This is page 92 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)
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92 BÆNAFULLTING -- BÖSTL.
prayer; morgun-bæn, morning prayer; lesa bænir sínar. to say one's prayers,
etc. COMPDS: bæna-fullting, f. support of prayers, Fms. vi. 114.
bæna-hald, n. a holding of prayers, Landn. Hi, Gþl. 41; baenahalds-
maðr, a man who prays to God, a religions man, Bs. i. 72, Hom. 154.
bæna-hús, n. a chapel, Grág. i. 459, Bs. i. 646; b. tollr, 647: a house
of prayer, Matth. xxi. 13. bæna-staðr, m. entreaty, intercession,
prayer; þat er b. minn til allrar alþýðu, Nj. 189; ek ætlaða, at þér
munduð láta standa minn b. um einn maun, Fms. vi. 101; göra e-t fyrir
bænastað e-s, to do a thing because of one's intercession or prayer, Lv. 13:
supplication, Bs. i. 740; með beztu manna ráði ok b., Gþl. 13. bænar-
bréf, n. a letter of entreaty, Ann. 1330; bónar-bréf, 1392. bænar-
orð, n. pl. prayers, entreaties, Fs. 10, Fms. ii. 235, Sks. 515.
bæna, d, to pray, entreat one; bændi hann til at hann skyldi, Fms. x.
387; prestr sá er baendr er. requested, K.Þ.K. 8, 40; því ætla ek at senda
hann til keisarans sem hann bændi (asíed) sjálfr, Post. 645. 98, cp. Acts
xxv. 25; grát-bæna, to pray 'greeting,' i.e. with tears. β. bæna sik,
(in mod. use) to cover the face with the hands in prayer.
bæn-heyra, ð, esp. theol. to hear one's prayer, N.T.
bæn-hús = bænahús, Pm. 41, Dipl. iii. 2, iv. 9, Vm. 78.
bæn-rækinn, adj. diligent in prayer, Hkr. ii. 191.
BÆR, bœr, or býr, gen. baejar or býjar; gen. biar also occurs, esp.
in Norse MSS. of the 14th century, Fb., but is rare and unclassical; pl.
-ir, gen. -ja, dat. -jum. In Icel. people say bær; in Norway bö in Swed.
and Dan. (always with y) by; the root word being búa, bú: this word
is very freq. in local names of towns and villages throughout the whole
of Scandinavia; and wherever the Scandinavian tribes settled the name
by or bö went along with them. In the map of Northern England the
use of this word marks out the limits and extent of the Norse immigration, e.g.
the name Kirkby or Kirby; about twenty or thirty such are
found in English maps of the Northern and Midland Counties, denot-
ing churches built by the Norse or Danish settlers, as Whitby, Grimsby,
etc., cp. Kirkjubær in Icel. In Denmark and Sweden local names
ending in -by are almost numberless. I. a town, village, this is the
Norse, Swed., and Dan. notion; þeir brenna býi at köldum kolum,
Fms. xi. 122; til bæjarins (of Niðarós), vii. 30; of Bergen, viii. 360,
438; Tunsberg, ix. 361; of the town residence of the earl of Orkney,
Nj. 267: allit., borgir ok bæi, castles and towns, Ann. 1349, etc.
etc.; baejar-biskup, a town-bishop, Fms. vii. 32; bæjar-prestr, a town-
priest, D.N.; bæjar-lögmaðr, a town-justice, id.; bæjar-lýðr, bæjar-lið,
bæjar-menn, town's-people, Fms. viii. 38, 160, 210, Eg. 240, Bs. i. 78;
baejar-brenna, the burning of a town, Fms. x. 30; bæjar-bygð, a town-district, viii. 247; bæjar-gjald, a town-rate, N.G.L. i. 328; bæjar-sýsla, a town-office, Fms. vi. 109; bæjar-starf, id., Hkr. iii. 441; bæjar-seta, dwelling
in town, Ld. 73, Ísl. ii. 392. II. a farm, landed estate, this is the
Icel. notion, as that country has no towns; bær in Icel. answers to the
Germ, 'hof,' Norweg. 'ból,' Dan. 'gaard,' denoting a farm, or farmyard and buildings, or both together; hence the phrase, reisa, göra, setja
bæ, efna til bæjar, to build the farmstead, Eb. 10, 26, 254, Ld. 96, 98,
Fs. 26, Landn. 126, 127, Eg. 131, Gísl. 8, 28, Bs. i. 26, Þorst. hv. 35;
byggja bæ, Bs. i. 60; the phrase, bær heitir..., a farm is called so
and so, Ísl. ii. 322, 323, 325, Ann. 1300, Hrafn. 22, Dropl. 5; the allit.
phrase, búa á bæ..., Þorst. hv. 37; the passages are numberless, and
'bær' has almost become synonymous with 'house and home;' and as it
specially means 'the farm-buildings,' Icel. also say innan-bæjar, in-doors;
utan-bæjar, out-of-doors; í bæ, within doors; milii baejar ok stöðuls, K.Þ.K.
78; milli bæja; bæ frá bæ, from house to house; á bæ og af bæ, at home and
abroad: things belonging to a bær, bæjar-dyr, the doors of the houses,
the chief entrance; bæjar-hurð (janua); bæjar-veggr, the wall of the
houses; bæjar-bust, the gable of the houses; bæjar-lækr, the home-spring,
well; bæjar-hlað, the premises; bæjar-stétt, the pavement in the front of
the houses; bæjar-leið, a furlong, a short distance as between two 'bæir;'
bæjar-sund, passage between the houses; bæjar-hús, the home-stead, opp.
to fjár-hús, etc., where cattle is kept, or barns and the like; fram-bær,
the front part of the houses; torf-bær, timbr-bær, a 'bær' built of turf
or timber: phrases denoting the 'bær' as hearth and home, hér sú Guð í
bæ, God be in this house, a form of greeting, cp. Luke x. 5; bæjar-bragr,
the customs or life in a house; nema börn hvað á bæ er títt (a proverb).
bæra, ð, [bera, báru], to move, stir, esp. reflex. to stir a limb, Bb.
3.31; enginn sá hans varir bærast, no one saw his lips move.
bæri-ligr, adj. fit, seemly, Stj. 141.
bærr, adj. due, entitled to, cp. Germ, gebührend; the proverb, b. er
hverr at ráða sínu, every one has a right to dispose of his own property,
Ísl. ii. 145; vera b. at dæma um e-t, to be a fit judge in a matter (a
proverb); unbecoming, Yt. 11.
bæsa, t, [báss], = bása, to drive cattle into stall, Gísl. 20; the saying,
fyrr á gömlum uxanum at b. en kálfinum, Fms. vi. 28.
bæsingr, m., prop, one born in a báss (q.v.); hence, as a law term, the
child of an outlawed mother; þat barn er ok eigi arfgengt (that child is also
not entitled to inheritance), er sú kona getr er sek er orðin skógarmaðr,
þó-at hon geti við bónda sínum úsekjum, ok heitir sá maðr bæsingr,
Grág. i. 178. Is not the name Bastard, which first occurs as. the surname of the Conqueror, simply a Norman corruption of this Scandin. law
term? The son of an outlawed father was called vargdropi, q.v. 2.
poët. the name of a sword, Edda (Gl.)
BÆTA, tt, [bót; Ulf. bôtjan = GREEK; Hel. bôtian; A. S. bêtan;
O.H.G. bôzau; Germ. büssen] :-- to better, improve, amend, also t o
restore, repair, Nj. 163, Gþl. 411; b. aptr, to restore, Grág. ii. 336; b.
upp, to restore, atone for, Fms. ix. 43; b. at e-u, to repair, 367; bæta ráð
sitt, to better one's condition, to marry, Nj. 2: theol. to better one's life:
Guð bætti honum af þessi sótt, God restored him to health, Fms. ix. 391;
with gen. of the sickness, O.H.L. 84. β. to mend, put a patch on a
garment. 2. reflex., e-m bætisk, one gets better, is restored to
health; at föður hans bættisk helstríð, Landn. 146: absol., bættisk
honum þegar, he got better at once, Bs. i. 318, 319, 325: with gen.,
baettisk Búa augna-verkjarins, Ísl. ii. 428 (rare); cp. heilsu-bót, recovery
of health. II. a law term, to pay weregild, the person slain
in acc., the money in dat.; Hrafnkell bætti engan mann fé, i.e. H. paid
no weregild whomsoever he slew, Hrafn. 4; ek vil engan mann fé b.,
9; Styrr vá mörg víg, en bætti engin (viz. víg), S. slew many men,
but paid for none, Eb. 54; bæta þá menn alla er þar létusk eðr fyrir
sárum urðu, 98; b. sakir (acc.) fé (dat.), Grág. ii. 169: the allit.
law term, b. baugum, to pay weregild, 174: the amount of money
in acc. to pay out, bæt heldr fé þat er þú ert sakaðr við hann, Fms.
iii. 22; ok á hann eigi þat at b., he has not to pay that, Grág. ii.
168; b. öfandar bót, Gþl. 358: part. bættr, Eb. 98, 246. 2.
metaph. to redress, adjust; b. við e-n, or b. yfir við e-n, to give one
redress, make good a wrong inflicted; hefir þú yfir bætt við mik um
þetta bráðræði, Fms. ii. 25, xi. 434: also used in a religious sense, skaltu
b. við Guð, er þú hefir svá mjök gengit af trú þinni, ii. 213 (yfír-bót,
repentance); b. sál, or b. fyrir sál sinni, to do for the health of the soul,
iv. 63, Fb. i. 345 Bs. i. 642 (in a verse); b. um e-t, to make a thing
better (um-bot, bettering, improvement), Orkn. 442: reflex., ekki bætisk
um, matters grow worse, Fms. ii. 53; b. við, to add to (við-bót, addition),
Húv. 45. 3. part. pass, used as adj. in compar.; ok er eigi
at bættra, þótt ..., things are no better, though ..., Fms. vii. 36; þykir
mér Ólafr ekki at bættari, þótt..., i.e. it is no redress for Olave's death,
though ..., Fas. ii. 410; er mér ekki sour minn at bættari þótt Bolli sé
drepinn, my son's death is none the more atoned for though B. is slain,
Ld. 226. 4. part. act. as noun; bætandi, pl. -endr, a law term, one
who has to pay weregild, Grág. ii. 174, etc.
BÆXL, mod. bæxli, n. [bógr], the shoulder (Lat. armus) of a dragon,
whale, shark, or the like, Fms. vi. 351, Bret. 544.16, Gullþ. 7.
BÖÐ, f., gen. böðvar, [A. S. beadu], a battle, only in poetry, in which
it is used in a great many compds; hence come the pr. names Böðvarr,
Böðvildr, Böðmóðr, vide Lex. Poët.
böðull, m., dat. böðli, [Dan. böddel], an executioner, (mod. word.)
böðvask, að, dep. to rave, Hðm. 21.
BÖGGR, m., dat. böggvi, an obsol. word, a bag; breiðr b., a big bag, in
a metaph. sense, Glúm. (in a verse): the dimin. böggull, m. a small bag, is
in freq. use as a nickname, Arn. S. Bs. i. bögla, að, to shrivel, v. bagla.
BÖL, n., dat. bölvi, gen. pl. bölva, [cp. Goth, balva-vesei and balveins
= GREEK, GREEK; A.S. balew; Engl. bale; Hel. balu; O.H.G. balv;
lost in mod. Germ, and Dan.] :-- bale, misfortune; allit. phrases, böl
and bót, 'bale' and 'bote;' bölva bætr, Stor. 22; þegar böl er hæst er
bót næst, 'when bale is hest, bote is nest,' Morris, E. Engl. Spec, 100;
svá skal böl bæta at bíða annat meira (a proverb), Grett. 123, Fbr. 193;
böl er búskapr (a proverb).
böl-bæn, f. imprecation, Sks. 435, Anecd. 10.
böl-fengi, f. malice, O.H.L. 32.
böll-óttr, adj. ball-shaped, Sks. 634; b. eggskurn, Stj. 12; b. manna
höfuð, Fms. v. 343, Rb. 466.
BÖLLR, m., gen. ballar, dat. belli, [Engl. ball; O.H.G. balla] :-- a
ball, globe: the ball, in the game of cricket, Gísl. 26 (in a verse, A.D.
963), but hardly ever used, knöttr being the common word: a globe, Al.
18; b. jarðar, Sks. 205 B; b. sólar, id., v. 1.: the front of a phalanx, belli
svínfylktar fylkingar, 384 B: a small body of men, Lat. globus, Fms. viii.
406, where some MSS. read bjöllr, probably to avoid the ambiguity: a
peak, mountain, in the local name Ballar-á, a farm in the west of Iceland,
Eb. 2. anatom. the glans penis, Grág. ii. 16.
bölva, að, [Ulf. balvjan = GREEK], to curse, with dat. or absol.,
Stj. 37, 199, Sks. 539, 549, Hom. 33. β. to swear, Sturl. iii. 239.
bölv, n. swearing, (mod.)
bölvan, f. a curse, Stj. 37, 483: swearing, Fær. 239, Hom. 86.
böl-víss, adj. [Ulf. balva-vesei, Hel. balu-veso, = diabolus], 'bale-wise,'
detestable, Hbl. 23:3 nickname, Hkv.
BÖRGR, m. [Dutch and Germ. barg; Engl. barrow], a barrow-hog,
Hd., Lex. Poët.
BÖRKR, m., gen. barkar, dat. berki, bark, Stj. 177, Pr. 473, Am. 17;
börku (acc. pl.), N.G.L. i. 242: a pr. name of a man, Landn.
börr, m. a kind of tree, Edda (Gl.), Lex. Poët. II. a son = burr,
böruðr, m., poët, an ox, Edda (Gl.)
böstl, f., pl. böstlar, arrows, Edda (Gl.), Lex. Poët.