married man, L. C. S. 51; Th. i. 404, 21. v. á-fæst.
æ-acute;w-fæsten, es; n. [æ-acute;w law, fæsten a fast] A fated or legal fast; legitimum jejunium :-- To æ-acute;wfæstene for the legal fast. Rubc. Lk. Bos. 3, 1a, notes, p. 578.
æ-acute;w-fæst-man a man bound by law, a married man; vinculo nuptiarum constrictus, L.C. S. 51; Th. i. 404, 21.
æ-acute;w-festnys, -nyss, e; f. Religion, piety; religio, pietas. v. æ-acute;festnes.
æ-acute;-wintre; adj. [æ-acute; = æ-acute;n = án one] Of one winter or year, continuing for a year. v. án-wintre.
æ-acute;-wintre-cyning, es; m. A king or ruler for one winter or year, a consul; consul, v. winter; g. wintres.
æ-acute;wisc, e; f. A dishonour, disgrace, offence; dedecus, scandalum :-- Cwæþ ðæt him to micel æ-acute;wisce wæ-acute;re said that it would be much disgrace to them, Ors. 4, 6; Bos. 86, 26. On æ-acute;wisce in scandalum, Ps. Th. 68, 23. [Goth. aiwisks, n. dedecus.]
æ-acute;wisc; adj. Disgraced, ashamed, abashed; dedecoratus. v.æ-acute;wisc-mód.
æ-acute;wisc-berende; part. Bearing disgrace, unchaste, lewd, unclean, shameless, impudent; impudicus. v. æ-acute;wisc, berende bearing.
æ-acute;wisc-mód; adj. Disgraced in mind, ashamed, abashed; dedecoratus animo, pudore suffusus :-- Ides, æ-acute;wiscmód, andswarode the woman, disgraced in mind, answered, Cd. 42; Th. 55, 18; Gen. 896. Ðæt he aswiscmód eft síðade, heán, hyhta leás that he abashed returned, depressed, void of hopes. Exon. 46a; Th. 157, 23; Gú. 896: 80b; Th. 302, 16; Fä 37. Gewiton hym ða Norþmen Dyflin sécan æ-acute;wiscmóde then the Northmen departed, abashed in mind, to seek Dublin, Chr. 938; Th. 207, 16, col. 1; Æðelst. 56.
æ-acute;wisc-nys, -ness, e; f. Disgrace, obscenity, filthiness, a blushing for shame, reverence; dedecus, obscenitas, pudore suffusio, reverentia -- Æ-acute;wiscnys reverentia, Ps. Spl. C. 34, 30. On æ-acute;wiscnesse openly, as not being ashamed to be seen; in propatulo. Cot. 110, 202.
æ-acute;-wita, an; m. [æ lex, wita gnarus homo, sapiens] One skilled in the law, a counsellor; legis peritus, consiliarius: -- Ealdum æ-acute;witan ageaf andsware gave answer to the old counsellor, Elen. Kmbl. 907; El. 455.
æ-acute;w-líc; adj. Lawful; legitimus, Procem. R. Conc. v. æ-acute;-líc.
æ-acute;wnian; p. ode; pp. od [æ-acute;w marriage] To marry, wed; connubio jungere, Leo 104. DER. be-æ-acute;wnian.
æ-acute;-wrítere, es; m. A writer, composer or framer of laws; legurn conditor, Prov. 8.
æwul A wicker-basket with a narrow neck for catching fish, a WEEL; nassa, Ælfc. Gl. 102 ; Som. 77, 85; Wrt. Voc. 56, 9.
æ-acute;wum-boren; part. Lawfully born, born in wedlock; legitimo matrimonio natus :-- Æ-acute;t his déhter æ-acute;wuin-borenre with his lawfully-born daughter, L. Alf. pol. 42; Th. i. 90, 28. v. æ-acute;w.
æ-acute;wunge; adv. Openly, publicly; manifeste :-- On æ-acute;wunge openly, abroad, in the sight of all; in propatulo. v. eáwunga, eáwunge.
æ-acute;-wylm, es; m. A spring, fountain, source :-- Andlang Lígan óþ hire æ-acute;wylm along the Lea unto its source, L.A.G. 1; Th. i. 152, 9. v. æ-acute;-welm.
æ-wyrdla, -werdla, an; m. Damage, detriment, injury; detrimentum :-- He sóna mycle wonunge and æwyrdlan wæs wyrcende ðære mærwan cyrican weaxnesse magno tenellis ibi adhuc ecclesiæ crementis detrimento fuit, Bd. 2, 5; S. 506, 37: 1, 3; S. 475, 21; Herb. 141; Lchdm, i. 262, 11. v. æf-wyrdla.
æ-wyrp, es; m. [æ=a from, wyrp a cast, from wyrpan or weorpan to cast] A cast-away, throwing away; abjectus, abjectio :-- Æwyrp folces abjectio populi, R. Ben. 7.
ÆX = ÆCS, æsc, acas, e; f: acase, axe, an; f. what is brought to an edge, An AXE, a hatchet, pickaxe; securis, ascia :-- Eallunga ys seó æx to ðæra treówa wurtrumum asett jam enim securis ad radicem arborum posita est, Mt. Bos. 3, 10. Mid æxum with axes, Ps. Th. 73, 6. On æxe in securi. Ps. Spl. 73, 7. Forðon seó æx [MS. H. sió æsc; seó eax B.] biþ melda, nalles þeóf because the axe is an informer, not a thief; quia securis acclamatrix potius est, non fur, L. In. 43; Th. i. 128, 23.[O.Sax. acus, f: N. Dut. akse, f: Ger. axt, f: M.H. Ger. ackes, f: O. H. Ger. achus. f; Goth.. aqizi,f; Dan. ökse: Swed, yxa: O. Nrs. öx, f; Lat. ascia, f; Grk.GREEK af-wj.]
æx, e;f. An axis; axis, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 28; Som. 11, 45. v. eax.
æxe, an; f. Ashes, Ps. Spl. T. 101, 10. v. axe, asce.
æxian; p. ode To ask; rogare :-- Æxodon asked; interrogaverunt, Ps. Spl. T. 136, 3. v. acsian.
af-=æf-=of- of, from, away from; de, ex, ab. v. æf-, of-: af-ged an idol.
. a-fæ-acute;ded; part. [for a-féded; pp. of a-fédan to feed, nourish] Fed, nourished, brought up, educated; nutritus, Bd. 1, 27; S. 489, 37.
a-fæged, -fægd; part. Depicted, drawn; depictus :-- Bæ-acute;ron anlícnysse Drihtnes Hæ-acute;lendes on brede afægde and awritene ferebant imaginem Domini Salvatoris in tabula depictam, Bd. 1, 25; S. 487, 4. T. a-fægrian.
a-fægniende rejoicing, = fægniende; part, of fægnian.
a-fægrian; p. ode; pp. od To make fair or beautiful, to adorn, embroider; depingere, ornare :-- Mid missendlícum blóstmum wyrta afægrod variis herbarum floribus depictus. Bd. 1, 7; S. 478, 22.
a-fælan, -fællan; p. de; pp. ed To overturn, overthrow, cast out, drive out, cause to stumble, offend; evertere, prosternere, ejicere, scandalizare, Mt. Rush. Stv. 21, 12: Mk. Rush. War. 3, 23: Mt. Rush. Stv. 18, 6. v. ge-fselan.
a-fæ-acute;man; p. de; pp. ed To foam out, breathe out; exspumare, ex-halare :-- Múþ ic ontýnde mínne wide, ðæt me mín oreþ fit afæ-acute;mde os meum aperui, et exhalavi spiritum. Ps. Th. 118, 131.
a-fæ-acute;ran; p. de; pp. ed [a, fæ-acute;ran to terrify] To make greatly afraid, to affright, terrify, dismay, astound; exterrere, perterrere, consternare, stupefacere :-- Ðæt heó afæ-acute;re fleógan on nette that she may terrify flies into her net. Ps. Th. 89, lo. Folc wæs afæ-acute;red the folk was affrighted, Cd. 166; Th. 206, 3; Exod. 446: Exon. 63b; Th. 23, 15; Ph. 525: Mk. Bos. 9, 6, 15: Lk. Bos. 24, 4. Hig wurdon ealle afæ-acute;rede erant omnes exterriti. Gen. 42, 35: Ex. 20, 18.
a-færþ he shall lead out, Ps. Spl. 51, 5. v. afaran II.
a-fæstan; p. -fæste; pp. -fested To fast; jejunare :-- He afæste to æ-acute;fenes he fasted till evening, Bd. 3, 23; S. 554, 32 : 3, 27; S. 559, 13.
afæstla; interj. O certainly! O assuredly! O certe :-- Afæstla, and hi lá hi, and wella well, and þyllíce óðre syndon Englisc interjectiones O certainly, and alas, and well well, and such other are English interjections, Ælfc. Gr. 48; Som. 49, 28.
a-fæstnian; p. ode; pp. od To fix, fasten or make firm, to strengthen, fortify, confirm, betroth, espouse, inscribe; munire, firmare, consignare libris, infigere :-- Ðæt we hí móton afæstnian on dé that we may fix them [our eyes] on thee, Bt. 33, 4; Fox 132,31: Bt. Met. Fox zo, 525 ; Met. 20, 263. Hu afæstaod wæs feld-húsa mæ-acute;st how that greatest of
26 A-FANDELÍC -- A-FLÓWAN.
field-houses was fastened. Cd. 146; Th. 183, 2; Exod. 85: 173; Th. 218, 17; Dan. 40. Ðe he on fíf bócum afæstnode which he inscribed in five books, Hexam. 1; Norm. 2, 18: Deut. 32, 23. Afæstnod ic eom injixus sum, Ps. Spl. 68, 2.
a-fandelíc probable, v. a-fandigendlíc.
a-fandian, -fandigean; p. ode, ude, ade; pp. od, ud, ad; v. a. To prove, try, to make a trial, to discover by trying, to experience; probare, tentare, experiri :-- Ðú afandodest heorte míne probasti cor meum, Ps. Spl. 16, 4. Lá líceteras, cunne ge afandian heofones ansyne and eorþan, húmeta ná afandige ge ðas tíde? hypocrite, faciem cœli et terras nostis probare, hoc autem tempus quomodo non probatis? Lk. Bos. 12, 56. Ðú hit hæfst afandad be ðé selfum thou hast experienced ii of thyself, Bt. 31, 1; Fox 112, 19. Seolfor afandod eorþan argentum probatum terras. Ps. Spl. 11, 7: 80, 7. Afandud, Gen. 43, 23. Afanda hwæðer Freá wille make a trial whether the Lord will, Cd. 101; Th. 134, 23; Gen. 2229.
a-fandigendlíc, -fandelíc, -fandodlíc; adj. What may be tried, proved, probable; probabilis, Scint. de prædest.
a-fandung, e; f. A trying; probatio, experientia, Scint. v. fandung.
a-fangen taken, received; assumptus, Mk. Bos. 16, 19. v. a-fón.
afara a son, Chr. 937; Th. 200, 41, col. 1; Æðelst. 7. v. eafora.
a-faran, he -færþ; p. -fór.pl. afóron; pp. -fáren. I. v.n. To depart, march, to go out of or from a place; exire, egredi :-- Hie of Egyptum fit afóron they marched out from Egypt, Cd. 173; Th. 217, 14; Dan. 6. II. v. act. To remove, lead out; emigrare :-- Afærþ ðé emigrabit te, Ps. Spl. 51, 5.
a-feallan; p.??? -feól, -feóll, pl. -feóllon; pp. -feallen To fall down; cadere :-- Ðæt hús afeóll domas cecidit. Lk. Bos. 6, 49: Cd. 202; Th. 251, 1; Dan. 557: Jud. 16, 30. Wearþ afeallen Æðelræ-acute;des eorl Ethelred's earl fell [in the battle], Byrht. Th. 137, 46; By. 202.
a-feccan To receive; accipere :-- He afecþ [MSS. C.T. onféhþ] me acceperit me. Ps. Spl. 48,16.
a-fedan; p. -fédde; pp. -féded, -féd To feed, nourish, rear, bring up; nutrire. cibare, alere, pascere :-- Heó bearn afédeþ she nourishes her child, Salm. Kmbl. 746; Sal. 372 : Ps. Th. 135, 26 : 83, 3. Ðæt ðú hí afédde mid ðý Godes worde that thou didst feed them with the word of God, Bd. 3, 5 ; S. 527, 34: Ors. 1, 6; Bos. 29, 10: Ps. Th. 94, 7 : 99, 3: Andr. Kmbl, 1177; An. 589. He wæs aféded he was brought up, 1367; An. 684. He wæs aféded and gelæ-acute;red he was reared and taught; nutritus atque eruditus est. Bd. 5, 20; S. 642, 16. Wearþ Iafeðe geóguþ aféded to Japhet was youth brought up, Cd. 78; Th. 96, 34; Gen. 1604: 82; Th. 102, 29 ; Gen. 1707. Ic eom aféd pascor, Ælfc. Gr. 33 ; Som. 36, 44. Ðá híg afédde wæ-acute;ron quibus adultis, Gen. 25, 27.
a-féhþ receives; suscipit, Ps. Spl. 47, 3. DER. a-féhan. v. féhan, fón.
a-fellan; p. de; pp. ed To fell; cædere, prosternere, L. In. 43; Th. i. 128, 23. v. a-fyllan.
a-felle barked; decorticatum, R. 115. v. æ-felle.
Afen, Afn, e; f: Afene, an; f. I. AVON, the name of a river in Somersetshire :-- East óþ Afene múþan east at the Avon's mouth. Chr. 918; Th. 190, 4. II. also of other rivers in different parts of England :-- Into Afenan múþan into Avon's mouth, Chr. 1067; Th. 342, 5.
aféng, aféngon took. Ps. Spl. 47, 8: 118, 16: p. of a-fón.
a-feohtan; p. -feaht, pl. -fuhton; pp. -fohten. I. to fight against, attack, assail; impugnare, expugnare :-- Bryttas Ongel þeóde afuhton the Britons fought against the English nation, Bd. 5, 23 ; S. 647, 1: 4, 26; S. 602, 25. Hí afuhton me expugnaverunt me, Ps. Th. 108, 2: Ps. Grn. 34, 1. II. to tear or pluck out; evellere :-- Æ-acute;r hit afohten foldan losige priusquam evellatur, Ps. Th. 128, 4. v. feohtan.
a-feoll fell; cecidit, Lk. Bos. 6, 49; p. of afeallan.
a-feormian, -igan; p. ode; pp. od; v. trans. [a intensive, feormian to cleanse] To cleanse, clean thoroughly, purge, wash away; mundare, emundare, permundare, diluere :-- Mid besmum afeormod scopis mundatus, Lk. Bos. 11, 25. He afeormaþ his þyrscelflóre permundabit aream suam. Mt. Bos 3, 12. Hyt ðone magan ealne afeormaþ it purges the whole stomach, Herb. 60, 3; Lchdm. i. 162, 19. Ic afeormige diluo, Æ-acute;lfc. Gr. 28, 3; Som. 30, 49. Hit afeormaþ of ealle ða nebcorn it will cleanse away all the face pimples. Herb. 22, 3; Lchdm, i. 118, 24.
a-feormung, e; f. A cleansing, purging; purgatio, Scint. 3.
a-feorran, -ferran, -firran, -fyrran; p. de, ode; pp. ed, od To remove, take away, expel; removere, elongare, amovere, auferre :-- Ðæs lícho-man fæger and his streón mágon beón afeorred the fairness of the body and its strength may be taken away. Bt. 32, 2; Fox 116, 31. Ðú afeorrodyst fram me freónd and nýhstan elongasti a me amicum et proximum, Ps. Spl. C. 87, 19: Cd. 219; Th. 282, 9; Sat. 284.
a-feorsian, -fersian, -firsian, -fyrsian; p. ode; pp. od. I. v. trans. To remove, take away, expel; removere, elongare, expellere :-- Ðe afeorsiaþ nine fram ðé qui elongant se a te, Ps. Spl. 72, 26: L. C. E. 4; Th. i. 360, 29, 11. v. intrans. To go away, depart; emigrare: -- Ic ná afeorsie non emigrabo. Ps. Spl. 6l, 6.
afera a son, Cd. 95; Th. 123, 31; Gen. 2054. v. eafora.
a-féran; p. de; pp. ed To affright, terrify; perterrere, Chr. 1083; Th. 352, 9. v. a-fæ-acute;ran,
a-ferian, -igan; p. ede; pp. ed To take away, remove, withdraw; auferre, amovere, subducere, cum averiis vel curru vehere, averiare :-- Ðæt ðú ðe aferige of ðisse folcsceare that thou withdraw thyself from this people, Cd. 114; Th. 149, 19; Gen. 2477. He aferede he bore away, Andr. Kmbl. 2355; An. 1179: Ps. Th. 135, 25: Menol. Fox 47; Men. 23. Gif he aferaþ if he remove; si averiat, L. R. S. 4; Th. i. 434, 8. He sceal aferian [MS. auerian = averian = aferian] he shall remove; debet averiare, 432, 10. v. a-feorran.
a-ferran; p. de; pp. ed To remove, take away; elongare, removere :-- Gást háligne fram me aferredne the holy spirit taken from me [acc. absol.], Ps. C. 97: Bt. 39, 11; Fox 230, 19. v. a-feorran.
a-ferscean [a, fersc fresh] To freshen, to become fresh; salsuginem deponere :-- Swá swá of ðære sæ-acute; cymþ ðæt wæter innon ða eorþan and ðár afersceaþ thus from the sea the water enters into the earth and then becomes fresh, Bt. 34, 6; Fox 140, 18.
a-fersian to take away; removere. v. a-feorsian.
a-festnian to fix, fasten; munire, firmare. v. a-fæstnian.
a-fétigan to beat with the feet, to praise, applaud; plaudere: -- Ic afétige plaudo, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 4; Som. 31, 28.
Affric; def. m. Affrica; adj. AFRICAN ; Afer, Africanus :-- Severus se Cásere Affrica Severus Cæsar Afer, Bd. 1, 5; S. 476, 5, note. Fóron Rómane on Affrice, acc. pl. the Romans went against [upon] the African people, Ors. 4, 6; Bos. 84, 24: 5, 4; Bos. 105, 2: 5, 7; Bos. 106, 22. On Africum among the African people, 6, 1; Bos. 115, 31.
Affrica; indecl: but Lat. Affrica, gen. æ; acc. am; f. Africa :-- Asia and Affrica togædere licgaþ Asia and Africa lie together, Ors. 1, 1; Bos. 15, 14. Ðære Affrica norþ-west gemæ-acute;re the north-west boundary of Africa, id; Bos. 16, 4. Nú wille we ymbe Affrica now will we [speak] about Africa, id; Bos. 24, 26. Hý ða þrý dæ-acute;las on þreó tonemdon -- Asiam, and Európam, and Affricam they named the three parts by three names -- Asia, and Europe, and Africa, id; Bos. 15, 5 : 5, 11; Bos. 109, 23: 6, 30; Bos. 126, 32.
Affrican, es; m. An African; Africanus :-- Regulus feaht wið Affricanas Regulus fought against Africans, Bt. 16, 2;. Rawl. 33, 19. v. African.
af-god, es; n. [af=of=æf a, ab; god, n. a heathen god] An idol, an image; idolum. [Plait. Dut. afgod, m: O.H.Ger. apcot, n: M. H. Ger. abgot, n. m: Ger. abgott, m: Goth, afguþs impius: Dan. Swed. afgud, m : O. Nrs. afguð, m.] v. god; n.
af-godnes, -ness, e; f. Idolatry, the worshipping of images; idololatria. v. af, god, es; n. a heathen god; -nes, -ness.
a-fíndan; p. -fánd, pl. -fúndon; pp. -fúnden To find, detect, feel, experience; invenire, deprehendere, experiri, sentire :-- De he Godes eorre afúnde though he felt God's anger, Ps. C. 25. Ic afínde experior, Ælfc. Gr. 31; Som. 35, 55. Ðis wíf wæs afúnden on unrihton hæ-acute;mede hæc mulier deprehensa est in adulterio, Jn. Bos. 8, 4: Bt. 35, 5 ; Fox 162, 31.
a-firhtan to affright; exterrere :-- Hí flugon afirhte to muntum they fled affrighted to the mountains, Gen. 14, 10. v. a-fyrhtan.
a-firran; p. de; pp. ed To remove, take away, put away, expel; elongare, amovere, auferre :-- Ðæt he him afirre frécne geþohtas that he put away from him wicked thoughts. Cd. 219; Th, 282, 9; Sat. 284. Crist heó afirde Christ expelled them, 214; Th. 269, 3; Sat. 67: Ps. Spl. T. 87, 19. v. a-feorran.
a-firsian; p. ode; pp. od To take away, remove; longefacere, removere :-- He afirsode fram us unrihtwísnysse longefecit a nobis iniquitates, Ps. Spl. M. 102, 12. v. a-feorsian.
a-fleón, he -flíhþ; p. -fleáh, pl. -flugon; pp. -flogen. I. v. intrans. To flee away; effugere :-- Gæ-acute;st aflíhþ the spirit fleeth away. Exon. 40 a; Th. 132, 20; Gú. 475: 58a; Th. 208,13; Ph. 155. II. v. trans. To drive away, put to flight; fugare :-- Hí aflogene wæ-acute;ron they were put to flight, Jud. 6, 14. DER. fleón.
a-fleótan To float off, scum, clarify, purify liquor by scumming; despumare. DER. fleótan.
a-fleów overflowed. Ors. 5, 4; Bos. 105, 9; p. of aflówan.
a-flian to put to flight; fugare, Herb. 96, 2; Lchdm, i. 208, 20. v. a-fligan.
a-fliéman; p. de; pp. ed To cause to flee, to banish :-- Síe he afliémed let him be [as one] banished, L. Alf. pol. 2; Th. i. 60, 17. v. a-flyman, ge-fleman.
a-fligan; p. de; pp. ed [a, fligan] To drive away, put to flight; fugare, arcere :-- Sóna hit ðone fefer afligeþ it will soon put the fever to flight, Herb. 37, 2; Lchdm i. 138, 5. Aflian [MS. B. afligan] to put to flight, 96, 2; Lchdm, i. 208, 20. Ic aflige míne fýnd arcesso inimicos meos, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 2 ; Som. 30, 43. Afliged beón to be driven away, R. Ben. cap. 48. Afliged mon an apostate, Prov. 6.
a-fliung, e; f. A fleeing; rejectio :-- Mete-afliung a rejecting of meat; atrophia, Ælfc. Gl. 10; Som. 57, 41; Wrt. Voc. 19, 44.
a-flogen driven away, Jud. 6, 14; pp. of a-fleón.
a-flówan; p, -fleów, pl. -fleówan; pp. -flówen To flow from, flow over; effluere :-- Etna fýr afleów up the fire of Etna flowed over, Ors. 5,4; Bos. 105, 9.
A-FLYGE -- A-GÆ-acute;LAN. 27
a-flyge, es; m. [a, flyge a flight] A flying, flight; volatus. [Ger. flug, Grm. Wörterbuch; fuga?]
a-flýman; p. de; pp. ed; v. trans, [a, flýman] To cause to flee, put to flight, drive away, banish, scatter, disperse; fugare, in fugam vertere, ejicere, pellere, dispergere :-- He swá manigne man aflýmde he caused so many men to flee. Byrht. Th. 138, 61; By. 243. Ðú me aflýmst tu me ejicis, Gen. 4, 14. Wurdon twegen æðelingas aflýmde of Sciððian two noblemen were driven from Scythia, Ors. 1, 10; Bos. 32, 34. Sý he aflýmed let him be [as one] banished, L. Alf. pol. 2 ; Th. i. 60, 17, note. And eall his weored oððe ofslægen wæs oððe aflýmed ejusque totus vel interemptus vel dispersus est exercitus, Bd. 2, 20; S. 521, 13.
afol, es; n. Power; vires, robur :-- Eallum his afole with all his power, L.I.P. 2; Th. ii. 304, 22. v. abal.
a-fón; p. -féng, pl. -féngon; pp. -fangen, -fongen To receive, take, take up, hold up, support, seize, lay hold of; suscipere, assumere, corripere, occupare, tradere :-- We aféngon mildheortnysse ðíne on midle temple suscepimus misericordiam tuam in media templi, Ps. Spl. 47, 8: 118,116. Afonde suscipiens, 146, 6. He wæs on heofonum afangen assumptus est in cœlum, Mk. Bos. 16, 19. Hyre se aglæ-acute;ca ageaf andsware, forht afongen to her the wretch gave answer, seized with fear, Exon. 70 a; Th. 261, 24; Jul. 320: 25 a; Th. 73, 3; Cri. 1184. Ðæt Johannes wæs afongen quod Johannes traditus esset. Mt. Rush. Stv. 4, 12.
a-fónde taking up, raising up; suscipiens. Ps. Spl. 146, 6; part. of a-fón.
afor adj. Vehement, dire, hateful, rough, austere; vehemens, atrox, odiosus, asper, austerus, acerbus :-- Iudiþ, egesfull and afor Judith, dreadful and vehement, Judth. 12; Thw. 25, 13; Jud. 257. Afrum onfengum with their dire attempts, Exon. 403; Th. 133, 15; Gú. 490. Ðæt [sæ-acute;d] byþ þreóhyrne, and hyt byþ afor and sweart the scent is three-cornered, and it is rough and swarthy, Herb. 181, 1; Lchdm, i. 316, 11. [Goth. ,-brs strong: O. Nrs. æfr sævus, vehemens, ferox.] v. nefre.
a-fór, -fóron departed. Ors. 2, 4; Bos. 45, 14: Cd. 173; Th. 216, 14; Dan. 6; p. of a-faran.
afora a son, Chr. 937; Th. 200, 41, col. 3; Æðelst. 7. v. eafora.
afor-feorsian; p. ode; pp. od To defer, delay, prolong; prolongare :-- Eardbiggengnes [MS. eardbiggendes] mín aforfeorsode is incolatus meus prolongatus est. Ps. Spl. 119, 5; Lambeth has, Eardbegengnes oððe elþeódignys mín afeorrad oððe gelængd is, Ps. 119, 5; my pilgrimaging is drawen along, Wyc. v. feorsian.
a-forhtian; p. ode; pp. od [a intensive, forhtian to fear] To be very much afraid, to tremble with fear, to be affrighted, amazed; expa-vescere :-- Ða aforhtode Isaac micelre forhtnisse expavit Isaac stupore vehementi, Gen. 27, 33.
á-forp; adv. [á always, forþ forth] Always, continually, daily, still; indies, Cot. 115.
aforud exalted; exaltatus. v. ofer-ge-aforud.
a-fréfran; p. ede; pp. ed To comfort, console; consolari :-- God eáðe mæg afréfran feásceaftne God can easily comfort the distressed, Exon, 10b; Th. 11, 23; Cri. 175: 133; Th. 23, 13; Cri. 368. He mec þurh engel oft afréfreþ he through his angel oft comforteth me, 37 a; Th. 121, 10; Gú. 286. We weorþaþ afréfrede facti sumus sicut consolati, Ps. Th. 125, 1: 118, 52; Andr. Kmbl. 1275; An. 638.
a-fréfrian; p. ode; pp. od To comfort, console; consolari :-- Forwyrnde beón afréfrod sáwle mín renuit consolari anima mea, Ps. Spl. 76, 3.
a-freoðan; p. ede; pp. ed To froth; spumare :-- Læ-acute;t afreoðan let it froth, L. M. 1, 47; Lchdm, ii. 118, 27. [O.Nrs. froða, frauð froth; spuma.]
Africa = Affrica Africa; Africa :-- Affrica onginþ Africa begins. Ors. 1, 1; Bos. 24, 35. v. Affrica.
African, Affrican, es; m. An African; Africanus :-- Ðá he feaht wið Africanas, he hæfde sige ofer ða Africanas when he fought against Africans, He gained a victory over the Africans, Bt. 16, 2 ; Fox 52, 39: 54, 1.
Africanisc, Afrisc; adj. Belonging to Africa, African; Africanus :-- Africanisc æppel [MS. -isca,-ple] a pomegranate; malum Punicum, Cot. 133.
Afrisc; adj. African; Africanus :-- Afrisc meówle an African maid, Cd. 171; Th. 215, 7; Exod. 579.
a-froefred comforted; consolatus, Mt. Rush. Stv. 5, 4,=a-fréfred; pp. of a-fréfran.
a-fúl, es; n. A fault; culpa. v. fúl.
a-fúlian; p. ode; pp. od; v. n. To become foul, to putrefy, be defiled; putrescere, putrefieri, inquinari, Scint. 66: 17. v. fúlian.
a-fúnden found, discovered, Jn. Bos. 8, 4: Bt. 35, 5; Fox 162, 31; pp. of a-findan.
a-fúndennis, -niss, e; f. An experiment, an invention, a discovery; experimentum, R. Ben. interl. 59.
a-fylan; p. ede; pp. ed; v. a. [a, fúl foul, unclean] To foul, defile, pollute, to make filthy, to corrupt; inquinare, contaminare, fœdare :-- Yfel biþ ðæt man mid flæ-acute;sc-mete hine sylfne afýle it is sinful that any one defile himself with flesh-meat, L.C.S. 47; Th. i. 402, 24: Past. 54, 1. Afýled fœdatus, Prœm. Greg. Dial. v. ge-fýlan, a-fúlian.
a-fyllan; p. de; pp. ed [a, fyllan to fill] To fill up or full, replenish, satisfy; replere, implere :-- Afyllaþ ða eorþan replete terram. Gen. 9, 1. He ne mæg ða gítsunga afyllan he cannot satisfy the desires, Bt. 16, 3; Fox 56, 16. Fýres afylled with fire filled, Exon. 30 b; Th. 95, 26; Cri. 1563: Cd. 215; Th. 271, 4; Sat. 100: Beo. Th. 2040; B. 1018: Ps. Th. 128, 5.
a-fyllan = a-fellan; p. de; pp. ed; v. a. [a, fyllan, fellan to fell] To fell, to strike or beat down, to overturn, subvert, lay low, abolish, slay; cædere, occidere, prosternere, dejicere, demoliri, comprimere, abrogare :-- Gif mon afelle [MS. B. afylle] on wuda wel monega treówa if any one fell in a wood a good many trees, L. In. 43; Th. i. 128, 19. Drihten afylþ ðíne fýnd the Lord will strike down thine enemies, Deut. 28, 7. Hí to eorþan afyllaþ ðé ad terram prosternent te, Lk. Bos. 19, 44: Salm. Kmbl. 595; Sal. 297. Afylde hine he felled him, Salm. Kmbl. 917 ; Sal. 458. Wæs Waldendes lof afylled the supreme ruler's praise was suppressed, Chr. 975; Th. 228, 10; Edg. 38. Hú man mæg unlage afyllan how one may abolish unjust laws, L.C.S. 11; Th. i. 382, 8. Gif hwá óðres ryht afylle if any one suppress another's right, L. Ath. i. 17; Th. i. 208, 16: L. Eth. vi. 8; Th. i. 316, 26. Ðæt hine man afylle that any one slay him, 38; Th. i. 324, 23 : v. 31; Th. i. 312, 12. v. be-fyllan, ge-.
a-fyran; p. ede; pp. ed To remove, take away, expel; amovere, elongare. Exon. 43 b; Th. 147, 1; Gú. 720. v. a-fyrran.
a-fyran; p. de; pp. ed, yd [a, fýran castrare] To castrate; castrare :-- Afýred olfend a dromedary, a kind of swift camel; dromeda MS. Twegen afýryde men duo eunuchi. Gen. 40, 1.
a-fýrd, es; m. A eunuch; spado, Cot. 189. v. a-fýrida.
a-fyrhtan; p. -fyrhte; pp. -fyrhted, -fyrht To affright, terrify; terrere, exterrere, perterrere, timore afficere :-- He afyrhted wearþ he was affrighted, Exon. 52 a; Th. 181, 29; Gú. 1300: Andr. Kmbl. 3057; An. 1531. Wæ-acute;ran mid egsan ealle afyrhte with dread were all affrighted, Cd. 222 ; Th. 288, 22; Sat. 385. Ða weardan wæ-acute;ron afyrhte custodes exterriti sunt, Mt. Bos. 28, 4: Bd. 3, 16; S. 543, 12, MS. T. Afirhte, Gen. 14, 10. v. a-forhtian.
afýrida, afýryda, an; m. [a-fýred; pp. of a-fýran] A eunuch, a castrated animal, servant, courtier; eunuchus, servus :-- Se afýrida the servant, courtier [eunuch], Gen. 39, I. Hí sealdon Iosep Putifare ðam afýrydan Faraones vendiderunt Joseph Putiphari eunucho Pharaonis, 37, 36.
a-fyrran, -fyran; p. ede, de; pp. ed [a from, fyrr far] To remove, take away, expel, deliver; amovere, avertere, elongare, auferre, eripere :-- Næddran hí afyrraþ serpentes tollent, Mk. Bos. 16, 18. Beóþ afyrrede are taken away. Ps. Spl. 57, 8. Ðú afyrdest of Jacobe ða graman hæftnéd avertisti captivitatem Jacob, Ps. Th. 84, 1. Ðú me afyrdest frýnd ða nýhstan elongasti a me amicum et proximum, 87, 18; 88, 36: Bd. 2, 20; S. 522, 23: 4, 11; S. 579, 34. Afyrrinde gefeoht oððe óþ ende eorþan auferens bella usque ad finem terræ. Ps. Spl. C. T. 45, 9. Afyrr me feóndum mínum enpe me de inimicis meis, Ps. Th. 142, 10. Afyr, 118, 22: 53, 5. Ic ðé wolde cwealm afyrran I would remove death from thee, Exon. 28b; Th. 87, 17; Cri. 1426. Dream wæs afyrred joy was removed,, 42 a; Th. 142, 9; Gú. 641. He hæfde feóndas afyrde he had the fiends expelled, 43 b; Th. 147, 1; Gú. 720. v. a-feorran.
a-fyrsian; p. ode; pp. od; v.a. [a, fyrsian to remove] To remove farthest away, drive away, dispel; pellere, propellere, auferre :-- He afyrseþ gást ealdormanna aufert spiritum principum, Ps. Spl. 75, 12: 45, 9. Ðe deófla afyrseþ which drives devils away, L. C. E. 4; Th. i. 360, 29. v. a-feorsian, a-fyrran.
a-fýryda a eunuch; eunuchus :-- Ðam afýrydan Faraones eunucho Pharaonis, Gen. 37, 36. v. afyrida.
a-fýsan; p. de; pp. ed. I. to hasten; festinare, tendere :-- Feor afýsan and forþ gangan to hasten away and to go forward, Byrht. Th. 131, 4; By. 3. II. to hasten away, impel, accelerate, incite, excite, make ready; incitare, accelerare, paraturn vel prornptum reddere :-- Ðonne he afýsed biþ when he hastened away, Exon. 653; Th. 241, 11; Ph. 654. To heofonum biþ mðd afýsed to heaven is the spirit impelled, 65 b; Th. 241, 17; Ph. 657: 59 b; Th. 217, 3; Ph. 274: Rood Kmbl. 247; Kr. 125: Exon, 119a; Th. 457, 22; Hy. 4. 87. Swá æ-acute;r wæter fleówan, flódas afýsde as the waters flowed before, the excited floods, 22 b; Th. 61, 17; Cri. 986.
ag, es; n ? Wickedness; nequitia :-- Hí þohton and hí spræ-acute;con ag cogitaverunt et locuti sunt nequitiam. Ps. Spl. T. 72, 8. [Goth. aglo,f. trouble: O. Nrs. agi, m. terror: Grm. ii. 503, 20.] DER. ag-lác, ag-læ-acute;c, -læ-acute;ca,-lác-hád, -læ-acute;c-cræft, -læ-acute;c-wíf.
ága, an; m. A possessor, an owner; possessor, v. un-ága.
a-gæf returned; reddidit, Cd. 196; Th. 244, 24; Dan. 453; p. of a-gifan.
a-gæ-acute;lan; p. de; pp. ed. I. v. trans. To hinder, occupy, detain, delay, neglect; impedire, retardare, morari, negligere :-- Ðæt he ne agæ-acute;le gæ-acute;stes þearfe that he delay not his spirit's welfare, Exon. 19b; Th. 51, 16; Cri. 817. Me ðiós siccetung hafaþ agæ-acute;led this sighing has hindered me. Bt. Met. Fox 2, 9; Met: 2, 5. Ic míne tíd-sangas oft agæ-acute;lde I have often neglected my canonical hours, L. De Cf. 9; Th. ii. 264, n. Astrecceaþ agæ-acute;ledan honda remissas manus erigite, Past, 11, 1; Cot. MS. And swá eall ðæt folc wearþ mid him ánum agæ-acute;led and all the people were so occupied with him alone. Ors. 3, 9; Bos. 68, 24. II. v. intrans. To hesitate, be careless; cunctari, indili-gens esse :-- He wihte ne agæ-acute;lde ðæs ðe þearf wæs þeódcyninges he
28 A-GÆLENDE -- ÁGEND-FREÁN.
was not careless about anything that was needful for the king, Chr. 1066; Th. 335. 15. col. 1; Edv. 33.
a-gælende; part. enchanting; incantans. Ps. Vos. 57, 5. v. a-galan.
a-gælwed astonished; consternatus, Bt. 34, 5; Fox 140, 9; MS. Cot. v. a-gelwan.
a-gæ-acute;n gone, past; præteritus, Cart. Uuerfriþ in app. ad Bædam, S. 772, 1, 4. v. a-gán.
a-gæ-acute;þ; happens :-- Hit agæ-acute;þ eall swá it happens so as [also], Deut. 13, 2. v. agán, gán, hit gæ-acute;þ.
a-galan; he -gælþ; p. -gól, pl. -gólon; pp. -galen [a, galan to sing] To sing, chant; canere, cantare :-- He fúsleóþ agól he sang the death-song, Exon. 52b; Th. 183, 1; Gú, 1320. Fyrdleóþ agól wulf on walde a war-song sung the wolf in the wood, Elen. Kmbl. 54; El. 27: Beo. Th. 3047; B. 1521.
a-gálan To loose, dissolve; remittere, Past. 11, 1; Hat. MS. 14b, 24, v. agæ-acute;lan.
a-gan began; cœpit. Mk. Bos. 6, 7; p. of a-ginnan,
a-gán; p. -eóde; pp. -gán [a from, away, gán to go]. I. to come to pass, happen; præterire, transire :-- Æ-acute;r his tíd agá [tíde ge MS.] before his time come to pass, Exon. 82 a; Th. 310, 3; Seef. 69; [Grn. Gloss.] Ðá sæternes dæg wæs agán cum transivisset sabbatum, Mk. Bos. 16, 1. Æfen-fela nihta agáne wæ-acute;ron totidem noctes transierunt, Deut. 9, 11: Andr. Kmbl. 293; An. 147: Elen. Kmbl. 2452; El. 1227. Swá hit sóþlíce a-eóde so it truly happened, K. de visione Isaiæ. II. to come forth; provenire :-- Him upp agá horn on heafde a horn comes forth on his head, Ps. Th. 68, 32. III. to approach to any one to solicit him; procedere ad aliquem sollicitandi causa :-- Ne meahton heora bregoweardas agán might not approach their lords, Cd. 131; Th. 166, 14; Gen. 2747.
AGAN, to áganne; pres. part, ágende; pres. indic, ic, he áh, ðú áhst, pl. ágon, ágan, águn; p. ic, he áhte, ðú ahtest, pl. áhton; subj. ic, ðú, he áge, pl. ágen; p. ic áhte, pl. áhten; pp. ágen. I. to OWN, possess, have, obtain; possidere, habere, percipere :-- Ðe micel ágan willaþ who desire [will] to possess much, Bt. 14, 2; Fox 44, 13. Nú ic áh mæ-acute;ste þearfe Now I have the utmost need, Byrht. Th. 136, 60; By. 175. Gesyle eall ðæt ðú age vende quæcumque habes, Mk. Bos. 10, 21. Ðú ðe áhst dóma geweald thou that hast power of dignities, Elen. Kmbl. 1448; El. 726. Áh him lífes geweald he hath power over life, Andr. Kmbl. 1036; An. 518 : Cd. 103; Th. 137, 8 ; Gen. 2270. Wuna ðæ-acute;m ðé ágon dwell with those who own thee, Cd. 104; Th. 138, 18; Gen. 2293 : 221; Th. 287, 3; Sat. 361. Ðæt hie heofonríce ágan that they shall possess heaven's kingdom, 22; Th. 27, 33; Gen. 427. Hí águn they possess, Exon. 33 b; Th. 106, 33; Gú. 50. Ðæt ic éce líf áge ut vitam æternam percipiam, Mk. Bos. 10, 17. He sealde eall ðæt he áhte vendidit omnia quæ habuit, Mt. Bos. 13, 46: Ps, Th. 147, 3: Beo. Th. 5210; B. 2608. Hi gewyrhto áhton They possessed merits, Cd. 196; Th. 244, 7; Dan. 444. Áhton, Ps. Th. 118, 79. Ðæt hí sige áhten that they had the victory, Bd. 3, 2 ; S. 524, 28. Dóm ágende possessing power. Andr. Kmbl. 1139; An. 570: Exon. 68 a; Th. 253, 26; Jul. 186. Ðeáh he feoh-gestreón áhte although he possessed riches, Exon. 66b; Th. 245, 13; Jul. 44. II. to make another to own or possess, hence, -- to give, deliver, restore; dare in possessionem, reddere, rependere :-- Éðelstówe ðé ic ágan sceal I shall give thee a dwelling-place, Cd. 130; Th. 164, 34; Gen. 2724. On hand ágan to deliver in hand, Ors. 3, 11? Ágan út to have or find out. Lett ágan ut, hú fela permit to find out, how many, Chr. 1085; Th. 353, 5. Ágan ERROR is the first of the following twelve Anglo-Saxon verbs, -- ágan, cunnan, dugan, durran, magan, mótan, munan, nugan, sculan, þurfan, unnan, witan, which are called præterito-præsentia, because they take their new infinitives and their present tenses from the perfects of strong verbs with their inflections. These new infinitives form their p. tenses regularly in accordance with the weak conjugations. Thus, the new infinitive. ágan has pres. ic, he áh = ág, pl. ágon; p. áhte = ágde, pl. áhton = ágdon. The inf. ágan and the pres. áh, pl. ágon [for igon], retaining preterite inflections, are taken from the p. of a strong verb, ascertained from áh [Goth, áih], which shews the á of the p. singular in the eighth class of Grimm's division of strong verbs [Grm. i. p. 837; Koch i. p. 253], and requires by analogy, with other verbs of the same class, the inf. ígan, the p. pl. igon, and the pp. igen. Thus we find the original verb ígan; p. áh, pl. igon; pp. igen. But in ágan the á of the singular indef. is kept in the pl. inf. and pp. The weak p. áhte = ágde, pl. áhton=ágdon are formed regularly from the weak infin. ágan. The same præterito-præsens may be generally observed in the following cognate words :--
inf. pres. pl. p.
Engl. owe, possidere, ought.
Laym agen,ah,agen,ahte.
O. Sax. égan,[éh],égunéhta
O. Frs. ága, hága,ách,ágonáchte.
O. H. Ger. eigan,eigumés.
Goth. áigan,áih,áigum,áihta.
O. Nrs. eiga,á,eigum,átta. ERR
???
DER. ágen, -frigea, -nama, -nyss, -slaga: ágend, -freá, -líce: áhni-an, ágni-an, -end, -endlíc: ge-ágnian, ge-ágnigendlíc: ágenung: æ-acute;ht, e; f. æ-acute;hte&dash-uncertain;land, -man, -swán: æ-acute;htige.
ágan, Cd. 216; Th. 274, 1; Sat. 147; g. d. acc. etc. of áge, an; f. property.
a-gangan; pp. -gangen; -gongen To go or pass by or over, to happen, befal; præterire, evenire :-- Ðá wæs agangen, geára hwyrftum, tú hund and þreó there were passed, in the circuits of years, two hundred and three, Elen. Kmbl. 1; El. 1: Chr. 974; Th. 224, 33; Edg. 10. Swá hit agangen wearþ how it had befallen, Beo. Th. 2473; B. 1234. Wæs ðæs mæ-acute;les mearc agongen the limit of the time was passed. Cd. 83; Th. 103, 17; Gen. 1719: Exon. 39b; Th. 130, 20; Gú. 441.
áge, an; f. Property; possessio, proprium :-- Ðe he to ágan nyle which he will not have for his property, Cd. 216; Th. 274, I; Sat. 147. Ðe ðé gedafenode ágan to habbanne quem te conveniebat proprium habere, Bd. 3, 14; S. 540, 26.
áge, Mk. Bos. 10, 17; subj. s. of ágan to own.
a-geaf gave up, Jn. Bos. 19, 30; p. of agifan.
a-geald rewarded, Beo. Th, 3335; B. 1665; p. of agildan.
a-geán; prep. Towards; adversus, Chr. 1052 ; Th. 314, 23. v. on-geán.
ageán-féran; p. de; pp. ed To go again, return; reverti, Chr. 1070; Th. 344, 31. v. ongeán-faran.
agean-hwyrfan To turn again, to return; redire, Mk. Jun. 6, 31. v. agén-hwyrfan.
a-geara, -gearwa prepared; paratus. v. gearwa in gearo; adj.
a-gearwian To prepare; parare. v. gearwian.
a-geat understood. Ps. Spl. 118, 95; p. of a-gitan.
a-geát poured out, Cd. 47; Th. 60, 20; Gen. 984. v. a-geótan.
a-géfan; 3rd pl. perf. of a-gifan, for a-gefon, Menol. Fox 160.
a-geldan; p. -geald, pl. -guldon; pp, -golden To pay, render; reddere :-- Scilling agelde let him pay a shilling, L.H.E. 11, 12 ; Th. i. 32, 5, 9. v. a-gildan.
a-geldan; pp. -geald [Grn.] To punish; punire :-- Wurdon teónlíce tóðas idge [MS. to þas idge] ageald the greedy teeth were harmfully punished. Exon. 61 b; Th. 226, 19; Ph. 408.
a-gelwan; p. ede; pp. ed To stupefy, astonish; stupefacere, conster-nare :-- Ðá wearþ ic agelwed then I was astonished, Bt. 34, 5; Fox 140, 9.
a-gén; prep. acc. Against; adversum, contra :-- Se ðe nis agén eów, se is for eów qui non est adversum vos, pro vobis est, Mk. Bos. 9, 40. Ðín bróðor hæfþ æ-acute;nig þing agén ðé frater tuus habet aliquid adversum te, Mt. Bos. 5, 23. v. on-geán; prep.
a-gén; adv. AGAIN, anew, also; itenim, denuo, et :-- Ðe ðé slihþ on ðín gewenge, wend óðer agén qui te percutit in maxillam, præbe et alteram, Lk. Bos. 6, 29. Ðá wende he on scype agén then he went into the ship again, 8, 37, 40, Wæs forworht agén was punished anew, Cd. 214; Th. 269, 21; Sat. 76. v. on-geán; adv.
ágen; adj. [originally the pp. of ágan to own, possess], I. OWN, proper, peculiar; proprius :-- Sécþ his ágen wuldor gloriam propriam quærit. Jn. Bos. 7, 18. Godes ágen bearn God's own child. Cd. 213; Th. 265, 20; Sat. 10: 109; Th. 144, 27; Gen. 2396: Bd. 3, 14; S. 539, 19. Hire ágenes húses of her own house, Bt. Met. Fox 13, 60; Met. 13, 30, Binnan heora ágenre hýde within their own skin, Bt. 14, 2; Fox 44, 23. On eówerne ágenne dóm. in your own decision, Andr. Kmbl. 677; An. 339. On his ágenum dagum in diebus ejus, Ps. Th. 71, 7. His ágnum willan on his own accord, Ors. 4, 11; Bos. 98, 6. Ágna gesceafta thy own creatures, Bt. Met. Fox 20, 28; Met. 20, 14: Bt. 14, 2; Fox 44, 36. Ðínes ágenes þonces of thine own choice, Bt. 8; Fox 26, 12. II. used substantively, The property owned, or one's own property; proprium :-- Agife man ðam ágen-frigean his ágen let his own be rendered to the proprietor, L. C. S. 24 ; Th. i. 390, 7; L. Eth. ii. 10; Wilk. 106, 38. [Chauc, owen: Laym, agen: Plat, egen: O. Sax. égan: O. Frs. ein, ain, eigen, egen: Ger. M. H. Ger. eigen: O. H. Ger. eikan, cigan: Goth, aigin, n. and áihts. f. GREEK: O. Nrs. eigin.] v. ágan.
agén-arn met; occurrit. Mk. Bos. 5, 2; p. of agén-yrnan.
agén-bewendan; p. de; pp. ed To turn again, return; reverti :-- And ðá he hine eft agén-bewende and then he turned himself again, Mk. Bos. 14, 40.
agen-cuman; p. -com, pl. -cómon; pp. -cumen To come again; redire :-- Ðá se Hæ-acute;lend agén-com cum rediisset Iesus. Lk. Bos. 8, 40.
ágend, es; m. [part. of ágan to own] An owner, a possessor, the Lord ; possessor, proprietarius, Dominus :-- þreóm hundum scillinga gylde se ágend with three hundred shillings let the owner pay, L. H. E. 1; Th. i. 26, 9: 3; Th. i. 28, 5. Ágendes ést the owner's favour, Beo. Th. 6142; B. 3075. Wuldres Ágend the Lord of glory. Exon. 25 b; Th. 73, 32; Cri. 1198: 14b; Th. 29, 32 ; Cri. 471. Se Ágend the Lord; Dominus, Cd. 158; Th. 196, 21; Exod. 295.
ágend-freá, an; m. The owning lord, possessor; dominus, possessor: -- He heofona is and ðisse eorþan ágend-freá he is the owning Lord of heaven and of this earth, Cd. 98; Th. 129, 10; Gen. 2141: Beo. Th. 3770; B. 1883.
agend-freán; acc. f. A mistress; dominam :-- Heó [Agar] ongan
ÁGEND-FRIÓ -- AG-LÆ-acute;CA. 29
æfþancum ágend-freán herian she [Hagar] began to vex her mistress with insults, Cd. 102; Th. 135, 4; Gen. 2237. v. freá.
ágend-frió, -freo; indecl. m. An owner, possessor; possessor :-- He agife ðam ágendfrió [ágend-freó MS. B.] ðone monnan let him give up the man to the owner, L. In. 53; Th. i. 136, 4. v. ágend-freá.
ágend-líce; adv. Properly, as his own; proprie, Bd. 1, 1; S. 474, 42.
ágen-frigea, -friga, -friá, an; -frige, es; m. An owner, possessor; possessor :-- Se ágen-frigea the owner, L. In. 42; Th. i. 128, 14. Agife man ðam ágen-frigean [-frigan MS. C.] his ágen let his own be rendered to the proprietor, L. C. S. 24; Th. i. 390, 7. Ðam ágen-frige to the posessor, L. In. 53; Th. i. 136, 4, MS. H. We also find, -- Se ágena frigea the possessor; ðam ágenan frián to the possessor, L. Eth. iii. 4; Th. i. 294, 18, 17.
agén-gecyrran To turn again, recur; recurrere, Fulg. 9.
agén-gehweorfan; p. -gehwearf, pl. -gehwurfon; pp. -gehworfen To change again, to return; redire :-- Ðá híg agén-gehwurfon cum redirent. Lk. Bos. 2, 43.
agen-hwyrfan; p. de; pp. ed To turn again, return; redire :-- Manega ágen-hwyrfdon [Jun. agean-hwyrfdon] multi redibant, Mk. Bos. 6, 31.
agén-læ-acute;dan; p. de; pp. ed To lead bock; reducere, Anlct. Gloss.
ágen-nama, an; m. One's own or proper name; purum nomen, Fulg. 3: proprium nomen, Ælfc. Gr. 7; Som. 6, 59.
ágen-nys, -nyss, e; f. An owning, a possession, property; possessio, S. de Fide Cathol.
agén-sendan; p. -sende To send again, send back; remittere :-- He hine agén-sende to Herode remisit eum ad Herodem, Lk. Bos. 23, 7: 23, 11.
ágen-slaga, an; m. A self-slayer, self-murderer; qui sibimet ipsi manum infert, Octo Vit. capit.
ágen-spræc, e; f. [ágen own, spræc speech] One's own tongue, an idiom, the peculiarity of a language; idioma, Ælfc. Gl. 101; Som. 77, 41. v. gecynde-spræc.
agén-standan; p. -stód, pl. -stódon; pp. -standen To STAND AGAINST, urge, insist apon; obsistere, insistere :-- Ða Farisei ongunnan hefilíce him agén-standan Pharisæi cœperunt graviter insistere, Lk. Bos. 11, 53.
ágenung, ágnung, ahnung, e; f. An OWNING, a possessing, possession, ownership, claiming as one's own, power or dominion over anything; possessio, dominium :-- Gif getrýwe gewitnes him to ágenunge rýmþ; forðam ágnung biþ nér ðam ðe hæfþ, ðonne ðam ðe æfter-sprecþ if a true witness make way for him to possession; because possession is nearer to him who has, than to him who claims, L. Eth. ii. 9; Th. i. 290, 20. Be ðære ahnnnge respecting ownership, L. Ed. 1; Lambd. 38, 25.
agén-yrnan; p .-am,pl. -urnon; pp.-urrien To run against meet with, meet; occurrere :-- Him agénarn án man oscurrit homo, ME/Bos. 5, 2. Inc agényrnþ sum man oecurret vobis homo. Mk. Bos. 14, 13.
a-geofan to restore, give back, repay, ---a-gifan, Heming, p. 104.
a-geolwian [a, geolo yellow] To become yellow, to make to glitter as gold; flavescere, Herb. 42, ? Lye. v. geolwian.
a-geómrod lamented; lamentatus. v. geómerian.
a-geótan, -gítan; p. -geát, -gét, pl. -guton; pp. -goten. I. v. trans. To pour out, shed, strew, spill, deprive of; effundere, privare : -- He his swát ageát he shed his blood. Exon. 40a; Th. 133, 22; Gú. 493 : Cd. 47; Th. 60, 20; Gen. 984. He his blód agét he had spilled his blood Andr. Reed. 2897; [ageát. Grm. 1449; Kmbl. 2897.] Hi aguton blód effuderunt sanguinem. Ps. Spl. 78, 3: Bd. 1, 7; S. 476, 30: Gen. 9, 6. Ageót cocor effunde frameam, Ps. Spl. 34, 3. Agoten effusus, Ps. Th. 78, 11. Hie wæ-acute;ron agotene góda gehwylces they were deprived of all goods, Judth. 10; Thw. 21, 23; Jud. 32. II. v. intrans. To pour forth; profluere :-- Swá ðín swát ageát thus thy blood poured forth, Andr. Kmbl. 2881; An. 1443.
a-getan; p. de, te; pp. ed To seize, take away, destroy; corripere, eripere, delere :-- Sumne sceal gár agetan the spear shall take one away, Exon. 87a; Th. 328, 11; Vy. 16: Andr. Grm. 1144: Exon. 127b; Th. 491, 3; Rä. 80, 8. Ðæ-acute;r læg secg mænig gárum ageted there lay many a warrior destroyed by javelins, Chr. 937; Th. 202, 21, col. 1; Æðelst, 18. DER. getan.
a-géton [they] destroyed; 3rd per. pl. p. of a-gitan.
ág-hwæ-acute;r everywhere; ubique, Lye. v. æ-acute;g-hwæ-acute;r.
a-giefan; p. -geaf; pp. -giefen To restore, render, pay, give; reddere, solvere, dare, Exon. 73 b; Th. 274, 6; Jul. 529: 26 a; Th. 77, 22; Cri. 1260. v. a-gifan.
a-gieldan To pay, repay :-- Ðú scyle ryht agieldan thou shalt pay just retribution, Exon. 99b; Th. 372, 25; Seel. 98. v. a-gildan.
a-giémeleásian; p. ode; pp. od To neglect, despise :-- Ne agiémeleása ðfl Godes swingan noli negligere disciplinam Domini, Past. 36, 4; Hat. MS. 47 b, 3. v. a-gímeleásian.
a-giéta, a-gíta, an; m. A spendthrift, prodigal; prodigus, profligator, Past. 20, 1; Hat. MS. 29 a, 26.
a-gifan, -gyfan, -giefan, -geofan; p. -gæf, -geaf, -gef, pl. -géfon, -geáfon; pp. -gifen, -giefen, -gyfen To restore, give back, give up, leave, return, repay, render, pay, give; reddere, restituere, tradere, relinquere, exsolvere, dare:-- He wolde hine his fæder agifan volebat eum reddere patri suo, Gen. 37, 22. Úton agifan ðæm ésne his wíf let us restore to the man his wife, Bt. 35, 6; Fox 170, 6. Eorþe ageaf ða the earth gave up those, Exon. 24b; Th. 71, 15; Cri. 1156. Ðone hie ðære cwéne agéfon they gave him up to the queen. Elen. Kmbl. 1171; El. 587. He agæf him his leóda láfe he restored to him the remnant of his people. Cd. 196; Th. 244, 24; Dan. 453. Ne agife non restituet, Ex. 22, 13. Hy fæder ageaf on feónda geweald her father delivered her up into her foes' power. Exon. 68a; Th. 252, 6; Jul, 159. Andreas his gást ageaf Andrew gave up his soul. Menol. Fox 431; Men, 217, Ageaf his gást tradidit spiritum, Jn. Bos. 19, 30. Andreas carcerne ageaf Andrew left his prison. Andr. Kmbl. 3155; An. 1580. Him se wer ageaf andsware to him the man returned answer, Exon. 49b; Th. 171, 34; Gú. 1136. Andreas agef andsware Andrew returned answer, Andr. Kmbl, 378; An. 189. Ic forþ agef ða, ðe ic ne reáfude æ-acute;r quæ non rapui, tunc exsolvebam, Ps. Th. 68, 5: L. In. 60; Th. i. 140, 10. Siððan ge eówre gafulræ-acute;denne agifen habbaþ after ye have paid your fare, Andr. Kmbl. 592; An. 296. He him leán ageaf he gave him a gift, Cd. 86; Th. 108, 19; Gen. 1808: 97; Th. 128, 3; Gen. 2121: Th. Diplm. A.D. 830; 465, 31. Hi ageáfon dono dederunt. Judth, 12; Thw. 26, 23; Jud. 342, DER. gifan.
a-gift, e; f? A giving back, restoration; restitutio. v. gift, e; f.
a-gildan, -geldan, -gieldan, -gyldan; p. --geald, pl. -guldon; pp. -golden To pay, render, repay, restore, reward, requite, permit, allow; reddere, solvere, rependere, retribuere, concedere :-- Ðú scyle ryht agieldan [agildan MS. Verc.] thou shalt pay just retribution, Exon. 99 b; Th. 372, 25; Seel. 98. Gyf ic ageald gyldendum me yfelu si reddidi retribuentibus mihi mala, Ps. Spl. 7, 4. Ðá me sæ-acute;l ageald as opportunity permitted to me, Beo. Th. 3335; B. 1665: 5374; B. 2690: Cd. 93; Th. 121, 11; Gen. 2008. Aguldon me yfelu for gódum retribuebant mihi mala pro bonis, Ps. Spl. 34, 14. Ða onsægdnysse ða ðe fram eów deóflum wæ-acute;ron agoldene sacrificia hæc quæ a vobis redduntur dæmonibus, Bd. 1,7; S. 477. 37 DER. gildan.
a-gilde, a-gylde; adv. Without compensation, L. C. S. 49; Th. i. 404, 14 [MS. A] : L. Eth. v. 31; Th. i. 312, 12. v. æ-gilde.
a-gilpan; p. -gealp, pl. -gulpon; pp. -golpen To glory, boast, exult; gloriari, lætari :-- Wyt mágon ðæ-acute;r dæ-acute;dum agilpan we may there exult in our deeds, Cd. 100 a; Th. 377, 2; Seel, 165.
a-giltan; p. -gilte; pp. -gilt To sin, fail, do wrong; delinquere, pec-care :-- Ic agilte wið eówerne Drihten peccavi in Dominum vestrum, Ex. 10, 16: Hy. 7, 103; Hy. Grn. ii. 289, 103. v. a-gyltan.
a-giltst thou repayest, Mt. Bos. 5, 33. v. gilese in gildan.
a-gímeleásian, -giémeleásian; p. ode; pp. od To neglect, despise; negligere :-- Ne agiémeleása [MS. C. agímeleása] ðú Godes swingan noli negligere disciplinam Domini, Past. 36,4; Hat. MS. 47 b, 3. v. gymeleásian.
a-gimmed, -gymmed; part. Gemmed, set with gems; gemmatus :-- Agimmed and gesmiðed bend a gemmed and worked crown, a diadem; diadema, Ælfc. Gl. 64; Som. 69, 12; Wrt. Voc. 40, 46. Agimmed gerdel, vel gyrdel, vel angseta, vel hringc a gemmed girdle or ring; strophium, 64; Som. 69, 20; Wrt. Voc. 40, 51; pp. of a-gimmian. v. gimmian.
a-ginnan.; ic aginne, ðú aginnest, aginst, he aginneþ, agineþ, aginþ, agynþ; p. agan, pl. agunnon; pp. agunnen; v. a. To begin, to set upon, undertake, take in hand; incipere :-- And agynþ beátan hys efenþeówas cœperit percutere conservos suos, Mt. Bos. 24, 49. Hi agynnon hine tæ-acute;lan incipiant illudere ei, Lk. Bos. 14, 29: 23, 5. He agan hí sendan twám and twám cœpit eos mittere binos, Mk. Bos. 6, 7.
a-gíta, an; m. A spendthrift; prodigus. Past. 20, 2; Hat. MS. 29 b, 10.
a-gitan; p. -geat, pl. -geáton, -géton; pp. -giten [a away, gitan to get] To destroy, abolish, subvert; destruere, exstinguere, subvertere :-- He ageat gylp wera he destroyed the vaunt of men, Cd. 169; Th. 210, 12; Exod. 514. HI heafodgirnrne agéton they destroyed the gem of the head, Andr. Reed. 63; [aguton, Grm. 32; Kmbl. 63.]
a-gitan To discover,find; deprehendere, L.N.P. 48; Th. ii. 296, 27. v. a-gytan.
agítan; p. -geát, -gét, pl. -guton; pp. -goten To pour out, shed; effundere :-- Swá hwá swá agít mannes blód, his blód biþ agoten quicumque effuderit humanum sanguinem fundetur sanguis illius, Gen. 9, 6.
ag-lác, æg-læ-acute;c, es; n. [ag nequitia; lác ludus, donum] Misery, grief, trouble, vexation, sorrow, torment; miseria, dolor, tribulatio, molestia, tristitia, cruciatus :-- Of ðam agláce from that misery. Exon. 101 b; Th. 383, 7; Rä. 4, 7. Aglác dreóge I suffer misery, 127b; Th. 490, 5; Rä. 79, 6. Ðæ-acute;r hie ðæt aglác drugon where they suffered that torment, Cd. 185; Th. 230, 25; Dan. 238. v. ag.
ag-lác-hád, es; m. [ag nequitia; lác ludus, donum; hád conditio, status] Misery-hood, a state of misery; afflictionis conditio. Exon. 113 b; Th. 435, 24; Rä. 54, 5.
ag-læ-acute;ca, -læ-acute;cea, -léca, an; m. [ah-læ-acute;ca, æg-, æc-; ag-lác, -læ-acute;c misery; a the m. of personal noun] A miserable being, wretch, miscreant, monster, fierce combatant; miser, perditus, monstrum, bellator immanis :-- Ne ðæt se aglæ-acute;ca yldan þohte nor did the wretch [Grendel] mean to delay that, Beo. Th. 1482; B. 739. Earme aglæ-acute;can miserable wretches, Exon. 41 a;
30 AG-LÆ-acute;C-CEÆFT -- ÁH.
Th. 136, 26; Gú. 547. Satanus, earm aglæ-acute; ca Satan, miserable wretch, Cd. 223; Th. 293, 1; Sat. 448: Exon. 69 b; Th. 258, 21; Jul. 268: 70a; Th. 261, 22; Jul. 319: Beo. Th. 1116; 8. 556: 5177; B. 2592.
ag-læ-acute;c-cræft, es; n. An evil art. Andr. Kmbl. 2724; An. 1364. v. ac-læ-acute; c-cræft.
ag-læ-acute; cea, an; m. A wretch, miscreant, monster; miser, perditus, monstrum :-- Wið ðam aglæ-acute; cean against the wretch, Beo. Th. 5033; B. 2520: 5107; B. 2557: 5177; B. 2592. v. ag-læ-acute; ca.
ag-læ-acute;c-wíf, es; n. A wretch of a woman, vile crone; monstrum mu-lieris, mulier perniciosa :-- Grendles módor, ides, aglæ-acute; c-wíf Grendel's mother, the woman, vile crone. Beo. Th. 2522 ; B. 1259.
ag-léca, an; m. A wretch, miscreant, v. æg-léca, ag-læ-acute; cea.
a-glídan; p. -glád, pl, -glidon; pp. -gliden To glide or slip; labascere, Cot. 123. DER. glídan.
ágnian = áhnian; part. ágnigende; p. ade, ode; pp. ad, od; v. a. To own, possess, to appropriate to himself, to prove or claim as one's own ; possidere, vindicare sibi :-- Hú miht ðú, ðonne, ðé ágnian heora gód how canst thou, then, appropriate to thyself their good? Bt. 14, 1; Fox 42, 26. Ðone gleówstól [MS. gleáwstól] bróðor mín ágnade my brother possessed the seat of joy, Exon. 130a; Th. 499, 3; Rä. 88, 10. He ágnige hit let him prove it as his own [keep possession of it, Th.], L. C. S. 24; Th. i. 390, 10, 11: L. 0. 13; Th. i. 184, 5. Swá he hit ágnode [MS. B. áhnode], swá he hit týmde as he claimed it as his own, so he advocated it, L. Ed. 1; Th. i. 160, 8. Áhnodon, Ps. Spl. 43, 4. DER. ágan.
ágniend, áhniend, es; m. An owner, a possessor; possessor :-- Se ðe ys áhniend eorþan and heofenan qui est possessor cœli et terræ, Gen. 14, 22.
ágniend-líc; adj. Possessive, pertaining to possession or owning; possessivus. DER. ágniende = ágnigende; part, of ágnian, -líc.
ágnung, e; f. An owning; possessio, L. Eth. ii. 9; Th. i. 290, 20. v. ágenung.
ag-nys, -nyss, e; f. Sorrow, affliction; ærumna :-- On agnysse [MS. T. angnisse] min in ærumna mea, Ps. Spl. 31, 4. v. ag.
agof=agob A word formed in the Riddles by inverting the. order of the letters in the word boga a bow. Agob [MS, agof] is mín noma eft onhwyrfed agob is my name transposed, Exon. 106 b; Th. 405, 12; Rä. 24, 1.
a-gól sang; cantavit, Beo. Th. 3047; B. 1521; p. of a-galan,
a-golden repaid, Bd. 1, 7; S. 477, 37, v. a-gildan.
agon they own, Cd. 104; Th. 138, 18; Gen. 2293; pres. pl. of ágan.
a-gongen passed, Cd. 83; Th. 103, 17; Gen. 1719; pp. of agangan.
a-goten poured out, Ps. Th. 78, ii, v. a-geotan.
a-gotenes, a-gotennys, -nyss, e; f. An effusion, a pouring or shedding forth, out or abroad; effusio :-- Agotennys teára a shedding of tears, Med. pec. 16.
a-græfen engraved, carved; cælatum. Cot, 33. v. a-grafan,
a-grafan; p. -gróf, pl. -grófon; pp, -grafen To engrave, inscribe; sculpere, cælare, sculptare, inscribere :-- He sealde Moise twá stæ-acute; nene wexbreda mid Godes handa agrafene dedit Moisi duas tabulas scriptas digito Dei, Ex. 31, 18. Beó se mann awirged, ðe wirce agrafene godas oððe gegotene maledictus homo, qui facit sculptile el conflatile, Deut, 27, 15: Lev. 26, 1, On agrafenum anlícnyssum in sculptilibus. Ps, Spl. 77, 64. Se ðisne beám agróf he inscribed this beam, Exon. 123a; Th. 473, 10; Bo. 13.
a-grafen-líce, an; n. [a-grafen carved, -lice a body] That which is carved, a carved image; sculptile :-- He gebæ-acute;don ðæt agrafenlíce adora verunt sculptile, Ps. Spl. 105, 19.
agrimonia, an; f. Agrimony; agrimonia eupatoria :-- Gením agrimonian take agrimony, L. M. 1, 2 ; Lchdm, ii. 36, 21: 1, 31; Lchdm, ii. 74, 15. The native name was garclife, q. v.
a-grísan To dread, fear greatly, shudder; horrere :-- Ðæt he for helle agrise that he shudder for hell, L. C. E. 25; Th. i. 374, 13.
a-grisen-líc horrible; terribilis, v. angríslíc, gríslíc.
a-gróf inscribed, Exon. 1233; Th, 473, 10; Bo. 12; p. of a-grafan.
a-grówan [a, gróðwan to grow] To grow under, to cover; succrescere :-- Seó eorþe stód mid holtum agrówen the earth was [stood] covered [overgrown] with groves [holts]. Hexam. 6; Norm. 12, 4.
a-grýndan; p. -grand, pl. -grúndon; pp. -grúnden To ground, to descend to the earth; ad solum descendere :-- Gim astíhþ on heofonas up hýhst on geáre and of tille agrýnt the gem [i. e. the sun] rises in trie heavens highest in the year and descends from its station. Menol. Fox 220; Men. 111.
agu A pie, magpie; pica, Ælfc. Gl, 38; Som. 63, 22; Wrt. Voc. 29, 43.
águn possess, Exon. 33 b ; Th. 106, 33 ; Gú. 50; 3rd pl. pres. of ágan. V. agon.
Agustin. es; m: Agust&i-long;nus, August&i-long;nus, i; m: lat. St. Augustine, the missionary sent by Pope Gregory to England, A. D. 597; Augustinus :-- A. D. 597, Hér com Augustínus and his geferan to Engla lande now, A. D. 597. Augustine and his companions came to England, Chr. 597; Th. 35, 41, col. 2. Gregorius sende Agustíne pallium Gregorius misit Augustino pallium, Bd. 1, 29; S. 498, 12. Æfter Agustíne after Augustine, 2, 4; S. 505, 9. Ðæt he sende Godes þeów Agustínum bodian Godes word Ángel-þeóde ut mitteret servum Dei August&i-long;num prædicare verbum Dei genii Anglorum, Bd. 1, 23; S. 485, 27. Agustínus com on Breotone August&i-long;nus pervenit Brittaniam, 1, 25 ; S. 486, 13. Ðæt Gregorius sende Agustíno pallium ut Gregorius August&i-long;no pallium miserit, 1, 29, titl.; S. 498, 2. Æfter ðyssum forþferde ðá Gode se leófa fæder Agustínus, and his líchoma wæs úte bebyriged néh cyricean ðara eádigra Apla' Petrus and Paulus, for ðon heó ðá gyta ne wæs fullíce geworht ne gehálgod. Sóna ðæs ðe heó gehálgod wæs ðá dyde mon his líchoman in, and on ðære cyricean norþ portice gedefelíce wæs bebyriged. . . . Is awriten in Sce' Agustínus byrigenne ðysses gemetes gewrit :-- Hér resteþ Domne Agustínus se æ-acute;resta ærceb' Cantwarena burge, se geára hider fram ðam eádigan Gregorie ðære Rómániscan burge B' sended wæs, and fram Gode mid wundra wyrcnesse awreðed wæs, Æðelbyrht cyning and his þeóde fram deófulgylda bigonge he to Cristes geleáfan gelæ-acute; dde, and on sibbe gefyldum dagum his þénunge forþféred wæs ða ðý dæge septima Kl Junias on ðæs ylcan cyninges ríce' defunctus est autem Deo dilectus pater August&i-long;nus, et positum corpus ejus foras, juxta ecclesiam beatorum apostolorum Petri et Pauli, quia ea necdum fuerat perfecta, nec dedicata. Mox vero ut dedicata esf, intro inlatum, et in porticu illius aquilonali decenter sepultum est [Sep. 13, 613]. . . . Scriptum vero est in tumba ejusdem August&i-long;ni epitaphium hujusmodi :-- Hic requiescit domnus August&i-long;nus Doruvernensis [Canterbury] archiepiscopus primus, qui olim huc a beato Gregorio Romanæ urbis pontifice directus, et a Deo operatione miraculorum suffultus, Ædilberctum [Ethelbert] regem, ac gentem illius ab idolorum cultu ad Christi fidem perduxit, et completis in pace diebus officii sui, defunctus est septima kalendas Junias [May 26, A. D. 604] eodem rege regnante, ' Bd. 2, 3; S. 504, 30-505, 4; Mobr. 95, 10-15, 96, 1-8. v. August&i-long;nus.
Agustus; nom. acc. gen. Agustuses; dat.-Agustuse; m. [generally spelled incorrectly in Anglo-Saxon MSS: Agustus, as well as Agustinus, for Augustus and August&i-long;nus, from augustus majestic, august, from augeo to increase, exalt, honour, praise], I. Augustus, the first Roman emperor, reigned from A. C. 30 to A. D. 14 :-- Wearþ Agustus sárig Augustus was grieved, Ors. 5, 15; Bos. 114, 38. Agustuses látteówas the generals of Augustus, 5, 15; Bos. 114, 34. Bfiton Agustuse sylfum without Augustus himself, 5, 15; Bos. 114, 35. II. the month of August; mensis Augustus, Menol. Fox 275; Men. 139. v. Augustus.
agute poured out, Gen. 4, 11; subj. p. of a-geótan.
a-gyfan; p. -geaf, pl. -geáfon, -gefón; pp. -gyfen To restore, give up, repay, pay, give; reddere, tradere, solvere, dare. Mt. Bos. 27, 58: Cd. 79; Th. 98, 7; Gen. 1626: Mt. Bos. 18, 28: 21, 41: 20, 8: Exon. 127a; Th. 489, 19; Rä. 78, 10. A-gyfen, 44a; Th. 148, 30; Gú. 752. v. a-gifan.
a-gyldan; ðú -gyltst, he -gylt; p. -geald, pl. -guldon; pp. -golden To pay, render, repay, requite :-- Ic agylde reddo, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 8; Som. 33, 5. Ðæt ic mín gehát agylde ut reddam vota mea, Ps. Th. 60, 6. Ðú agyldest ánra gehwylcum wyð weorc heora tu reddes unicuique juxta opera sua, Ps. Spl. 61, 11. Drihtne ðú agyltst ðíne áþas reddes Domino juramenta tua, Mt. Bos. 5, 33. Ná agylt non solvet, Ps. Spl. 36, 32. XII scillingas agylde ðam cyninge let him pay twelve shillings to the. king, L. H. E. 9; Th. i. 30, 15. v. a-gildan, gildan.
a-gylde; adv. Without compensation, L. Eth. v. 31; Th. i. 312, 12. v. æ-gilde.
a-gyltan, -giltan; p. -gylte, -gilte; pp. -gylt, -gilt [a, gyltan to be guilty] To fail in duty, to commit, become guilty, offend, sin against; delinquere, committere, admittere, peccare :-- Ic agyite ego deliqui, Ps. Th. 118, 67. Agyltan, 74, 4: Ex. 10, 16: Hy. 7, 114: Ælfc. Gr. 28, 4; Som. 31, 39, 41. Ðæt he agylte on him sylfum ut delinquat in semet ipso, Ps. Spl. 35, 1. Agyltan wið to offend or sin against. Twegen afýryde men agylton wið heora hlaford peccaverunt duo eunuchi domino suo. Gen. 40, 1.
a-gýmeleásian; p. ode; pp. od To neglect, despise; negligere. v, a-gímeleásian, gýmeleásian,
a-gymmed set with gems :-- Agymmed hringc ungulus, Ælfc. Gl. 65; Som. 69, 30; Wrt. Voc. 40, 59. v. a-gimmed.
a-gynþ beginneth, Mt. Bos. 24, 49. v. a-ginnan.
a-gytan, -gitan; p. -geat, pl. -geáton; pp. -gyten, -giten [a from, gitan to get] To discover, know, understand, consider; cognoscere, intelligere, deprehendere :-- Ðæt hit man geornor agytan mæ-acute; ge that it may be better understood, Ors. 2, 1; Bos. 38, 30. Gecýðnyssa ðíne ic ageat testimonia tua intellexi, Ps. Spl. 118, 95, 99: 48, 12. Gif ðonne æ-acute;ni-man agiten wurþe if then any one be found, L. N. P. 48; Th. ii. 296, 27.
ah But, but also, whether; sed, sed et, numquid :-- Ne miþ ðú, ah ðínne modsefan staðola shrink not thou, but strengthen thy mind, Andr. Kmbl. 2420; An. 1211: 3337; An. 1672: 3403; An. 1705: 463; An. 232: Cd. 219; Th. 281, 7; Sat. 268: 228; Th. 308. 21; Sat. 696. Ah and tunge mín biþ smégende rehtwísnisse ðíne sed et lingua mea meditabitur justitiam tuam, Ps. Surt. 70, 24. Ah ætfileþ ðé seld unrihtwísnesse numquid adhæret tibi sedes inquitatus? Ps. Surt. 93, 20. Ah ne honne? Mk. Lind. Rush. War. 6, 3. v. ac; conj.
ah- [= ag-, q. v.] DER. ah-læ-acute; ca, an; m. a wretch, etc.
áh has, owns; habet, Byrht. Th. 136, 60; By. 175; 3rd pres. of ágan.
a-habban; p. -hæfde; subj. pres. s. -hæbbe [a from, habban to have] To abstain, restrain; abstinere :-- Ðú ne woldest ðé ahabban fram ðam húse ðæs forlorenan mannes noluisti te continere a domo ferditi, Bd. 3, 22; S. 553, 36. Ðæt Herebald eallinga hine fram ðam geflíte ahæbbe ut Herebald ab ilia se certamine funditus abstineat, 5, 6; S. 619, 4.
a-hæbban; p. -hóf, pl. -hófon; pp. -hæfen To heave up, raise, exalt :-- Hió biþ up ahæfen ofer hí selfe she is exalted above herself, Bt. Met. Fox 20, 437; Met. 20, 219: 25, 37; Met. 25, 19: Elen. Kmbl. 19; El. 10. V. a-hebban.
a-hafen lifted up, raised, exalted, Cd. 69; Th. 84, 21; Gen. 1401: Ps. Spl. 106, 25; pp. of a-hebban.
a-hafennes, -hafenes, -hafennys, -ness, -nyss, e; f. A lifting up, an elevation, elation, pride; elevatio, elatio :-- Ahafenes handa mínra elevatio manuum mearum, Ps. Th. 140, 3. Ahafennys elevatio, Ps. Spl. 140, 2. Wundorlice ahafennyssa sæ-acute; mirabiles elationes marls, 92, 6.
a-hangen hung, Mt. Bos. 16, 2; pp. of a-hón.
a-heardian; p. ode; pp. od; v. intrans. To harden, grow hard, become inured to anything, to last, hold out, endure; durare, perdurare, indurescere :-- On swá mycelre geþræstnesse and forhæfednesse módes and líchoman aheardode and awunode he hardened and continued in so great contrition and restraint of mind and body; in tanta mentis et corporis contritione duravit, Bd. 5, 12; S. 627, 28. AheardaÞ his gebod perdurat ejus imperium, R. Ben, 68. v. a-hyrdian; v. trans.
a-heardung, e; f. A hardening; induratio. v, heard. heardian, heardnes.
a-heáwan; p. -heów; pp. -heáwen To hew or cut out or off, hew down, prepare by cutting, mate smooth, plane; excidere, resecare, succidere, levigare :-- On hys niwan byrgene, ða he aheów on stáne in monumento suo novo, quod exciderat in petra. Mt. Bos. 27, 60. On aheáwene byrgene in monumento exclso, Lk. Bos. 23, 53: Bd. 3, 6; S. 528, 26. Ic wæs aheáwen holtes on ende, astyred of stefne mínum I was hewn down at the end of a wood, removed from my trunk, Rood Recd. 57; Kr. 29. Aheáwen treów cut wood, timber; lignum, Ælfc. Gr. 8; Som. 8, 1. Of aheáwenum bordum of hewn or planed boards; de lignis levigatis, Gen. 6, 14.
a-hebban, -hæbban; ðú -hefst, he -hefeþ, pl. -hebbaþ; p. -hóf, pl. -hófon; imp. -hefe; pp. -hafen To heave up, lift up, raise, elevate, exalt, ferment; levare, tollere, elevare, erigere, exaltare, extollere, fer-mentare :-- Nolde his eágan ahebban up to ðam heofone nolebat oculos ad cælum levare, Lk. Bos. 18, 13. To ahebbanne levare, Gen. 48, 17. Ðú ahófe me on écne dreám thou raisedst me to everlasting joy, Exon. 100 a; Th. 376, 12; Seel. 153. Se ðe ródor ahóf who hove up the firmament, Andr. Kmbl. 1042; Au. 521. Nymþe heó wæs ahafen on ða heán lyft unless it was raised in the high air, Cd. 69; Th. 84, 21; Gen. 1401. Ic ahebbé ðé, Drihten exaltabo te, Domine, Ps. Spl. 29, 1: 117, 27. Ðú ðe ahefst me qui exaltas me, 9, 14: Ps. Th. 63, 6: 91, 9: 148, 13. Ne ahebbaþ ge to heá eówre hygeþancas nolite extollere in altum cornu vestrum, 74, 5. Óþ he wæs eall ahafen donec fermentatum est totum, Mt. Bos. 13, 33.
a-hefan; p. -hefde; pp, -hefed To heave up, lift up, raise; levare, elevare, extender :-- Ahefdon upp ðone arc elevaverunt arcam, Gen. 7, 17. He ahefde upp his hand extendit manum, Ex. 17. He ahefde up he lifted up, 14, 27, v. a-hebban.
a-hefednes, -ness, e; f. An elevation, elation, pride, = a-hafennes. Lye. v. up-a-hefednes.
a-hefen = a-hafen raised up, exalted, Lk. Lind. War. 13, 13: Bd. 3, 16; S. 543, 3. col. 2; pp. of a-hebban.
a-hefeþ raises up, exalts, Cd. 220; Th. 283, 27; Sat. 311: Ps. Th. 74, 7: 144, 15. v. a-hebban.
a-hefigian, -hefgian; p. ode; pp. od, ad To make heavy or sad, to weigh down, burden; gravare, contristare, deprimere :-- Swá biþ ðam móde, ðonne hit biþ ahefigad mid ðæ-acute;m ymbhogum ðisse worulde so is it with the mind, when it is weighed down by the anxieties of this world, Bt. 24, 4; Fox 84, 32. Ahefgade gravati, Mt. Lind. Stv. 26, 43. v. hefigian.
a-hefst raisest up, exaltest, Ps. Spl. 9, 14. v. a-hebban.
a-héhst, -héhþ shalt or shall hang up, crucify; appendet, suspendet, Deut. 21, 22. v. a-hón.
a-helpan; p. -healp, pl. -hulpon; pp. -holpen To help, assist; auxiliari, adjuvate, subvenire :-- Ahelpe mín se hálga Dryhten may the holy Lord help me, Exon. 117b; Th. 452, 13; Hy. 4, l. v. helpan; gen. dat.
a-hénan; p. de; pp. ed To humble, abase, tread down or under foot; humiliare, calcare :-- Biþ ahéned calcabitur, Lk. Lind. War. 21, 24. v. hénan, hýnan.
a-héncg hung, Ælfc. Gr. 26, 6; Som. 29, 13; p. of a-hón.
a-héng hung. Exon. 70 a; Th. 260, 29; Jul. 305; p. of a-hón.
a-heólorian; p. ede, ode; pp. ed, od To weigh, balance; librare, trutinare. v. heólorian.
a-heordan ? p. de; pp. ed [heorde = hyrde a guardian, keeper] To set free from a guardian; e custodia liberare :-- Abreót brimwísan, brýd aheorde slew the sea-leader, set free his bride, Beo. Th. 5853; B. 2930.
a-herian; p. ode; pp. od To hire; conducere, Cot. 43, 204. v. a-hýrian.
a-hérian; p. ede; pp. ed To praise fully, celebrate enough; plene laudare, satis celebrare :-- Ne mæg ðé ahérian hæleða æ-acute;nig not any men can fully praise thee, Hy. 3, 10; Hy. Grn. ii. 281, 10; prec. 3 ad calcem Cœdm. l. 5.
a-hicgan; p. -hogde, -hogode; pp. -hugod To devise, search, invent, Cd. 94; Th. 122, 24; Gen. 2031. v. a-hycgan.
a-hiéðan to destroy, lay waste, despoil, Salm. Kmbl. 147, MS. A; Sal. 73. v. a-hýðan.
a-hildan; p. -hilde; pp. -hilded, -hild To incline, decline; inclinare, declinare :-- Ne ahilde ge náðer ne on ða wynstran healfe ne on ða swíðran non declinabitis neque ad dexteram neque ad sinistram, Deut. 5, 32. v. a-hyldan.
a-hiscean to hiss at, to mock; irridere. v. hiscan.
a-híðan to rob, destroy; vastare, subvertere, Exon. 873; Th. 328, 9; Vy. 15. v. a-hýðan.
a-híðend, es; m. A robber, an extortioner; grassator, Cot. 95.
a-hládan; p. -hlód, pl. -hlódon; pp. -hláden [a from, hládan to lade] To draw out, draw forth; exhaurire, educere :-- Ic hláde haurio: ic of ahláde [MS. C. ofhláde] exhaurio, Ælfc. Gr. 30, 2; Som. 34, 41. He of hæfte ahlód folces unrím he drew forth from captivity numberless people, Exon. 16a; Th. 35, 34; Cri. 568.
ah-læ-acute;ca, an; m. [ah- = ag- = æg- = æc- nequitia; læ-acute;c ludus, donum; -a the personal termination, q. v.] A miserable being, miscreant, monster ; miser, perditus, monstrum :-- He wiste ðæm ahlæ-acute;can hilde geþinged he knew conflict was destined for the miscreant, Beo. Th. 1297; B. 646: 1983 ; B. 989. v. ag-læ-acute;ca.
a-hlæ-acute;nan; p. de; pp. ed [a, hlæ-acute;nan to lean] To set himself up; exsurgere :-- Se ðe hine selfne þurh oferhygda up ahlæ-acute;neþ he who through presumption sets himself up, Exon. 84a; Th. 316, 24; Mód. 53. [M. H. Ger. sich úf leinan: Ger. sich auflehnen.]
a-hlæ-acute;nsian; p. ude; pp. ud [læ-acute;nian to be or make lean, hlæ-acute;ne lean] To soak, steep, make lean; macerare, Scint. 10.
a-hleápan; p. -hleóp, pl. -hleópon; pp. -hleápen [a from, hleápan to leap] To leap, leap up; exsilire, insilire, prosilire, desilire :-- Alexander ahleóp and ofslóh hine Alexander leaped up and slew him, Ors. 3, 9; Bos. 67, 7. Ahleópon ðá ealle then all jumped up, 5, 12; Bos. 112, 24. Ahleóp ðá fór hæleðum hilde-calla the herald of war leaped then before the warriors, Cd. 156; Th. 193, 25; Exod. 252 : Andr. Kmbl. 1472; An. 737: 2405; An. 1204: Beo. Th. 2798; B. 1397.
a-hlehhan, -hlyhhan; p. -hlóh, -hlóg, pl. -hlógon; pp. -hlahhen. I. to laugh at; ridere, deridere :-- Ðá ðæt wíf ahlóh wereda Drihtnes the woman then laughed at the Lord of hosts, Cd. 109; Th. 143, 16; Gen. 2380. II. to exult, laugh; exultare, lætari :-- Heorte mín ahlyhheþ lætetur cor meum, Ps. Th. 85, 11. His mód ahlóg his mind laughed, Beo. Th. 1465; B. 730: Salm. Kmbl. 358; Sal. 178. v. hlehhan.
a-hlinian; p. ode; pp. od To loose; solvere. v. hlinian.
a-hlog, -hlóh laughed at, laughed, Cd. 109; Th. 143, 16; Gen. 2380; p. of a-hlehhan.
a-hlówan To low or bellow again; reboare. v. hlówan to low.
a-hlutred purified; purificatus, Cot. 68; pp. of a-hluttrian.
a-hluttrian; p. ede; pp. ed To purify, scum, refine, cleanse; purifi-care :-- Ðú me ahluttra purify me, Ps. C. 50, 73; Ps. Grn. ii. 278, 73. Ahlutred wín vinum defæcatum. Cot. 68. v. hluttran.
a-hlyhheþ laughs at, Ps. Th. 85, ii. v. a-hlehhan, -hlyhhan.
a-hneápan; p. -hneóp, pl. -hneópon; pp. -hneápen To pluck off; decarpere :-- Heó of beáme a-hneóp wæstm biweredne she plucked from the tree the prohibited fruit, Exon. 45 a; Th. 153, 2; Gú. 819. [Goth. dishniupan, dishnaupnan discerpere: O. Nrs. hnupla sarripere.] v. hneápan.
a-hnescian; p. ode; pp. od To become weak; emollire :-- Ahnesco-don became weak. Ors. 5, 3; Bos. 103, 42. v. hnescian.
áhniend, es; m. An owner, Gen. 14, 22. v. ágniend.
áhnodon owned; possederunt. Ps. Spl. 43, 4. v. ágnian.
áhnung an owning, L. Ed. 1; Lambd. 38, 25. v. ágenung.
a-hnyscan; p. -hnyscte; pp. -hnysct To mock; subsannare :-- Fýnd úre ahnyscton us inimici nostri subsannaverunt nos, Ps. Spl. 79, 7. v. a-hiscean.
a-hó hang; suspendo, Ælfc. Gr. 26, 6; Som. 29, 12; pres. of a-hón.
a-hóf raised, Andr. Kmbl. 1042; An. 521; p. of a-hebban.
a-hofyn = a-hafen elated, Ps. Spl. C. 130, 1; pp. of ahebban.
a-hóh crucify :-- Ahóh hine crucifige eum, Mk. Bos. 15, 14; impert. of a-hón.
a-holan; p. ede To dig; fodere. Mt. Kmbl. Rl. 5, 29. v. a-holede.
a-hold faithful; fidelis, fidus. v. hold.
a-holede, an; n. An engraved or embossed work; opus lacunatum. Cot. 7; pp. of a-holan to dig.
a-holian; p. ode; pp. od [ a, holian to hollow] To dig; eruere, fodere :-- Gyf ðín eáge ðé swícaþ, ahola hyt út si oculus tuus scandalizat te, erue eum, Mt. Bos. 18, 9: 5, 29.
a-hón, to a-hónn; ic -hó, ðú -héhst, he -héhþ; impert. -hóh; p. -héng.
-héncg, pl. -héngon; pp. -hongen, -hangen To hang, crucify; suspendere, crucifigere :-- He Andreas hát ahón on heáhne beám he commanded to hang Andrew on a high tree, Exon. 70a; Th. 261, 3; Jul. 309: Gen. 40, 19. Ic ahó suspendo; ic ahéncg suspendi, Ælfc. Gr. 26, 6; Som. 29, 12. Sealde heom to ahónne tradidit eis ut crucifigeretur, Mt. Bos. 27, 26. Ahóh hine crucifige eum, Mk. Bos. 15, 14. On gealgan ahéhþ he shall hang on a gallows, Deut. 21, 22. Ðæt hí hine ahéngon ut crucifigerent eum, Mk. Bos. 15, 20: Mt. Bos. 27, 35: Mk. Bos. 15, 25. Ðæt he ahangen wæ-acute; re that he should be crucified, 15, 15 : Mt. Bos. 27, 38, 44. Sý he ahangen crucifigatur, 27, 23. Pilatus on róde ahéng ródera Waldend Pilate had crucified on the cross the Ruler of the skies, Exon. 70a; Th. 260, 29; Jul. 305: Elen. Kmbl. 419; El. 210. He ahangen wæs he was hanged, Elen. Kmbl. 887; El. 445 : 903; El. 453.
a-hongen hung. Exon. 24a; Th. 67, 26; Cri. 1094; pp. of ahón.
a-hreddan; p. -hredde; pp. -hreded, -hred [a from, hreddan to rid] To rid, liberate, set free, deliver, rescue; liberare, eripere, eruere :-- Ðæt he sceolde his folc ahreddan that he should deliver his people, Jud. 6, 14. Ðæt ðú us ahredde that thou deliver us, Exon. 13 a; Th. 23, 25; Cri. 374. Ðe ðú ahreddest whom thou hast rescued, Cd. 97; Th. 128, 15; Gen. 2127. He hí æt hungre ahredde he rid them of the famine, Ors. 1, 5; Bos. 28, 40. Loth wæs ahreded Lot was rescued, Cd. 96; Th. 125, 27; Gen. 2085. Ahred. 94; Th. 122, 26: Gen. 2032. Ahrede me hefiges nídes feónda mínra eripe me de inimicis meis, Ps. Th. 58, 1. Ahrede me hearmcwidum heánra manna redime me a calumniis hominum, 118, 134. Ic ahredde eruo, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 3; Som. 30, 55, 63.
a-hreded commotus, Ps. Th. 59, 2; Ps. Grn. ii. 158, 59, 2. v. a-hréran.
a-hreófod; adj. Leprous; leprosus, Martyr. 21, Sep.
a-hreósan; p. -hreás, pl. -hruron; pp. -hroren [a, hreósan to rush] To rush, fall, fall down; irruere, mere, corruere, decidere :-- Bleówun windas and ahruron on ðæt hús flaverunt venti et irruerunt in domum illam, Mt. Bos. 7, 25. On Godes naman ahreóse ðís tempel in God's name let this temple fall down. Homl. Th. i. 72, 2, 5. He ahreás he fell, Homl. Th. i. 192, 20.
a-hrepian; p. ode; pp. od To touch; tangere. v. hrepian.
a-hréran; p. de; pp. ed [a, hréran to move, agitate] To shake, make to tremble; commovere :-- Heó ahréred [MS. ahreded] is commota est, Ps. Th. 59, 2.
a-hrínan, -hrýnan; p. -hrán, pl. -hrinon; pp. -hrinen To touch; tangere :-- Ge ne ahrínaþ ða seámas. mid eówrum ánum fingre uno digito vestro non tangitis sarcinas, Lk. Bos. 11, 46. Ahrýn múntas tange montes, Ps. Spl. 143, 6.
a-hruron rushed, Mt. Bos. 7, 25; p. pl. of a-hreosan.
a-hrydred robbed; expilatus, Cot. 73. v. aþryd.
a-hrýnan To touch; tangere, Ps. Spl. 143, 6. v. a-hrínan.
a-hrysian; p. ode; pp. od To shake violently; excutere :-- Drihten ahrysode da wéstan eorþan the lord shook violently the desert earth, Ps. Th. 28, 6. Ahrysod ic eom excussus sum, Ps. Spl. 108, 22. Ahryse ða moldan of shake the mould off, Herb. 1, 1; Lchdm, i. 70, 8. v. hrysian.
ahse, an; f. Ashes :-- Forðon ahsan swá swá hláf ic æt quia cinerem tanquam panem manducabam, Ps. Spl. 101, 10: 147, 5. v. asce.
ahsian; p. ode; pp. od. I. to ask, demand, call, summon before one; interrogare, postulare, exigere :-- He ongan hine ahsian he began to call him, Cd. 40; Th. 53, 18; Gen. 863: Deut. 4, 32: Ps. Th. 14, 2. II. to obtain, experience; nancisci, experiri :-- He weán ahsode he obtained woe, Beo. Th. 2417; B. 1206: 851; B. 423. v. acsian.
áhst hast, ownest. Elen. Kmbl. 1448; El. 726; 2nd pers. sing. pres. indic. of ágan.
áht, es; n. AUGHT, anything, something; aliquid, quidquam :-- Nó he ð
æ-acute;r áht cwices læ-acute;fan wolde he would leave not anything living there, Beo. Th. 4618; B. 2314: Ps. Th. 143, 4. Ðe áhtes wæ-acute;ron who were of aught, of any account or value, Chr. 992; Th. 238, 35. Ðæt án man, ðe himsylf áht wæ-acute;re, mihte faran that a man, who himself was aught, might go, 1087; Th. 355, 17. v. á-wiht.
ahta eight. Menol. Fox 188; Men. 95. v. eahta.
áhte, áhtest had, owned :-- He sealde eall ðæt he áhte he sold all that he had; vendidit ornnia quæ habuit, Mt. Bos. 13, 46; p. of ágan.
áht-líce; adv. Courageously, manfully, triumphantly; viriliter, Chr. 1071; Gib. p. 181, 16; Th. 347, 18; Ing. 277, 10; Erl. 203, 2: 210, 22.
áhton had, owned, possessed :-- Ðe Caldeas cyningdóm áhton the Chaldeans possessed the kingdom, Cd. 209; Th. 258, 24; Dan. 680; p. pl. of ágan.
a-húðan; p. -heáþ, pl. -hudon; pp. -hoden [a from, húð prey] To spoil, rob, plunder, diripere, expilare, spoliare :-- Fýnd ahúðan [MS. ahudan] mid herge hordburh wera the foes plundered with their band the treasure-city of the men, Cd. 93; Th. 121, 8; Gen. 2007.
á-hwá; g. -hwæs; d. -hwám; acc. -hwone; pron. [á, hwá who] Any, one; aliquis :-- Gif he áhwám geweólde if he have done violence to any one, L. Pen. 16; Th; ii. 284, 6.
a-hwæ-acute;nan; p. ede: pp. ed To vex, trouble; contristare, vexare, molestare :-- Gyf hwylc cyld ahwæ-acute;ned sý if any child be vexed, Herb. 20, 7; Lchdm, i. 116, 8.
á-hwænne; adv. When, sometime; quando :-- Drihten áhwænne be-healtst ðu Domine quando respicies, Ps. Spl. 34, 20: 7, 2. v. hwænne.
a-hwæ-acute; r, -hwár, -hwér, -wér; adv. [á always, ever, every; hwæ-acute;r where]. I. everywhere, somewhere, anywhere; uspiam, alicubi, usquequaque :-- Ne mæg ic hine áhwæ-acute;r [uspiam] befleón, Ps. Th. 61, 6. Ne forlæ-acute;t ðú me áhwæ-acute;r eorþan, oððe æ-acute;ghwanan non me derelinquas usquequaque, Ps. Lamb. 118, 8: Ps. Th. 54, 24: 68, 7: 108, 12: 62, 9: 71, 12: 113, 10: 118, 39: Ps. Spl. 118, 8. II. in any wise; quoquo modo :-- Habbe ic æ-acute; áwer benumen ðínra gifena have I in any wise deprived thee of thy gifts? Bt. 7, 3; Fox 20, 14.
á-hwæ-acute;rgen everywhere; uspiam, Bt. Met. Fox 30, 19; Met. 30, 10.
a-hwæt = -hwet = -hwetted whetted; Ors. 6, 30; Bos. 126, 17; pp. of a-hwettan.
á-hwæðer; aaj, pron. Some one, any one, anything; quis, aliquis, aliquid :-- Nis me ege mannes for áhwæðer nontimebo quid faciat mihi homo [non est mihi hominis timor pro aliquo], Ps. Th. 55, 4: 117, 6. v. áwðer, ná-hwæðer.
á-hwár; adv. I. somewhere, anywhere; alicubi :-- De he áhwár gefremode that he anywhere occasioned, L. Pen. 16; Th. ii. 284, 6. Ahwár on lande anywhere within the land, L. E. G. 11; Th. i. 172, 21. II. in any wise; quoquo modo :-- And se man, ðe wiðcwiþ ðínum bebodum [Grn. wordum] áhwár, beo he deáþes scildig and the man, who shall in any wise contradict [speak against] thy commands [Grn. words], he shall be guilty of death, Jos. l, 18. v. á-hwæ-acute;r.
a-hwelfan [a, hwelfan] to cast down, cover over, Ps. Lamb. 58, 12. v. a-hwylfan.
a-hweorfan; p. -hwearf, pl. -hwurforn; pp. -hworfen. I. v. trans. To turn away, convert; avertere, convertere :-- Ne læ-acute;t ðé ahweorfan hæ-acute;ðenra þrym let not the power of the heathen turn thee away, Andr. Kmbl. 1913; An. 959. Ðæt he of Sione ahweorfe hæft-néd that he would turn away captivity from Sion, Ps. Th. 125, 1. Ðú eart of ðínre stilnesse ahworfen thou art moved from thy tranquillity, Bt. 7, 1. Fox 16, 24. II. v. intrans. To turn away, turn, move; averti, convert! :-- Sigor eft ahwearf of norþ-monna níþ-geteóne victory turned away again from the northmen's hostile malice, Cd. 95; Th. 124, 24; Gen. 2067. Hie of sib-lufan Godes ahwurfon they turned away from the love of God, Cd. 1; Th. 2, 26; Gen. 25. Ðá his gást ahwearf in Godes gemynd then his spirit turned to thought of God, Cd. 206; Th. 255, 26; Dan. 630.
á-hwér; adv. Everywhere; alicubi, Ors. 3, 7; Bos. 60, 7. v. á-hwæ-acute;r.
a-hwerfan; p. de; pp. ed To turn away; avertere :-- Ahwerf fram synnum ðíne ansióne averte faciem tuam a peccatis, Ps. C. 50, 83; Ps. Grn. ii. p. 278, 83. Ahwerfed, Bt. 37, 4; Fox 192, 12. v. a-hwyrfan.
a-hwettan; p. -hwette; pp. -hwetted. I. to whet, excite; excitare, accendere :-- Ðæt ic ðé mæ-acute;ge lust ahwettan that I may excite thy desire, Andr. Kmbl. 606; An. 303. II. to provide; adhibere, subministrare :-- Ic eów góda gehwæs ést ahwette I will provide you the favour [liberal supply] of every good, Andr. Kmbl. 678; An. 339. III. to cast away, drive away; abigere, repudiare :-- God ahwet hie from his hyldo God will cast them away from his favour, Cd. 21; Th. 26, 13.
á-hwider on every side; quoquoversum. v. æ-acute;g-hwider.
ah-wilc ? [ah = ag nequitia, hwilc] adj. Terrible; terribilis, Ælfc. Gl. 116; Som. 80, 65; Wrt. Voc. 61, 43.
a-hwonan, -hwonon; adv. [a from, hwonan whence] From what place, whence, somewhere, anywhere; alicubi. Bd. 5, 12; 8S. 629, 16. Ahwonan útane from without, outwardly, extrinsically, Bt. 34, 3; Fox 136, 23.
a-hworfen moved, Bt. 7, 1; Fox 16, 24; pp. of a-hweorfan.
á-hwylc whatsoever; qualiscunque, C. R. Ben. 46. v. æ-acute;g-hwilc.
a-hwylfan, -hwelfan; p. de; pp. ed [a, hwylfan to cover or vault] To cover over, overwhelm; operire, obruere, deponere :-- Seó sæ-acute; ahwylfde Pharaones cratu aqutæ operuerunt currus Pharaonis, Ex. 14, 27. Alege oððe ahwelf híg cast down [or cover over] them, Ps. Lamb. 58, 12.
a-hwyrfan, -hwerfan; p. de; pp. ed To turn away; avertere :-- Ðæt ic ðé meahte ahwyrfan from hálor that I might turn thee from salvation, Exon. 71a; Th. 264, 6; Jul. 360. Ne ahwyrf ne avertas, Ps. Th. 89, 3. Ahwyrfde, subj. perf. would cast, Exon. 39a; Th. 129, 33; Gú. 430.
a-hycgan, -hicgan; p. -hogde, -hogode; pp. [ge]-hugod To devise, search, invent; excogitare, perscrutari, invenire :-- Leóhtor ðonne hit men mæ-acute;gen módum ahycgan more clearly than men may in mind devise it, Exon. 21 a; Th. 56, 20; Cri. 903. Bæd him ðæs ræ-acute;d ahicgan besought them to devise counsel for this, Cd. 94; Th. 122, 24; Gen. 2031: 178; Th. 224, 3; Dan. 130. Hie ahogodan heoro they invented the sword, Exon. 92 a; Th. 346, 9; Gn. Ex. 202. v. hycgan.
a-hýdan; p. de; pp. ed To hide; abscondere, occuhare :-- Tungol beóþ ahýded the star is hidden, Exon. 57 a; Th. 204, 12; Ph. 96: Cd. 148; Th. 184, 30; Exod. 115. Rómáne gesomnodon al ða goldhord and sume on eorþan ahýddon the Romans collected all the treasures and hid some in the earth, Chr. 418 ; Th. 18, 6, col. I. v. hý-dan.
a-hyldan, -hildan; p. -hylde; pp. -hylded, -hyld. I. to incline, recline: inclinare, reclinare :-- Ahylde ic míne heortan inclinavi cor meum, Ps. Th. 118, 112. Ahyld me ðín eáre inclina aurem tuam ad me, 85, 1. Ahylded, 103, 6. Hwár he his heáfod ahylde ubi caput reclinet, Lk. Bos. 9.
A-HYLDENDLÍCE -- ALDOR-LEÁS. 33
58. II. to decline, turn away, avert from; declinare, inclinare :-- Ahyld fram yfele declina a mala, Ps. Spl. 36, 28. Beóþ ðé ahylded fram wíta unrím from thee shall be averted the numberless torments, Exon. 68a; Th. 252, 31; Jul. 171. Se dæg wæs ahyld dies inclinata est, Lk. Bos. 24, 29: Ps. Th. 108, 23. Ne ahilde ge non declinabitis, Deut. 5, 32.
a-hyldendlíce incliningly; enclitice, inclinative; part. of a-hyldan, -líce.
a-hyltan [a from, away; hylt holds, 3rd pres. of healdan] should take support away, supplant; supplantaret :-- Ða þohton ðæt hí ahyltan [ = ahylten] me who thought that they should supplant me, Ps. Th. 139, 5. v. healdan IV.
a-hyrdan; p. -hyrde, -hyrte; pp. -hyrded, -hyrd; v. trans. To harden, make hard; durare, indurare :-- Ic ahyrde Pharaones heortan ego indurabo cor Pharaonis, Ex. 4, 21. Ahyrde hyra heortan induravit cor eorum, Jn. Bos. 12, 40; Ex. 8, 15. Ahyrdon heoro slíðendne they hardened the wounding sword. Exon. 92 a; Th. 346, 9; Gn. Ex. 202. Ecg wæs íren ahyrded heaðo-swáte its edge was iron hardened with battle-blood, Beo. Th. 2924; B. 1460: Ex. 8, 19: Mt. Bos. 13, 15: Ps. Th. 119, 4.
a-hyrdincg, e; f. A hardening; induratio, App. Scint. v. a-heardung.
a-hýrian; p. ode; pp. od To hire; conducere :-- He úteóde ahyrian wyrhtan exiit conducere operarios, Mt. Bos. 20, 1: Jn. Bos. 10, 13.
a-hyrstan; p. -hyrste; pp. -hyrst To roast, fry; frigere. v. hyrstan.
a-hyrte hardened, Ex. 8, 15, = a-hyrde; p. of a-hyrdan.
a-hýðan, -híðan, -hiéðan To destroy, lay waste, despoil; vastare, abo-lere, subvertere :-- Hí woldon Rómwara ríce geþringan, hergum ahýðan they would conquer the empire of the Romans, lay it waste with their armies, Elen. Kmbl. 81; El. 41. Hungor he ahýðeþ [MS. A. ahiéðeþ] hunger despoileth it, Salm. Kmbl. 147; Sal. 73. Ahíðan, Exon. 87a; Th. 328, 9; Vy. 15. DER. hýðan prædari.
a-ídlan; p. ede; pp. ed. I. v. intrans. To become idle, free from; vacare :-- Ðá gegyrelan from hæ-acute;lo gife ne a-ídledon indumenta a gratia curandi non vacarunt, Bd. 4, 31; S. 611, 6. II. v. trans. To profane; profanare :-- Monige ðone geleáfan mid unrihte weorce a-ídledon multi fidem iniquis profanabant operibus, Bd. 4, 27; S. 604, 5.
a-ídlian, -igan; p. ode, ude; pp. od, ad, ud To make useless, vain, to empty, annul, profane; irritum facere, frustrari, exinanire, cassare, profanare :-- Ic a-ídlige frustror, Ælfc. Gr. 25 ; Som. 26, 63. A-ídlian cassare, Cot. 43: 204: 179. He a-ídlode mín wedd pactum meum irritum fecit, Gen. 17, 14. þræst his nys a-ídlude fæx ejus non est exinanita, Ps. Spl. 74, 8. Seó untrumnys byþ a-ídlud the infirmity will be annulled, Herb. 121, 2; Lchdm, i. 234, 8. Ðæt Cristes geleáfan a-ídlad wæ-acute;re fidem profanatam esse, Bd. 3, 30; S. 562, 7.
ain, aina one, Gen. 43, 6. v. ÁN II.
al, æl, eal, awul, awel, e; f. An AWL, a fork, flesh-hook; subula, fuscinula, harpago :-- þirlige his eáre mid ale bore his ear through with an awl, Lev. 25, 10: L. Alf. 11; Th. i. 46, 10, MS. G. [Chauc, oule: Wyc. al: O. H. Ger. ala, f: M. H. Ger. al, f: Ger. ahle. f; O. Nrs. alr, m.]
al all, Cd. 213; Th. 265, 16; Sat. 8: 214; Th. 268, 24; Sat. 60. v. eal.
a-ládian [a from, ládian to clear] To excuse, to make excuse for; excusare :-- Hú mágon hí hí a-ládigen [MS. Cot. aládian] how can they excuse themselves? Bt. 41, 3; Fox 248, 21.
a-læ-acute;dan; p. de; pp. ed [a from, læ-acute;dan to lead] I. to lead, lead out, withdraw, take away; ducere, producere, educere :-- Ic alæ-acute;dde ðé of lande eduxi te de terra, Ps. Spl. 80, 9: Ps. Th. 80, 10: 142, 12: 103, 14: Cd. 73; Th. 90, 15; Gen. 1495. Ic eom alæ-acute;ded fram leóhte I am led out from the light, Cd. 217; Th. 275, 27; Sat. 178: Ps. Spl. 108, 22. II. to be produced, brought forth, to grow; produci :-- Ðú of foldan fódder neátum læ-acute;test alæ-acute;dan thou permittest fodder to be produced from the earth for cattle, Ps. Th. 103, 13. Swylce he of ægerum út alæ-acute;de as it from an egg had been brought forth, Exon. 593; Th. 214, 3; Ph. 233: 59b; Th. 215, 11; Ph. 251.
a-læ-acute;nan; p. ede; pp. ed To lend; accommodare :-- Alæ-acute;ned feoh pignus, Ælfc. Gl. 14; Som. 58, 10.
a-læ-acute;ran; p. ede; pp. ed To teach; docere, edocere :-- Me ðíne dómas alæ-acute;r judicia tua doce me, Ps. Th. 118, 108.
a-læ-acute;tan, a-létan; p. -lét, pl. -léton; pp. -læ-acute;ten; v. a. [a from, læ-acute; tan to let] To let go, lay down, leave, give up, lose, renounce, resign, remit, pardon, deliver; sinere, abjicere, deponere, relinquere, remittere, condonare, relaxare, liberare :-- Ðæt ðú ne alæ-acute;te dóm gedreósan that thou wouldest not let thy greatness sink, Beo. Th. 5323; B. 2665: Cd. 205; Th. 253, 3; Dan. 590. Ic hæbbe ánweald míne sáwle to alæ-acute;tanne I have power to lay down my life [soul], Jn. Bos. 10, 18. Ic ðæt alétan ne sceal I will not let that go, Solil. 8. Ðú hine alæ-acute;tst thou lettest it go, Bt. 25; Fox 88, 34. Swá sceal æ-acute;ghwylc mon læ-acute;n-dagas alæ-acute;tan so must every man leave these loan- [lent or transitory] days, Beo. Th. 5175; B. 2591. Ðæt ic mæ-acute;ge mín líf alæ-acute;tan that I may resign my life, 5494; B. 2750: Exon, 72b; Th. 271, 16; Jul. 483. Úre leáhtras alæ-acute;t pardon our crimes, Hy. 6, 20; Hy. Grn. ii. 286, 20: Cd. 29; Th. 39, 9; Gen. 622. Hí wurdon alæ-acute;ten líges ganga [MS. gange] they were delivered from the flame's course, 187; Th. 232, 20; Dan. 263. Hý heora líf aléton they lost their lives, Ors. 3, 8: Bos. 63, 10. Ðá ðæt fýr hie alét when the ire left them, 4, 7; Bos. 87, 19.
a-læ-acute;tnes, ness, e; f. A loss, losing; amissio, Somn. 326.
a-lamp happened, occurred, Beo. Th. 1249; B. 622; p. of a-limpan.
alan; ic ale, ðú alest, alst, he aleþ, alþ, pl. alaþ; p. ól, pl. ólon; pp. alen. I. to nourish, grow, produce; alere, procreare :-- Swylce eorþe ól as the earth nourished, Exon. 94a; Th. 353, 35; Reim. 23. II. to appear; apparere :-- Da ne alaþ which appear not; quæ non apparent, Lk. Lind. War. 11, 44. [Goth, alan; pp. alans crescere: O. Nrs. ala gignere, parere, procreare: Lat. alere.]
a-langian; p. ode; pp. od; v. impers. [a, langian] To last too long, to long for; diutius durare, exoptare :-- Me alangaþ [MS. a langaþ] it lasts me too long, Exon. 100 a; Th. 376, 13; Seel. 154.
alaÞ ale, Th. Diplrn. A. D. 883; 130, 3. v. ealaþ.
ald, se alda old :-- Alde méce with an ancient sword, Cd. 167; Th. 209, 5; Exod. 494: Elen. Grm. 252: Bd. 3, 7; S. 530, 11. Se alda út of helle the old one out of hell, Cd. 213; Th. 267, 6; Sat. 34. DER. ald-er, -erdðm, -friþ, -hád, -helm, -or, -Seaxe. v. eald.
alder an elder, author, Bd. 2, 5; S. 507, 40. v. aldor.
alder-dóm, es; m. Authority, Bd. 1, 27; S. 492, 12, MS. B. v. ealdor-dóm.
AldfriÞ, es; m. [aid = eald old; friþ peace] Alfred the wise, king of Northumbria :-- A. D. 685, Hér Aldfriþ féng to ríce here, A. D. 685, Alfred succeeded [took] to the kingdom, Chr. 685; Erl. 41, 29. On Aldfriþes tídum in temporibus Aldfridi, Bd. 5, 1; S. 614, 20. A. D. 705, Hér Aldfriþ Norþanhymbra cining forþférde here, A. D. 705, Alfred, king of the Northumbrians, died, Chr. 705; Erl. 43, 32. v. Ælfred king of Northumbria.
ald-had, es; m. [ald = eald old; hád hood] Old age; senectus, = eald-hád.
Aldhelm, Ealdhelm, es; m. [aid=eald old; helm an helmet i] ALDHELM bishop of Sherborne; Aldhelmus apud Scireburnam episcopus:-- Hér Aldhelm be westan Selewuda bisceop forþférde here [A. D. 709] Aldhelm bishop west of Selwood [Sherborne] died, Chr. 709; Th. 68, 17, col. 2. Ealdhelm, Chr. 731; Th. 74, 31, col. 2.
aldor, es; m. [aldor=ealdor an elder]. I. an elder, parent, author; parens, auctor. Cd. 76; Th. 95, 14; Gen. 1578: L. H. E. pref; Th. i. 26, 6. II. a chief, prince; præpositus, princeps, Cd. 30; Th. 40, 15; Gen. 639: 82; Th. 103, 1; Gen. 1711: 89; Th. 111, 30; Gen. 1863: 209; Th. 259, 7; Dan. 688: Beo. Th. 744; B. 369: 1340; B. 668: Andr. Kmbl, 110; An. 55: Elen. Grm. 157: Bt. Met. Fox 26, 14; Met. 26, 7. DER. aldor-apostol, -burh, -déma, -dóm, -duguþ, -freá, -leás, -líe, -líce, -man, -mon, -nes, -ness, -þægn, -wísa. v. ealdor.
aldor, es; n. [aldor = ealdor life]. I. life, the vital parts of the body; vita :-- Ðonne ðú of líce aldor asendest when thou sendest life from thy body, Cd. 134; Th. 168, 29; Gen. 2790: 126; Th. 160, 27; Gen. 2656: Elen. Grm. 132: Andr. Kmbl. 2702; An. 1353: Beo. Th. 1364; B. 680. Wit on gársecg út aldrum néþdon we two ventured out on the sea with [peril to] our lives. Beo. Th. 1080; B. 538: 1024; B. 510. Ðæt se wæ-acute;re his aldre scyldig that he with his life should pay [be liable], Cd. 196; Th. 244, 19; Dan. 450. Ðæt him on aldre stód here-stræ-acute;l hearda so that the hard war-shaft stood in his vital parts, Beo. Th. 2873; B. 1434. II. age, in the expressions -- On aldre ever, to aldre always. On aldre, Elen. Grm. 570: Beo. Th. 3563; B. 1779: Cd. 21; Th. 26, 6; Gen. 402. To aldre, Beo. Th. 4014; B. 2005: 4990; B. 2498: Cd. 22 ; Th. 27, 33; Gen. 427: 22 ; Th. 28, 15 ; Gen. 436: Elen. Grm. 350: 1218. DER. aldor-bana, -bealu, -cearu, -dæg, -gedál, -leás, -leg, -ner. v. ealdor.
aldor-apostol, es; m. The chief of the apostles; apostolorum princeps, Bd. 3, 17; S. 543, 41, col. 2. v. ealdor-apostol.
aldor-bana, an; m. [aldor = ealdor life; bana a destroyer] A life destroyer; vitæ destructor, Cd. 49; Th. 63, 17; Gen. 1033.
aldor-bealu vital evil, Beo. Th. 3356; B. 1676. v. ealdor-bealu.
aldor-burh metropolis, Bd. 1, 26; S. 488, 20. v. ealdor-burh.
aldor-cearu, e; f. Life-care, care for life, life-long care; cura propter vitam, ærumna longinqua :-- He wearþ eallum æðelingum to aldorceare he became a life-care to all nobles, Beo. Th. 1817; B. 906.
aldor-dæg; g. -dæges; pl. nom. acc. -dagas; m. Life-day, day of life; dies vitæ, Beo. Th. 1440; B. 718. v. ealdor-dæg.
aldor-déma, an; m. A supreme judge, a prince; supremus judex, princeps, Cd. 57; Th. 70, 21; Gen. 1156: 114; Th. 149, 28; Gen. 2481.
aldor-dóm a principality, Cd. 208; Th. 256, 16; Dan. 641: 209; Th. 258, 27; Dan. 682: Elen. Grm. 767: Lk. Lind. Rush. War. 20, 20. v. ealdor-dóm.
aldor-duguÞ a chief nobility, Cd. 95; Th. 125, 19; Gen. 2081. v. ealdor-duguþ.
aldor-freá, an; m. A chief lord; princeps dominus, Cd. 174; Th. 218, 29; Dan. 46.
aldor-gedál, es; u. A divorce or separation from life, Cd. 52; Th. 65, 25; Gen. 1071: Beo. Th. 1615 ; B. 805. v. ealdor-gedál.
aldor-leás lifeless, Beo. Th. 3178; B. 1587. v. ealdor-leás.
aldor-leás deprived of parents; orphanus. Jn. Lind. War. 14, 18. Aldorleás [MS. aldoras], Beo. Th. 30; B. 15.
aldor-leg=-læg, es; n. Life-law, fate :-- Ðæt ge cúðon míne aldorlege that ye know my life's destiny. Cd. 179; Th. 224, 20; Dan. 139. v. ealdor-leg = -læg.
aldor-líc principal; principalis. v. ealdor-líc.
aldor-líce; adv. [aldor = ealdor, -líce] Principally, excellently; princi-paliter, magnificenter, Ps. C. 50, 103; Ps. Grn. ii. 279, 103.
alclor-mon, -monn, es; m. [aldor = ealdor an elder; mon] An elder-man, alderman, nobleman, chief; major natu, princeps. Th. Diplm. A. D. 804-829; 459, 3: Chr. 851; Th. 120, 19, col. 1: Lk. Jun. 19, 2. v. ealdor-man.
aldor-ner, es; n. A life's safety, refuge; vitæ servatio, asylum :-- Ne mæg ic aldor-nere míne gesécan I cannot seek my life's safety, Cd. 117; Th. 151, 22; Gen. 2512. Ðæt we aldor-nere sécan móten that we may seek an asylum, Cd. 117; Th. 152, 13; Gen. 2519. v. ealdor-ner.
aldornes, ness, e ; f. Authority; auctoritas :-- Se bisceop mid biscoplícre aldornesse [ealdorlicnysse, S. 553, 35] wæs cýðende episcopus pontificali auctoritate protestatus, Bd. 3, 22; Whel. 224, 22.
aldor-þægn, aldor-þegn, es; m. A principal thane, chief, Cd. 214; Th. 268, 36; Sat. 66: Beo. Th. 2620; B. 1308. v. ealdor-þegn.
aldor-wísa, an; m. A chief ruler, chief; principalis dux, princeps :-- Æðelinga aldor-wísa the chief ruler of men, Cd. 63; Th. 75, 9; Gen. 1237. v. eald-wíta.
Ald-Seaxe the Old-Saxons, Chr. 780; Th. 92, 29, col. 1: 885; Th. 154, 20, col. 1. v. Eald-Seaxe.
a-leáh, -leág falsified, Ors. 3, 6; Bos. 58, 7; p. of a-leógan.
a-leát bent down :-- Aleát wið ðæs engles bent down before the angel, Num. 22, 31; p. of a-lútan.
a-lecgan, -lecgean; he -legeþ, -legþ, -lehþ, pl. -lecgaþ; p. -legde, -léde , pl. -legdon, -lédon; pp. -legd, -léd; v. trans. [a from, lecgan to lay]. I. to place, lay down, throw down, suppress, lay aside, cease from; ponere, collocare, prosternere, deponere, abjicere, relinquere, omittere :-- Alecgan hine to lay him down, Lk. Bos. 5, 19: Ors. 6, 30; Bos. 126, 25. He mec on þeóstre alegde he laid me in darkness, Exon. 28b; Th. 87, 11; Cri. 1423: Beo. Th. 4395; B. 2194: 67; B. 34: 6273; B. 3141. He hond alegde he laid down the hand, 1673; B. 834. Hie alédon hine they laid him down, Rood Kmbl. 125; Kr. 63: Ors. 5, 13; Bos. 113, 31. Híg gemetton ðæt cild on binne aléd invenerunt infantem positum in præsepio. Lk. Bos. 2, 16: 19, 20. Hý hleahtor alegdon they laid laughter aside, Exon. 35a; Th. 116, 1; Gú. 200: Beo. Th. 6033; B. 3020: 1707; B. 851. Híg alédon ða to hys fótum projecerunt eos adpedes ejus, Mt. Bos. 15, 30. Híg alédon heora fýnd they threw down their enemies, Jos. 10, 13. Unriht alecgan to suppress injustice, L. C. S. 7; Th. i. 380, 8. Alecgende word ðæt is deponens verbum, for ðan ðe he legþ him fram ða áne getácnunge, and hylt ða óðre. Ða alecgendlícan word getácniaþ dæ-acute;de deponentia verba significant actum, swá swá activa; ac hí ge-endiaþ on or, swá swá passiva, -- ic wraxlige luctor, ic sprece loquor, hér is dæ-acute;d a deponent verb is so called in Latin, because while it keeps its passive inflections it has deposed or laid aside its passive signification, and has only an active meaning; as the Latin luctor = ic wraxlige I wrestle; loquor=ic sprece I speak, here is action, Ælfc. Gr. 19; Som. 22, 54-57. II. to impose, inflict upon; imponere, immittere :-- Ðú woldest on me wrohte alecgean thou wouldest inflict calamity upon me, Cd. 127; Th. 162, 21; Gen. 2684. III. to diminish, take away, refuse; imminuere, deprimere, reprimere :-- Godes lof alecgan to diminish God's glory, Ælfc. T. 22, 20. He næ-acute;fre ða leán alegeþ he never refuseth the reward, Exon. 33b; Th. 107, 23; Gú. 63.
alecgende word, alecgendlíc word a deponent verb; deponens verbum; part. of a-lecgan I, q. v.
a-léd put, laid, Lk. Bos. 2, 16; pp. of a-lecgan.
a-lédon laid, posnerunt, Rood Kmbl. 125; Kr. 63; p. of a-lecgan.
a-lefan; pp. ed [a, lef weak, feeble] To become weak, feeble; langues-cere :-- Ðæt we fæston mid geráde, swá ðæt úre líchama alefed ne wurþe ut cum ratione jejunemus, ita ut corpus nostrum languidius nefiat, Bd. 3, 23; Whel. 228, 45.
a-léfan; p. de; pp. ed To permit, grant; permittere, concedere :-- Ðæt he us æ-acute;fre wille eard aléfan that he will ever grant us a dwelling, Cd. 115; Th. 272, 8; Sat. 116: 219; Th. 281, 27; Sat. 278. Aléfed permitted. Bt. 38, 5; Fox 206, 7. v. a-lýfan.
a-legde should lay, Ors. 5, 13; Bos. 113, 31; p. of a-lecgan.
a-lege lay down; depone :-- Alege oððe ahwelf híg, eálá ðú Drihten cast down [or cover over] them, O Lord! depone eos, Domine! Ps. Lamb. 58, 12; impert. of a-lecgan.
a-legen confined, Bt. 18, 3; Fox 64, 31; pp. of a-licgan.
a-léh belied, Beo. Th. 160; B. 80; p. of a-leógan.
a-lénian [a, læ-acute;nian to be lean] To make lean, to soak; macerare, Ælf. pref. Hom. p. 4.
a-leódan; p. -leád, pl. -ludon; pp. -loden [a, leódan to spring] To grow ; germinare, crescere :-- Ðe under lyfte a-loden wurde what was grown up under heaven, Exon. 128a; Th. 493, 5; Rä. 81, 25: Ps. Th. 106, 36.
a-leógan; p. -leág, -leáh, -léh, pl. -lugon; pp. -logen [a, leógan to lie, lig] To lie, tell lies, belie, deceive; mentiri, confutare, non præstare :-- He aleág he belied, Bt. Met. Fox 1, 78; Met. 1, 39. Heó hyre gehát aleáh she belied her vow, Ors. 3, 6; Bos. 58, 7. He beót ne aléh he belied not his promise, Beo. Th. 160; B. 80. Hí aleógaþ him they tell lies to him, Bt. 26, 1; Fox 90, 18: L. In. 13; Th. i. 110, 12.
a-leoðian; p. ode; pp. od [lið a limb, to-liðian to dissolve, Grn.] To dismember; avellere, abstrahere, sejungere. -- He ðæt andweorc of Adames líce aleoðode he dismembered the substance from Adam's body, Cd. 9; Th. 11, 18; Gen. 177.
aler, es; m. The alder; alnus :-- Aleres rinde seóþ boil bark of alder, L. M. 2, 39; Lchdm, ii. 248, 17. v. alor.
aler-holt, es; m. [aler the alder; holt a grove, wood] An alder wood; alnetum. v. alor.
a-lesan; p. -læs, pl. -læ-acute;son; pp. -lesen [a, lesan to choose] To choose; eligere, seligere :-- þeóden holde hæfde him alesen the prince had faithful ones chosen to him, Cd. 151; Th. 189, 11; Exod. 183: 154; Th. 192, 7; Exod. 228: Elen. Kmbl. 571; El. 286: 759; El. 380.
a-lésan; p. de; pp. ed To redeem; solvere, liberare, Hy. 8, 33; Hy. Grn. ii. p. 290, 33. v. a-lýsan.
a-lésend, es; m. A redeemer; redemptor, Bt. 42; Fox 260, 14. v: a-lýsend.
a-lésenis redemption, Mt. Lind. Stv. 20, 28. v. a-lýsnes.
alet, es; m. [alet=æled, pp. of ælan to kindle] Fire; ignis, Cd. 186; Th. 232, 3; Dan. 254.
a-lét, -léton left, gave up, Ors. 3, 8; Bos. 63, 10; p. of a-læ-acute;tan.
a-létan to leave, let go; dimittere :-- Ic ðæt alétan ne sceal I will not let that go, Solil. 8: Ors. 4, 7; Bos. 87, 19. v. a-læ-acute;tan.
a-leðran; p. ede; pp. ed To lather; saponem illinere :-- Smire mid on niht and on morgen aleðre smear therewith at night and in the morning lather it, L. M. 1, 54; Lchdm, ii. 126, 11.
alét-líc; adj. Pardonable; remissibilis. v. algé gave up; líc like.
alewe, aluwe, alwe, an; f. The aloe, bitter spice, in the plural aloes; aloe :-- He brohte wyrt-gemang and alewan tulit herbarum commixtionem et aloes, Jn. Bos. 19, 39. Murre and alwe myrrh, and aloe, L. M. 2, 65 ; Lchdm, ii. 296, 20. Alwan wid untrymnessum aloes for infirmities, L. M. cont. 2, 64; Lchdm, ii. 174, 6. Gedó alwan gódne dæ-acute;l ðæ-acute;ron put a good deal of aloes therein, L. M. 12, 14; Lchdm, ii. 192, 5: 194, 25. Aluwan gegníd rub up aloes, Lchdm, iii. 2, 15. Nim alewan [MS. alewen] take aloes, 104, 26: 134, 9. [HEBREW ahalim. pl. m; HEBREW ahaloth. pl. f. the aloe-trees, the perfumes: Grk. GREEK; f. the aloe: Lat. aloé, és; f. the aloe, a small tree in the east, which has juicy leaves, from which the bitter gum called aloes is extracted]
AlfriÞ, es; m. [al = all = eal, eall all; friþ peace] Alfred the wise, king of Northumbria :-- A. D. 705, Hér Alfriþ, Norþhymbra cing, forþférde here, A. D. 705, Alfred, king of the Northumbrians, died, Chr. 705; Th. 69, 7, col. 3. v. Ælfred king of Northumbria.
al-geweorc, es; n. Tinder, touchwood, a fire-steel; igniarium, Recd. 40, 34; Wrt. Voc. 66, 42: Cot. 107: 164.
algian; p. ode; pp. od To defend; defendere. DER. ge-algian. v. ealgian.
alh, alhn, es; m. A sheltering-place, temple, fane; asylum, templum :-- Tempel Gode, alhn háligne a temple for God, a holy fane. Cd. 162; Th. 202, 22; Exod. 392. [O. Sax. O. H. Ger. alah: Goth. alhs.] v. healh, hearh.
alh-stede, es; m. A sheltering-place, city; arx, urbs, Cd. 209; Th. 259, 11; Dan. 690. v. ealh-stede.
a-libban, -lybban; p. -lifde, -lyfde; pp. -lifd, -lyfd To live, live after, survive; vivere, superesse :-- Ðæt heó wolde hyre líf on fæmnanháde alibban that she would live out her life in maidenhood, Ors. 3, 6; Bos. 58, 5. Hwá unclæ-acute;nnisse líf alifde who lived a life of uncleanness, Exon, 116 b; Th. 448, 32; Dóm. 63: Hý. 4, 115. Hy on bilwitnesse hyra líf alyfdon they lived a harmless life, Ors. 1, 2; Bos. 27, 5: Ex. 21, 22.
alibbend, es; m. A survivor, one who lives after; superstes; part. of a-libban.
a-licgan, -licgean; p. -læg, pl. -læ-acute;gon; pp. -legen To lie, fail, confine, perish; jacere, conquiescere, deficere, aboleri :-- Nú sceal eall éðelwyn alicgean now all joy of country shall fail, Beo. Th. 5764; B. 2886. His dóm alæg its power failed, Beo. Th. 3061; B. 1528.
a-liéfan, a-lífan to permit; permittere :-- Alífe me permitte mihi, Deut. 3, 25. Aliéfþ, Past. 50, 4. v. a-lyfan.
alieaan to redeem; part, aliésend. v. a-lýsan.
a-lifian; p. ode; pp. od To live; vivere :-- He geþohte ðæt he wolde on fellenum gegyrelan ealle his dagas his lífes alifian he resolved that he would live all the days of his life in clothing of skins, Guthl. 4; Gdwin. 26, 13. v. a-libban.
alíhtan; p. -líhte, pl. -líhton; pp. -líhted; v. a. [a, líhtan to light] To enlighten; illuminare :-- Híg alíhton ða eorþan illuminent terram, Gen. 1, 15. v. lýhtan.
a-líhtan; p. -líhte To ALIGHT ; desilire :-- Ic of alíhte desilio, Ælfc. Gr. 30, 3; Som. 34, 44. v. líhtan.
a-líhting, e; f. Enlightening; illuminatio :-- On alihtinge [MS. alíh-
tincge] andwlitan ðínes in illuminationem vultus tui, Ps. Th. 89, 8. v. líhting.
a-limpan; p. -lamp, pl. -lumpon; pp. -lumpen To happen, befall; evenire, accidere, contingere :-- Óþ-ðæt sæ-acute;l alamp until occasion offered, Beo. Th. 1249; B. 622. Ðá him alumpen wæs wén then hope had occurred to him, Beo. Th. 1471; B. 733.
a-linnan to cease, stop; cessare. v. a-lynnan.
a-lís loose: -- Alís me libera me, Ps. Spl. 7, 1; imperl. of a-lýsan.
a-lísendnes redemption, v. a-lýsednys.
alisian = ahsian; p. ode; pp. od To ask; interrogate :-- Driht ahsiaþ [Spl. alisiaþ] rihtwísne Deus interrogat justum, Ps. Spl. 10, 6, 5; ahsaþ, Ps. Th. 10. 5, 6.
all all, Th. Diplm. A. D. 804-829; 460, 36: Jn. Lind. War. 11, 50: Elen. Grm. 815. v. eal, eall.
al-líc; aaj. [eall all, líc like] Universal, general, catholic; universus :-- we ealle ða ðe asettan ðone allícan geleáfan nos omnes qui fidem catholicam exposuimus, Bd. 4, 17; S. 586, 16.
all-swá likewise, also, Mt. Kmbl. Hat. 21, 30. v. al-swá.
allunga altogether; omnino :-- Ðe allunga underþeóded biþ unþeáwum mho is altogether subject to vices, Bt. 30, 2; Fox 110, 20. v. eall-unga.
All-walda, an; m. [eal, eall all, -wealda ruler] All-ruler, the Almighty, Cd. 15; Th. 19, 15; Gen. 292. v. eal-wealda.
all-wihta all beings :-- Helm allwihta Protector of all creatures. Cd. 64; Th. 78, 9; Gen. 1290. Meotud allwihta Lord of all creatures, Exon. 53a; Th. 185, 9; Az. 5. v. eall-wihta, wiht I, for nom. pl. wihta.
al-mægen, es; n. [eal all, mægen] All power, strength, might; omnis vis :-- Gém, al-mægene, heofones tunglu observe, with all thy power, the stars of heaven, Bt. Met. Fox 29, 6; Met. 29, 3. v. eal-mægen.
almes-lond, es; m. Land given or granted in frankalmoigne; fundus in eleemosynam datus. v. ælmes-lond.
almes-man, -mann, es; m. An almsman; eleemosynarius :-- Donne nime man uncúþ sæ-acute;d æt almesmannum then let one take strange seed of almsmen, Lchdm, i. 400, 17.
a-loccian; p. ode; pp. od To entice; allicere :-- Ðæt hí aloccodan út ða, ðe ðæ-acute;r binnan wæ-acute;ran that they might entice those out, who were there within, Ors. 4, 11; Bos. 97, 39.
a-locen withdrawn, Lk. Bos. 22, 41; pp. of a-lúcan.
a-logen false, feigned; mentitus, falsus; pp. of a-leógan.
alo-malt, es; n. Malt used in making ale; brasium ad cerevisiam conficiendam :-- Genim alomalt take malt for ale, Lchdm, iii. 28, 8.
alor, aler, air, es; m. An ALDER- tree, called ELLER and ALLER ; alnus; alnus glutihosa, Lin. The alder, or rather aler, is an inhabitant of swamps and meadows in all Europe, the north of Africa and Asia, and North America. Its favourite station is by the side of rivulets, or in the elevated parts of marshy land where the soil is drained. Its juice contains a great abundance of tannin, which renders the bark valuable for tanning, and the young shoots for dyeing. Its foliage being large, and of a deep handsome green, the alder is rather an ornamental tree. The alder alnus glutinosa must not be confused with the elder sambucus nigra the elder-tree, v. ellen :-- Bútan alore except alder, L. M. 1, 36; Lchdm, ii. 86, 9. On ðone [MS. ðane] alr to the alder, Cod. Dipl. Apndx. 376; A. D. 939; Kmbl. iii. 413, 5. Aleres rinde seóþ on wætre seethe in water rind of alder, L. M. 2, 39; Lchdm, ii. 248, 17. Air alnus, Ælfc. Gl. 46; Som. 65, 5; Wrt. Voc. 33, 4. [Plat. eller. f: Dut. else, f: O. H. Ger. elira, erila, f: Ger. eller, erle, f: O. Nrs. elrir, ölr, m; elri, n.] DER. alor-drenc, -holt, -rind.
alor-drenc, es; m. An alder-drink; potus alni, L. M. 1, 40; Lchdm. ii. 106, 5.
alor-holt, es; m. An alder-holt, v. aler-holt.
alor-rind, es; m. Alder-rind; cortex alni, L. M. 1, 2; Lchdm, ii. 32, 26.
a-loten prone, submissive, bent down; supplex, Ælfc. Gr. 10; Som. 14, 42. v. a-lútan.
aloÞ ale; -- Wulfréd scolde gifan twá tunnan fulle hlutres aloþ, and ten mittan Wælsces aloþ Wulfred should give two tuns full of clear ale, and ten mittan or measures of Welsh ale, Chr. 852; Ing. 93, 16: Th. Diplm. A. D. 791-796; 40, 4, 5, 6: A. D. 804-829; p. 460, 25. v. ealaþ.
alr, es; m. An alder-tree; alnus, Ælfc. Gl. 46; Som. 65, 5; Wrt. Voc. 33, 4. v. alor.
Alríca, Eallríca, Ealleríca, an; m: Alarícus, i; m. Lot. [al=eall all, ríca a ruler; v. ríc] Alaric; Alarícus, king of the Visigoths, = the west Goths, elected A.D. 382, took Rome 410, and died the same year :-- Alríca wearþ Cristen Alaric became a Christian [about A. D. 396], Ors. 6, 37; Bos. 132, 32. Alrica, se Cristenesta cyning, and se mildesta, mid swá lytlum níþe abræc Róme burh, ðæt he bebeád ðæt man nánne man ne slóge, -- and eác ðæt man nánuht ne wanode, ne ne yfelode ðæs ðe on ðám cyricum wæ-acute;re. And sóna ðæs, on ðam þriddan dæge, hí gefóran út of ðære byrig ágenum willan; swá ðæ-acute;r ne wearþ nán hús heora wyllan forbærned Alaric, the most Christian and the mildest king, sacked Rome with so little violence, that he ordered no one should be slain, -- and that nothing should be taken away, or injured, that was in the churches. Soon after that, on the third day, they went out of the city of their own accord; so there was not a single house burnt by their order. Ors. 6, 38; Bos. 133, 7. Hettulf, Alrícan mæg, Honoriuses sweóstor him to wífe genam Ataulf, Alaric's kinsman, took the sister of Honorius for his wife, Ors. 6, 38; Bos. 133, 14. Seó hergung wæs, þurh Alarícum [acc. Lat.] Gotena cyning, geworden hæc inruptio, per Alarícum regem Gothorum, facta est, Bd. 1, 11; S. 480, 11. Ðæt Eallríca, Gotona cyning, hyre an-waldes hí beniman woldan that Alaric, king of the Goths, would deprive her of her power, Ors. 2, 1; Bos. 39, 37. Ealleríca, Bt. 1; Fox 22.
al-swá also, L. Ethb. 70; Wilk. 6, 41. v. eal-swá.
altar, es; m. An altar; altare:-- Befóran
ðam altare ante allare, Mt. Bos. 5, 24.
alþes of ale; cervisiæ [MS. cervise], gen. s. Rtl. 116, 42. v. alaþ, ealaþ.
a-lúcan; p. -leác, pl. -lucon; pp. -locen [a, lúcan to lock] To separate, take or pluck away, withdraw; avellere :-- He wæs fram liim alocen avulsus est ab eis, Lk. Bos. 22, 41. Alúc ðú hine fram mínum weofode pluck thou him away from mine altar, L. Alf. 13; Th. i. 48, 1.
a-lútan, anlútan; p. -leát, pl. -luton; pp. -loten [a, lútan to bend] To bend, incline, bend or bow down; procumbere :-- Alútende he geseah procumbens vidit, Lk. Bos. 24, 12. He aleát to eorþan he bowed to the earth, Ælfc. T. 37, 8.
aluwe, an; f. Aloe, Lchdm, iii. 2, 15. v. alewe.
al-waldend; adj. [eal all, waldende ruling] All-ruling, almighty; omnipotens :-- Alwaldend God Almighty God, Exon. 123b; Th. 474, 18; Bo. 31.
alwe aloe, L. M. 2, 14; Lchdm, ii. 192, 5: 2, 16; Lchdm, ii. 194, 25. v. alewe.
Al-wealda, -walda, an; m. All-ruler, God, the Almighty; omnium rector, Deus, omnipotens :-- Noldon alwealdan word weorþian they would not revere the all-ruler's [the Almighty's] word, Cd. 18; Th. 21, 23; Gen. 328: Beo. Th. 1861; B. 928. Gif ðé alwalda scirian wille if the Almighty will give [grant] thee, Cd. 136; Th. 171, 10; Gen. 2826. v. eal-wealda.
al-wealda, -walda; def. adj. All-powerful, almighty; omnipotens :-- Alwalda God all-powerful God, Exon. 25a; Th. 73, 17; Cri. 1191: 27b; Th. 83, 33; Cri. 1365. v. eal-wealda.
al-wihta all-beings, Cd. 227; Th. 303, 20; Sat. 616: Exon. 18; Th. 43, 11; Cri. 687: Ps. C. 50, 100; Ps. Grn. ii. 279, 100. v. eall-wihta.
a-lybban; p. -lyfde, pl. -lyfdon; pp. -lyfed [a, lybban to live] To live, live after, survive; vivere, superesse :-- Ðæt ic alybban ne mæg that I may not survive, Nicod. 26; Thw. 13, 37. Heó alyfaþ she shall live, Ex. 21, 22. Alyfdon, Ors. 1, 2; Bos. 27, 5. v. a-libban.
alýfan, hit -lýfþ; p. -lýfde, pl. -lýfdon; impert. -lýf, pp. -lýfed; v. a. To give leave, permit, grant; permittere, concedere, tradere :-- Se eorl ongan alýfan landes the earl began to grant the land, Byrht. Th. 134, 26; By. 90. Alýfe me to farenne permitte me ire, Mt. Bos. 8, 21. Alýf me permitte mihi, Lk. Bos. 9, 59: Hy. 7, 28; Hy. Grn. ii. p. 287, 28: Ps. Th. 139, 8. Hit him Rómáne alýfdon the Romans granted it to him, Ors. 4, 11; Bos. 96, 30: Beo. Th. 1315; B. 655. Wearþ Cartainum friþ alýfed peace was granted to the Carthaginians, Ors, 4, 10; Bos. 96, 12: Exon. 31a; Th. 96, 12; Cri. 1573. Hyt ys alýfed it is permitted, Mt. Bos. 12, 12. Alýfþ licet? Mk. Bos. 3, 4: 10, 2.
a-lyfaÞ shall live, Ex. 21, 22; fut. of a-lybban.
alýfed-líc; adj. [a-lýfed allowed, pp. of a-lýfan; líc like] Allowable; expeditus :-- Alýfedllc þing an allowable thing; fas, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 25; Som. 10, 67.
alýfed-líce; adv. Lawfully, allowably; licite:=a-lýfed allowed, líce; adv.
alýfednes, -ness, e; f. Permission, leave, grant; permissio:=a-lýfed, -nes.
a-lýfþ is it allowable? licet? Mk. Bos. 3, 4. v. a-lýfan.
a-lýhtan to enlighten; illuminare. v. a-líhtan.
alýhtnys, -nyss, e; f. An enlightening, illumination, a lightness; illuminatio :-- Ðú settest unrihtwísnysse úre on alýhtnysse andwlitan ðínne posuisti iniquitates nostras in illuminationem vultus tui, Ps. Spl. 89, 8. v. a-líhting.
a-lynian; p. ode; pp. od To liberate, deliver, free from; liberare :-- Alynian of róde Cristes líchaman to deliver Christ's body from the cross, De offic. diurn. et noct. v. a-lynnan.
a-lynnan, -linnan; p. -lann, pl. -lunnon; pp. -lunnen To deliver, free from, release; liberare, evellere :-- He wolde hine alynnan of láþscipe he would release him from calamity, Cd. 95; Th. 123, 19; Gen. 2048.
a-lýsan, to alýsanne; p. de; impert. -lýs, -lís; pp. ed; v. a; To let loose, free, deliver, liberate, to pay for loosing, to pay, redeem, ransom; liberare, redimere :-- Helias wylle hine alýsan Elias vult liberare eum, Mt. Bos. 27, 49. Fæsten alýsan jejunium solvere, Bd. 5, 4; S. 617, 13. Ðú to alýsanne mannan tu ad liberandum hominem, Te Dm. Lamb. 195b, 16. God alýseþ sáwle míne of handa helle Deus redimet animam meam de manu inferi, Ps. Spl. 48, 16. Alýs us of yfele deliver us from evil, Hy. 7, 113; Hy. Grn. ii. p. 289, 113. Alís me libera me, Ps. Spl. 7, 1: Ps. Th. 53, 1: 58, 11. Alýsaþ þearfan liberate egenum, 81, 4. He alýsde leóda bearn of
36 A-LÝSEDNYS -- A-MEARCIAN.
locan deófla he released the sons of men from the prison of devils, Elen. Kmbl. 361; El. 181. Da ðe ic na reáfode ðá ic alýsde quæ non rapui tunc exsolvebam, Ps. Spl. C. 68, 6: 48, 7. Ðú beó fram him alýsed liberatus sis ab illo. Lk. Bos. 12, 58. Ðá wæs of ðæm hróran helm and byrne alýsed then was helm and byrnie loosed from the active chief, Beo. Th. 3264; B. 1630. We synt alýsde liberati sumus, Ps. Th. 123, 7: 107, 5. Ðæt hí wæ-acute;ron alýsede ut liberentur, 59, 4.
a-lýsednys, -nyss, e; f. Redemption, a ransom; redemptio :-- Weorþ alýsednysse sáwle his pretium redemptionis animæ suæ. Ps. Spl. 48, 8. Úre alýsednyss nostra redemptio, Hymn. Surt. 83, 31.
a-lýsend, alésend, es; m. [alýsende, part. of alýsan to deliver] A liberator, deliverer, redeemer; liberator, redemptor :-- Ic lufige ðé, Driht, alýsend mín diligam te, Domine, liberator meus, Ps. Spl. 17, 1, 49: 18, 16. Ic wát ðæt mín Alýsend leofaþ I know that my Redeemer liveth, Job Thw. 167, 40: Ps. Th. 69, 7: 77, 34: 143, 2.
a-lýsendlíc; adj. Loosing; solutorius :-- He nine acsade, hwæðer he ða alýsendlícan rúne cúðe he asked him, whether he knew the loosing runes [literas solutorias], Bd. 4, 22; S. 591, 25.
a-lýsing, e; f. Redemption; redemptio. Ps. Th. 110, 6.
a-lysnes, -ness, e; f. Redemption; redemptio, Exon. 29 b; Th. 90, 14; Cri. 1474.
a-lystan; p. -lyste; pp. -lysted, -lyst [a, lystan to aoish] To list, wish, desire; desiderare :-- Hwí eów alyste [á lyste, Grn.] why do ye desire? Bt. Met. Fox 10, 36; Met. 10, 18.
am am; sum :-- Ic am ego sum. Mt. Lind. Stv. 26, 22: 11, 29: Jn. Lind. War. 7, 34. Ic am witnesse I am witness. Chr. 1121; Erl. 39, 23. [vide p. 28, note 3, for the date, A. D. 1121.] v. eom.
am-, as a prefix denotes even, equal, v. em-, am-byr.
ám, aam, es; m. The reed or slay of a weaver's loom; pecten texto-rius :-- Ne mec óhwonan sceal ámas [Th. uma, Dietr. áma] cnyssan nor shall the weaver's reeds beat me anywhere, Exon. 109a; Th. 417, 22; Rä. 36, 8.
a-mællad; part. Emptied out, brought to naught; exinanitus, Ps. Surt. 74, 9. v. a-meallud.
a-mæ-acute; n-sumian; p. ode; pp. od [a ex, mæ-acute;n = gemæ-acute;ne communis; sumian = samnian congregare] To excommunicate; excommunicare:-- Síe amæ-acute;nsumod let him be excommunicated, L. Alf. pol. 1; Th. i. 60, 18. v. a-mán-sumian.
a-mæst fat, fattened; altilis :-- Amæste fuglas altilia, Cot. 16.
a-mæstan; p. -mæstede; pp. -mæsted, -mæstd, -mæst [a, mæstan to fatten] To fatten; saginare, impinguare :-- Mára ic eom and fættra ðonne amæsted swín, bearg bellende on bóc-wuda I am larger and fatter than a fattened swine, a barrow-pig grunting in the beech-woods, Exon. 111b; Th. 428, 9; Rä. 41, 105. Sáwl ðe wel spricþ, hió biþ amæst a soul that speakelh well, she shall be fattened. Past. 49, 2.
a-mæt measured, a-mæ-acute;te measuredst, Elen. Kmbl. 2493; El. 1248: 1456; El. 730. v. a-metan.
a-mang; prep. c. dat. [a-, ge-mang; prep. inter] AMONG, while; inter :-- Amang ðám ðe hí ridon while they were riding, inter equitandum, Chr. 1046; Th. 307, 29. v. on-mang, ge-mang, on-gemang.
a-manian, -manigan; p. ode, ade; pp. od, ad [a from, manian to admonish, challenge, lay claim to] To demand, exact; exigere :-- Gif hit se geréfa ne amanige mid rihte if the reeve do not lawfully exact it, L. Ed. 5; Th. i. 162, 12, Se biscop amanige ða oferhýrnesse æt ðam geréfan let the bishop exact the penalty for contempt from the reeve, L. Ath. i. 26; Th. i. 214, 2. Amanige ðære scíre bisceop ða bóte to ðæs cynges handa let the bishop of the shire exact the compensation into the hands of the king, L. Edg. ii. 3; Th. i. 266, 19.
a-mánsod; part. Excommunicated :-- Gif hwá amánsodne [MS. B. amánsumodne] oððe útlahne hæbbe and healde if any one have and hold an excommunicated person, or an outlaw, L. C. S. 67; Th. i. 410, 17.
a-mán-somod excommunicated=a-mán-sumod, L. Edm. E. 2; Th. i. 244, 18, MS. B. v. a-mán-sumian.
a-manst art mindful of; memor es, Ps. Th. 8, 5. v. a-munan.
a-mán-sumian; p. ode, ede, ade; pp. od, ed, ad [a ex, mán = mæ-acute;n -- gemæ-acute;ne communis, sumian = samnian congregare] To excommunicate, anathematize; excommunicare, anathematizare :-- Amánsumede he hine excommunicavit eum, Bd. 3, 22; S. 553, 26. We amánsumiaþ mid heortan and mid múþe ða ðe hí amánsumedan anathematizamus corde et ore quos anathematizarunt, 4, 17; S. 586, 10, 11. Hý amánsumodon done mæsse-preost Arríum they excommunicated the mass-priest Arius, L. Ælf. C. 3; Th. ii. 344, 2. Amánsumed excommunicated, Chr. 675 ; Th. 59, 12: 963; Th. 221, 23: 1070; Th. 347, 4: L. Eth. v. 29; Th. i. 312, 1.
a-mán-sumung, -sumnung, e; f. [a ex, man = mæ-acute;n = gemæ-acute;ne communis, sumnung = samnung a congregation] Excommunication, a curse; excommunicatio, anathema :-- Besmiten mid ðære amánsumunge pollutus anathemate, Jos. 7, 12: R. Ben. 51: Proœm. R. Conc. v. mán-sumung.
a-máwan; p. -meów; pp. -máwen [a, máwan to mow] To mow, cut off; demetere, desecare, Ps. Th. 101, 4.
ambeht, es; m. A servant, attendant, messenger, officer; minister, servus, nuntius, legatus. [O. Sax. ambahteo, m: O. H. Ger. ampaht, m : Goth. andbahts, m: O. Nrs. ambátt. f. ancilla: Lat. ambactus, m. a vassal, a dependant upon a lord.] v. ombeht, ombiht, omeht.
ambeht, ambiht, ambieht, ambyht [an-, em-, on-], gen. es; nom. acc. pl. o; n. An office, ministry, service, command, message; officium, ministerium, jussum, mandatum :-- Ðæm óleccaþ ealle gesceafte, ðe ðæs ambehtes áwuht cunnon all creatures obey him, that know aught of this service, Bt. Met. Fox 11, 17; Met. 11, 9. Læ-acute;ste ðú georne his ambyhto perform thou zealously his commands, Cd. 25; Th. 33, 10; Gen. 518. [O. Sax. ambaht, n. servitium, ministerium: O. Frs. ambucht, ombecht, n: Ger. amt, n: M. H. Ger. ambahte, ambehte: O. H. Ger. ampahti, ampaht, ambaht, n: Goth, andbahti, n: Dan. embede, n: Swed. ämbete, n: Icel. embætti, n: Lat. ambítus, m. pp. of ambio.]
ambeht-héra, an; m. An obedient minister, v. ombieht-héra.
ambeht-hús, es; n. A workshop; officina. v. ambiht-hús.
ambeht-mæcg, es; m. A servant-man, v. ambyht-mæcg, ombiht-mæcg.
ambeht-man, -mann, es; m. A servant-man, v. ambiht-man.
ambeht-scealc, es; m. An official-servant; minister, v. anbyht-scealc, ombiht-scealc, onbyht-scealc.
ambeht-secg, es; m. An official man, a messenger, v. ambyht-secg.
ambeht-smiþ, es; m. An official smith or carpenter, v. ambiht-smiþ.
ambeht-þegen, es; m. An attendant-thane, an attendant, servant, v. ombeht-þegen, ombiht-þegen.
ám-ber, óm-ber, óm-bor, es; m. n? I. a dry measure of four bushels; mensura continens quatuor modios sive bussellos. v. Registri Honoris de Richm. App. p. 44, where, in an extent of the manors of Crowhurst and Fylesham, in Sussex, 8 Edw. I, we read, 'xxiii ambræ salis, quæ faciunt xii quarteria, secundum mensuram Londoniæ.' Id. p: 258, it is added: 'quarterium Londinense octo modios sive bussellos continet, AMBRA igitiur quatuor modios.' v. Introduc. to Domesday I. p. 133 :-- Tyn ámbra feðra ten ambers of feathers, Ors. 1, 1; Bos. 20, 37. Agyfe mon hine élce mónaþ áne ámbra meles let there be given him every month one amber of meal, L. Ath. i. proœm; Th. i. 198, 6. þritig ómbra rues cornes, feówer ámbru meolwes thirty ambers of rye-corn, four ambers of meal, Th. Diplm. A. D. 791-796; 40, 9, 10. Ðæt he agefe l ámbra maltes and vi ámbra grúta that he give fifty ambers of malt and six ambers of groats, 835; 471, 12, 13: 832-870; 474, 23. II. a liquid measure; batus, cadus :-- Ámber batus, Ælfc. Gl. 25 ; Wrt. Voc. 24, 58. Ámbras cadi, lagenæ, Cot. 31, 125: Lk. Lind. War. 16, 6. XII ámbra Wilisces ealaþ, ámber fulne buteran twelve ambers of Welsh ale, an amber full of butter, L. In. 70; Th. i. 146, 17, 19. XXX ómbra gódes Uuelesces aloþ, ðæt limpaþ to xv mittum thirty ambers of good Welsh ale, which are equal to fifteen mittas, Th. Diplm. A. D. 804-829; 460, 24. III. a vessel with one handle, a tankard, pitcher, pail; lagena, urceus, amphora, situla, hydria :-- Ómbor lagena, Mk. Lind. Rush. War, 14, 13. Ombora urceorum, 7, 8. Ómbor amphora. Lk. Lind. War. 22, 10. [án one, beran to bear, carry: O. Sax. émbar, émber, m. amphora : Ger. eimer, m: O. H. Ger. einpar, eimberi, m. situla, hydria.]
ambiht, ambieht an office, ministry, service; officium. v. ambeht.
ambiht-hús, es; n. [ambeht an office, hús house] A workshop; officina, R. Concord, 11.
ambiht-man, embeht-man, embiht-man, -mann, -monn, es; m. [ambeht an office, man a man] A servant-man, servant-woman, attendant, servant, minister; servus, pedisequus, pedisequa, minister, ministra :-- Híg habbaþ. óðre ambihtmen they have other attendants, L. E. I. 12; Th. ii. 410, 11: Mk. Lind. War. 9, 35.
ambiht-smiþ, es; m. [ambeht an office, smiþ a smith] An official smith or carpenter; præfectus fabrorum :-- Cyninges ambihtsmiþ the king's official carpenter, L. Ethb. 7; Th. i. 4, 8.
ambyht, es; n. An office, service; mandatum, nuntium. Cd. 25; Th. 33, 10; Gen. 518. v. ambeht; n.
ambyht-mæcg, es; m. [ambeht an office, service; mæcg a man] A servant-man, servant, minister; servus :-- Ðíne scealcas, ambyhtmæcgas servi tui, Ps. Th. 101, 12. v. ombiht-mæcg.
ambyht-secg, es; m. [ambeht an office, command, message; secg a man, messenger] An official man, a messenger, ambassador; minister, nuncius, legatus :-- Ðæt ic seó gramum ambyhtsecg, nales Godes engel that I am a minister to the malignant one, not God's angel, Cd. 27; Th. 36, 35 ; Gen. 582.
am-byr: gen. m. n. -byres; f. -byrre, -byre: dat. m. n. -byrum; f. -byrre, -byre: acc. m. -byrne; f. -byre; n. -byr; adj. [am even, equal, byr let it happen, from byrian to happen, pertain]. What is happening even or equal, -- Favourable, fair; æquus, secundus :-- Gyf man hæfde ambyrne wind if a man had a favourable wind, Ors. 1, 1; Bos. 21, 20.
a-meallud, -mællad; part. Emptied out, brought to naught; exinanitus, Ps. Spl. 74, 8, MSS. C, M.
a-mearcian; p. ode; pp. od [a, mearcian to mark] To mark out, delineate, describe, determine; annotare, denotare, designare, describere, definire :-- Hér amearcod is háligra hiw, þurh handmægen awriten on wealle here is described the form of the holy ones, through might of hand carved on the wall, Andr. Kmbl. 1448; An. 724. Ðone, ðe grúnd and sund, heofon and eorþan, amearcode mundum sínum him, who land and
sea, heaven and earth, marked out with his own hands, 1499; An. 751: R. Concord. 2.
amel, es; m. A vessel for holy water; amula, vas lustrale, Cot. 2.
a-meldian; p. ode; pp. od To betray, make known; prodere, indi-care :-- Ic ameldige prodo, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 8; Som. 33, 4. He hine ameldode prodidit eum, Bd. 3, 14; S. 539, 46. Ðá wæ-acute;ron hi ðæ-acute;r ameldode proditi sunt, 4, 16; S. 584, 26: Jos. 9, 17. v. meldian.
ameos = GREEK of ammi or bishop-wort; gen. of ammi.
a-merian, -myrian; p. ode, ede; pp. od, ed To examine, purify [generally said of melted metal]; examinare, purgare, merum reddere :-- Óðer dæ-acute;l sceal beón amered on ðam fýre, swá hér biþ sylfor the other part shall be proved in the fire, as silver here is, Bt. 38, 4; Fox 204, 1. Ðæt seolfor ðe biþ seofon síðum amered argentum examinatum septuplum, Ps. Th. 11, 7: Exon. 63a; Th. 234, 22; Ph. 544: 653; Th. 240, 3; Ph. 633: Elen. Kmbl. 2621; El. 1312: Ps. Spl. 11, 7: 16, 4. Genim ánne cuculere fulne ameredes huniges take a spoon-full of purified honey, Herb. 106; Lchdm, i. 220, 12. Fýre ðú us amyrdest swá swá amyred biþ seolfor igne nos examinasti sicut examinatur argentum, Ps. Spl. 65, 9. Amerodest examinasti, Ps. Lamb. 65, 9.
a-merran to hinder, trouble, disturb, Bt. Met. Fox 8, 87; Met. 8, 44. v. a-myrran.
a-metan; p. -mæt, pl. -mæ-acute;ton; pp. -meten; v. trans. [a, metan to measure]. I. to mete, measure, measure out; metiri, emetiri :-- His micelnesse ne mæg nán monn ametan his greatness no man can measure, Bt. 42; Fox 258, 13. Mid hondum amet measure with [thy] hands, Cd. 228; Th. 308, 30; Sat. 700. Ðæt súsl amæ-acute;te that he should measure his torment, 229; Th. 310, 13; Sat. 725. Ðæt ðú hús ameten hæbbe that thou hast measured the house, 228; Th. 309, 16; Sat. 710 : Bd. 4, 23; S. 596, 26. II. to measure out to any one, to allot, assign, bestow, aliquid alicui emetiri, ex mensura dare, largiri :-- Ametan wolde wrece be gewyrhtum wóhfremmendum would mete out punishment according to their deeds to the doers of wickedness, Bt. Met. Fox 9, 70; Met. 9, 35. Æ-acute;r me gife unscynde mægen-cyning amæt before the powerful king measured out to me a blameless grace, Elen. Kmbl. 2493; El. 1248. III. to measure out, plan, form, make; emetiri, for-mare, confingere :-- Ðú amæ-acute;te mundum ðínum ealne ymbhwyrft and uprádor thou measuredst with thine hands the whole circumference and the firmament above, Elen. Kmbl. 1456; El. 730.
a-metan; p. -mette; pp. -mett; v. trans, [a, metan to paint] To paint, depict, adorn; pingere, depingere, ornare :-- Swelce he hit amete and atiefre on his heortan quasi in corde depingitur, Past. 21, 3; Hat. MS. 30b, 26. Firmamentum [fæstnes] mid manegum steorrum amett the firmament adorned with many stars. Bd. de nat. rm; Wrt. popl. scienc. 10, 12 Lchdm, iii. 254, 9.
amet-hwíl, e; f. Leisure; otium, Ælfc. Gr. 8; Som. 8, 1, MS. D. v. æmet-hwíl.
a-middan; adv. [a = on in, into; mid middle] In the middle, into the midst; in medium :-- Arís, and stand hér amiddan surge, et sta in medium, Lk. Bos. 6, 8.
ammi, ami; g. ameos; n. Ammi, an African umbelliferous plant, millet, bishopwort; ammi Copticum [GREEK g. GREEK] :-- Ðeós wyrt ðe man ami, and óðrum naman milium, nemneþ this wort which is named ammi, and by another name millet, Herb. 164, 1; Lchdm, i. 292, 20. Óðer swilc ameos as much more of ammi, L. M. 2, 14; Lchdm, ii. 192, 7.
a-molsnian; p. ode, ade; pp. od, ad To corrupt, putrefy; putrefacere, Som. v. molsnian.
amore, an; f. A kind of bird; avis quædam, scorellus, Cot. 160.
Amorreas; pl: g. a The Amorites; Amorrhæi :-- Seon cyning Amorrea Sehon regem Amorrhæorum, Ps. Th. 135, 20.
ampella, ampolla, ampulla, an; m. A vial, bottle, flask, flagon; ampulla, lecythus, lenticula :-- Ampella vel ele-fæt an oil-flask, lecythus = GREEK [MS. legithum], Cot. 119. Ampella vel crog lenticula, 124. [Ger. ampel, f: O. H. Ger. ampulla, ampla, f: O. Nrs. ampli, hömpull, m.]
ampre, an; f. Sorrel or dock; rumex, Lchdm, iii. 12, 25. v. ompre.
á-munan; ic, he -man, ðú -manst, pl. -munon; p. -munde , pl. -mundon; pp. -munen To think of, mind, consider, be mindful of, have a care for; cogitare, reputare, memor esse, providere :-- Hwæt is se mann, ðe ðú swá miclum amanst? quid est homo, quod memor es ejus? Ps. Th. 8, 5. Cwæ-acute;don hí, ðæt hie ðæs ne amundon ðe má ðe eówre geferan they said, that they no more minded it than did your companions, Chr. 755; Th. 84, 36, col. 3. v. munan.
a-mundian; p. ode; pp. od To protect, defend; tueri, tutari, Æthelfl. Test; Th. Diplm. A. D. 972; 522, 28. v. mundian.
a-mundon thought of, minded, Chr. 755; Th. 84, 36, col. 3; p. of a-munan.
a-myrdrian; p. ede; pp. ed To murder, kill; occidere, interficere, trucidare :-- Ðæt man sý amyrdred that a man be murdered, L. C. S. 57; Th. i. 406, 25. v. myrðrian.
a-myrgan; p. de; pp. ed; v. trans, [a, myrgan to be merry] To make merry, to gladden, cheer; exhilarare, lætificare :-- Béc syndon breme: hí amyrgaþ módsefan manna gehwylces of þreánýdlan ðisses lífes books are famous: they cheer the mind of every one from the necessary affliction of this life, Salm. Kmbl. 479; Sal. 240.
a-myrian; p. ede, ode; pp. ed, od To examine; examinare, Ps. Spl. 65, 9. v. a-merian.
a-myrran, -merran; p. de; pp. ed [a, myrran impedire] I. to hinder, impede, obstruct, check, disturb; impedire, turbare, obstruere :-- Ðæs wéla amerþ and læ-acute;t ða men this wealth obstructs and hinders those men, Bt. 32, 1; Fox 114, 3. He ofslóh fætta heora, and gecorene Israhéla he amyrde occidit pingues eorum, et electos Israhel impedivit, Ps. Spl. C. 77, 35. Me habbaþ hringa gespong síðes amyrred the binding of these rings hath impeded me in my course, Cd. 19; Th. 24, 18; Gen. 378. He ðæs eorles earm amyrde he checked the earl's arm, Byrht. Th. 136, 43; By. 165. II. to dissipate, spend, distract, defile, mar, corrupt, spoil, destroy; dissipare, perdere, consummare, corrumpere, devorare, distrahere :-- Ðá he hæfde ealle amyrrede postquam omnia consummasset, Lk. Bos. 15, 14, 30. Ne amyrþ he hys méde non perdet mercedem suam, Mt. Bos. 10, 42. Ðeós gitsung hafaþ gumena gehwelces mód amerred this covetousness has corrupted the mind of every man, Bt. Met. Fox 8, 87; Met. 8, 44: 22, 8; Met. 22, 4. Eorþe wæs amyrred corrupta est terra, Ex. 8, 24: Ors. 3, 10; Bos. 69, 39. Ic amyrre distraho, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 5; Som. 32, 10.
an; prep. In, among, into, to; in, ad; followed by dat. or acc :-- An ferþe in the spirit, Ps. C. 50, 110; Ps. Grn. ii. 279, 110: 50, 157; Ps. Grn. ii. 280, 157. Hió biþ eallunga an hire selfre she is altogether in herself, Bt. Met. Fox 20, 440; Met. 20, 220. An folcum among the people, Ps. C. 50, 5 ; Ps. Grn. ii. 276, 5. Dó gléda an glédfæt put embers into a chafing dish, L. M. 3, 62; Lchdm. ii. 346, 3. Ðæt ic an forþ-gesceaft féran móte that I may come to a future state, Ps. C. 50, 52; Ps. Grn. ii. 278, 52. v. on.
an I give, Alfd. Will 14, 4; he gives, Cd. 141; Th. 176, 22; Gen. 2915. v. unnan.
an- is used in composition, I. for A. Sax. and against, in return; contra, re-; as an-sacan to strive against, to contradict; repugnare, contradicere: an-swarian to answer; respondere. II. for un-, denoting privation; as an-bindan to unbind; absolvere. III. for on, in in, to ; as an-wadan to invade; invadere : an-fón to take to one's self; accir pere. Sometimes an- appears scarcely to alter the meaning of the word before which it is placed.
-an, -anne, v. -anne, in alphabetical order, and TO; prep. IV. The termination of most Anglo-Saxon verbs is in -an; but -án is found, which seems to be contracted from aa, agan, ahan, as, -- gán to go, from gaan: smeán to consider, from smeagan: sleán to slay, from sleahan, etc. The termination of verbs in -ón, appears to be a contraction from ahan, ohan, as, -- fón to take, from fahan: gefeón to rejoice, from gefeohan: teón to draw, from teohan, etc. Mrch. § 247*.
AN, I. m. f. n. ONE ; unus, una, unum: gen. m. n. ánes; f. ánre of one ; unius: dat. m. n. ánum; f. ánre to one; uni: acc. m. ánne, æ-acute;nne; f. áne, n. án one; unum, unam, unum: instr. m. n. áne; f. ánre with one; uno, unó, uno: pl. nom. acc. m. f. n. óne each, every one, all; unus-quisque, una-quæque, unum-quodque; singuli, æ, a: gen. m. f. n. ánra of every one, all; singulorum, arum, orum: dat. m. f. n. ánum to every one, all; singulis: instr. ánum with all: def. se ána; seó, ðæt áne the one; gen. ðæs, ðære, ðæs ánan of the one: dat. ðam, ðære, ðam ánan to the one: acc. ðone, ða ánan, ðæt án the one: instr. m. n. ðý ánan; f. ðære, ánan with the one; adj. :-- Án of ðám unus ex illis, Mt. Bos. 10, 29. Án wæs on Ispania one was in Spain, Ors. 4, 9; Bos. 92, 19. God geworhte æ-acute;nne mannan, Adam, of láme God created one man, Adam, of earth, Homl. Th. i. 12, 28. He is án God Deus unus est, Mk. Bos. 12, 29. Ðis is án ðara geræ-acute;dnessa this is one of the ordinances, L. Eth. ix. 1; Th. i. 340, 2. II. alone, only, sole, another; solus, alius: with these meanings it is used definitely, and generally written ána, m. and sometimes aina, ánna, ánga, q. v :-- Án God ys gðd God alone is good; solus [unus] est bonus, Deus, Mt. Bos. 19, 17. Ðæt ge forlæ-acute;ton me ánne, and ie ne eom ána ut me solum relinquatis, et non sum solus, Jn. Bos. 16, 32. God ána wát hú his gecynde biþ, wífhádes ðe weres God alone, knows how its sex is, [the sex of] female or male, Exon. 61 a; Th. 223, 6; Ph. 355. Ðæt ge aina [ge á má, Grn.] gebróðra hæfdon quod alium haberetis vos fratrem, Gen. 43, 6. 2. sole, alone of its kind, singular, unique, without an equal; unicus, eximius :-- Án sunu, mæ-acute;re meotudes bearn the only Son, illustrious child of the Creator, Exon. 128 a; Th. 492, 7; Rä. 81, 10: Hy. 8, 14; Hy. Grn. ii. 290, 14: Bt. Met. Fox 21, 19, 25, 32; Met. 21, 10, 13, 16. Ðæt wæs án foran eald-gestreóna that was before a singular old treasure, Beo. Th. 2920; B. 1458. Ðæt wæs án cyning, æ-acute;ghwæs orleáhtre that was a singular king, faultless in everything, 3775; B. 1885. III. a certain one, some one; quidam; v. sum :-- Án man hæfde twegen suna homo quidam habebat duos filios, Mt. Bos. 21, 28. In this sense it is used as sum in the parallel passage. -- Sum man hæfde twegen suna homo quidam habuit duosfilios, Lk. Bos. 15, 11. 2. sometimes, though rarely, án may be used as the English article a, an. It does not, however, appear to be generally used as an indefinite article,
but more like the Moes. ain, or the Lat. unus -- When a noun was used indefinitely by the Saxons, it was without an article prefixed; as, -- þeódríc wæs Cristen Theoderic was a Christian, Bt. 1; Fox 2, 7. 3. in the following examples it seems to be used for the indefinite article a, an :-- Án engel bodade ðám hyrdum ðæs heofonlícan cynínges acennednysse an angel announced to the shepherds the birth of the heavenly king, Homl. Th. i. 38, 3. Ðár beó án mann stande there shall be a man standing, Chr. 1031; Ing. 206, 5; Erl. 162, 7. Ðá stód ðár án Iudeisc wer, ðæs nama wæs Nichodémus then stood there a Jewish man, whose name was Nicodemus, Nicod. 11; Thw. 5, 38. On ánum reste-dæge on a rest-day or sabbath, Lk. Bos. 24, 1: Jn. Bos. 20, 1. Sceollon æ-acute;nne tíman gebídan must wait [abide] a time, L. C. E. 18; Th. i. 370, 18: Ors. 3, 7; Bos. 61, 36. Wirc ðé nú æ-acute;nne arc now make for thee an ark, Gen. 6, 14. Áne lytle hwíle a little while, Bt. 7, 1; Fox 16, 4. Cynric ofslógon æ-acute;nne Bryttiscne cyning Cynric slew a British king, Chr. 508; Ing. 21, 6. IV. each, every one, all; unus-quisque, una-quæque, unum-quodque; singuli, -æ, -a. It is in this sense that it admits of a plural form: nom. acc. pl. m. f. n. áne; gen. m. f. n. ánra; dot. m. f. n. ánum :-- Ánra gehwá, ánra gehwylc every one, or, literally, every one of all. Swelte ánra gehwilc for his ágenum gilte unusquisque pro peccato suo morietur, Deut. 24, 16. Ánes hwæt, Bt. 18, 3; Fox 64, 30, denotes anything, literally 'anything of all,' and is used adverbially for at all, in any degree. One, other, -- Án æfter ánum one after another, Jn. Bos. 8, 9: Salm. Kmbl. 771; Sal. 385. To ánum to ánum from one to the other, only; duntaxat. Ðæt án, or for án this one thing, for one thing, only; tantum-modo, Mk. Bos. 5, 36. Hý forbærndon ánne finger, and ánne they burnt off one finger, and then another, Ors. 2, 3; Bos. 42, 15. Ete æ-acute;nne and æ-acute;nné let him eat one and another, one after another, Herb. 1, 20; Lchdm. i. 76, 24. On án in one, continually, ever, Gen. 7, 12: Cd. 140; Th. 175, 9; Gen. 2892. DER. nán [=ne + án n + one] none, no one; nullus [ne-ullus].
án; adv. Only; tantum :-- Cweþ ðín án word speak thy word only; tantum dic verbo, Mt. Bos. 8, 8. v. ÁN II.
ána; m. One, sole, single, solitary; unus, unicus, solus, solitarius: nom. f. n. áne one, etc; una, unum: gen. m. f. n. ánan of one; unius = unici, unica, unicæ: dat. ánan to one; uni = unico, unicæ, unico: acc. m. f. ánan one; unum, unam; def. numeral adj. Ðæt [treów, a.] se ána is ealra beáma beorhtast geblówen that is the oae of all the trees most brightly flourishing, Exon. 58b; Th. 209, 27; Ph. 177. God ána on écnysse ríxaþ one God ruleth to eternity, Homl. Th. i. 28, 23. v. ÁN II.
án-ád, án-æ-acute;d, es; n. [án unus, ád = eád, eáþ desertus, vastus, Ett: Goth, áuþs GREEK desertus: v. DER. eáðe; adj.] Solitude, a desert; solitudo, desertum :-- On ðam ánáde in the desert, Exon. 37a; Th. 122, 12; Gú. 304: 37b; Th. 123, 34; Gú. 327. On ánæ-acute;de in a desert, 122b; Th. 471, 22; Rä. 61, 5. [O. Sax. énódi, einódi, f. n. solitudo: Ger. einöde, f. desertum, solitudo: M. H. Ger. einoede, f; einoete, einóte, n: O. H. Ger. einódi, f; einoti, n. solitudo, desertum.]
an-ælan; p. -ælde; pp. -æled, -æld [an, ælan to light] To kindle, inflame, enlighten; accendere, incendere, inflammare, illuminare :-- Mid andan ðære rihtwísnesse anæld kindled with a zeal of righteousness, Chr. 694; Th. 66, note 2: R. Concord. 5. v. on-ælan, in-ælan.
an-æðelian; p. ode, ade; pp. od, ad; v. trans. [an = un not, æðelian to ennoble] To dishonour, degrade; ignobilem reddere :-- And ðonan wyrþ anæðelad óþ-ðæt he wyrþ unæðele and thence becomes degraded till he is unnoble, Bt. 30, 2; Fox 110, 22: Bt. Met. Fox 17, 53; Met. 17, 27. v. un-æðelian.
ánan, ánum by this alone, only; dat. of án one.
anan-beám, es; m. The spindle-tree, prick-wood, prick-timber; euonymus Europæus, L. M. 1, 32; Lchdm, ii. 78, 13.
ana-wyrm, es; m. [ana = an, in in, as in Goth. anahneiwan inclinare; wyrm a worm] An intestinal worm; lumbricus :-- Gif anawyrm on men weaxe if an intestinal worm grow in a man, L. M. 1, 46; Lchdm, ii. 114, 13, 18, 23.
an-bærnys, on-bærnys, -nyss, e; f. [v. on-bærning, in-bærnis] Incense, frankincense; incensum, thus :-- Sý gereht gebéd mín swá swá anbærnys dirigatur oratio mea sicut incensum, Ps. Spl. 140, 2.
an-be-læ-acute;dan; p. -læ-acute;dde; pp. -læ-acute;ded, -læ-acute;d To lead or bring in; inducere. DER. belæ-acute;dan, læ-acute;dan.
an-bestingan; p. -bestang, pl. -bestungon; pp. -bestungen To thrust in; immittere, intromittere :-- Ða anbestungne [Cot. MS. anbestungnan] saglas intromissi [scil. circulis] vectes, Past. 22, 1; Hat. MS. 33a, 22.
an-bíd, es; n. Awaiting, expectation; expectatio, mora :-- Ðæ-acute;r wæron æ-acute;rendracan on anbíde there ambassadors were in waiting, Ors. 3, 9; Bos. 68, 44. Næs ic on náuht [ne, áht, áuht] ídlum anbíde, ðeáh hit me lang anbíd þúhte, ðá ðá ic anbídode Godes fultumes expectans, expectavi Dominum, Ps. Th. 39, 1. Earmra anbíd the expectation of the miserable, Cd. 169; Th. 212, 2; Exod. 533: Elen. Kmbl. 1767; El. 885. v. on-bíd.
an-bídian; p. ode, ude; pp. od To abide, wait, wait for, expect; morari, commorari, expectare :-- Wolde ðæ-acute;r on ælþeódignisse anbídian ut pertgrinaritur ibi, Gen. 12, 10. Me anbídiaþ rihtwíse óþ-ðæt ðú afyldest me me expectant justi donec retribuas mihi, Ps. Spl. 141, 10. Ic anbídude hine expectabam eum, 54, 8.
an-bídung, es; m. An abiding, tarrying, awaiting, expectation; commoratio, expectatio:-- Wícode þre&